福师12秋《高级英语阅读（二）》练习题（W）

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I. Reading comprehension:

Passage 1

Material culture refers to the touchable, material “things” –physical objects that can be seen, held, felt, used-that a culture produces. Examining a culture’s tools and technology can tell us about the group’s history and way of life. Similarly, research into the material culture of music can help us to understand the music-culture. The most vivid body of “things” in it, of course are musical instruments. We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when the phonograph was invented, so we rely on instruments for important information about music-cultures in the remote past and their development. Here we have two kinds of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments pictured in art. Through the study of instruments, as well as paintings, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Near East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near Eastern influence to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments in the symphony orchestra.

Sheet music or printed music, too is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music-cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research shows mutual influence among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain, and America printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different songs. Besides, the ability to read music notation has a far-reaching effect on musicians and, when it becomes widespread, on the music-culture as a whole.

One more important part of music’s material culture should be singled out: the influence of the electronic media-radio, record player, tape recorder, television, and videocassette, with the future promising talking and singing computers and other developments. This is all part of the “information revolution,” a twentieth-century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution was in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modern nations; they have affected music-cultures all over the globe.

1. Research into the material culture of a nation is of great importance because ______.

a. it helps produce new cultural tools and technology

b. it can reflect the development of the nation

c. it helps understand the nation’s past and present.

d. It can demonstrate the nation’s civilization

2. It can be learned from this passage that ______.

a. the existence of the symphony was attributed to the spread of Near Eastern and Chinese music.

b. Near Eastern music had an influence on the development of the instruments in the symphony orchestra

c. the development of the symphony shows the mutual influence of Eastern and Western music

d. the musical instruments in the symphony orchestra were developed on the basis of Near Eastern music

3. According to the author, music notation is important because ________.

a. it has a great effect on the music-culture as more and more people are able to read it

b. it tends to standardize folk songs when it is used by folk musicians.

c. It is the printed version of standardized folk music

d. It encourages people to popularize printed versions of songs.

4. It can be concluded from the passage that the introduction of electronic media into the world of music ______.

a. has brought about an information revolution

b. has speeded up the arrival of a new generation of computers

c. has given rise to new forms of music culture

d. has led to the transformation of traditional musical instruments

5. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?

a. Musical instruments developed through the years will sooner or later be replaced by computers.

b. Music cannon be passed on to future generations unless it is recorded.

c. Folk songs cannot be spread far unless they are printed on music sheets.

d. The development of music culture is highly dependent on its material aspect.

参考答案： CBACD 

Passage 2

Three English dictionaries published recently all lay claim to possessing a “new” feature. The BBC English Dictionary contains background information on 1,000 people and places prominent in the news since 1988; the Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary: Encyclopedic Edition is the OALD plus encyclopedic entries; the Longman Dictionary of English Language and Culture is the LDOCE plus cultural information.

The key fact is that all three dictionaries can be seen to have a distinctly “cultural” as well as language learning content. That being said, the way in which they approach the cultural element is not identical, making direct comparisons between the three dictionaries.

While there is some common ground between the encyclopedic/cultural entries for the Oxford and Longman dictionaries, there is a clear difference. Oxford lays claim to being encyclopedic on content whereas Longman distinctly concentrates on the language and culture of the English-speaking world. The Oxford dictionary can therefore stand more vigorous scrutiny for cultural bias than the Longman publication because the latter does not hesitate about viewing the rest of the world from the cultural perspectives of the English-speaking world. The cultural objectives of the BBC dictionary are in turn more distinct still. Based on an analysis of over 70 million words recorded from the BBC World Service and National Public Radio of Washington over a period of four years, their 1,000 brief encyclopedic entries are based on people and places that have featured in the news recently. The intended user they have in mind is a regular listener to the World Service who will have a reasonable standard of English and a developed skill in listening comprehension.

In reality, though, the BBC dictionary will be purchased by a far wider range of language learners, as will the other two dictionaries. We will be faced with a situation where many of the users of these dictionaries will at the very least have distinct socio-cultural perspectives and may have world views which are totally opposed and even hostile to those of the West. Advanced learners from this kind of background will not only evaluate a dictionary on how user-friendly it is but will also have definite views about the scope and appropriateness of the various socio-cultural entries.

6. What feature sets apart the three dictionaries discussed in the passage from traditional ones?

a. The combination of two dictionaries into one.

b. The new approach to defining words.

c. The inclusion of cultural content.

d. The increase in the number of entries.

7. The Longman dictionary is more likely to be criticized for cultural prejudice because ______.

a. its scope of cultural entries goes beyond the culture of the English-speaking world.

b. it pays little attention to the cultural content of the non-English-speaking countries.

c. it views the world purely from the standpoint of the English-speaking people.

d. it fails to distinguish language from culture in its encyclopedic entries

8. The BBC dictionary differs from Oxford and Longman in that ______.

a. it has a wider selection of encyclopedic entries

b. it is mainly designed to meet the needs of radio listeners

c. it lays more emphasis on language than on culture

d. it is intended to help listeners develop their listening comprehension skills

9. It is implied in the last paragraph that, in approaching socio-cultural content in a dictionary, special thought should be given to ______.

a. the language levels of its users

b. the number of its prospective purchasers

c. the different tastes of its users

d. the various cultural backgrounds of its users

10. What is the passage mainly about?

a. Different ways of treating socio-cultural elements in the three new English dictionaries.

b. A comparison of people’s opinions on the cultural content in the three new English dictionaries.

c. The advantages of the BBC dictionary over Oxford and Longman.

d. The user-friendliness of the three new English dictionaries.

参考答案： CCBDA

Passage 3

Bond reached under the dashboard and from its concealed holster drew out the long-barrelled .45 Colt Army Special and laid it on the seat beside him. The battle was how in the open and somehow the Mercedes must be stopped.

Using the road as if it was Donington, Bond rammed his foot down and kept it there. Gradually, with the needle twitching either side of the hundred mark he began to narrow the gap.

Drax took the left-hand fork at Charing and hissed up the long hill. Ahead, in the giant beam of his headlights, one of Bowaters’ huge eight-wheeled AEC Diesel carriers was just grinding into the first bend of the hairpin, labouring under the fourteen tons of newsprint it was taking on a night run to one of the East Kent newspapers.

Drax cursed under his breath as he saw the long carrier with the twenty gigantic rolls, each containing five miles of newsprint, roped to its platform. Right in the middle of the tricky S-bend at the top of the hill.

He looked in the driving mirror and saw the Bentley coming into the fork.

And then Drax had his idea.

‘Krebs,’ the word was a pistol shot. ‘Get out your knife.' There was a sharp click and the stiletto was in Krebs's hand. One didn't dawdle when there was that note in the master's voice.

‘I am going to slow down behind this lorry. Take your shoes and

socks off and climb out on to the bonnet and when I come up behind the lorry jump on to it. I shall be going at walking-pace. It will be safe. Cut the ropes that hold the rolls of paper. The left ones first. Then the right. I shall have pulled up level with the lorry and when you have cut the second lot jump into the car. Be careful you are not swept off with the paper.’

Drax dowsed his headlights and swept round the bend at eighty. The lorry was twenty yards ahead and Drax had to brake hard to avoid crashing into its tail. The Mercedes executed a dry skid until its radiator was almost underneath the platform of the carrier.

Drax changed down to second.' Now !' He held the car steady as a rock as Krebs, with bare feet, went over the windscreen and scrambled along the shining bonnet, his knife in his hand.

With a leap he was up and hacking at the left-hand ropes. Drax pulled away to the right and crawled up level with the rear wheels of the Diesel, the oily smoke from its exhaust in his eyes and nostrils.

Bond's lights were just showing round the bend.

There was a series of huge thuds as the left-hand rolls poured off the back of the lorry into the road and went hurtling off into the darkness. And more thuds as the right-hand ropes parted. One roll burst as it landed and Drax heard a tearing rattle as the unwinding paper crashed back down the one-in-ten gradient.

Released of its load the lorry almost bounded forward and Drax had to accelerate a little to catch the flying figure of Krebs who landed half across Gala's back and half in the front seat. Drax stamped his foot into the floor and sped off up the hill, ignoring a shout from the lorry-driver above the clatter of the Diesel pistons as he shot ahead.

As he hurtled round the next bend he saw the shaft of two headlights curve up into the sky above the tops of the trees until they were almost vertical. They wavered there for an instant and then the beams whirled away across the sky and went out.

A great barking laugh broke out of Drax as for a split second he took his eyes off the road and raised his face triumphantly towards the stars.

11. Which is true?

a) Bond, driving a Bentley, is chasing Drax, who is driving a Mercedes.

b) Bond, driving a Mercedes, is chasing Drax, who is driving a Bentley.

c) Drax, driving a Bentley, is chasing Bond, who is driving a Mercedes.

d) Drax, driving a Mercedes, is chasing Bond, who is driving a Bentley.

12. What weapon did Bond take out?

a) a gun from under the seat

b) an army knife from a hidden pocket

c) a gun which was hidden in the front of the car

d) a special army machine for stopping cars

13. What do you think Donington is (Paragraph 2)?

a) a town b) a country road c) a main road d) a race-track

14. ‘Bond rammed his foot down and kept it there’ (Paragraph 2). This expression shows

a) that he found it difficult to stay in his seat on the rough road.

b) that he was feeling nervous.

c) that he was very sure of himself.

d) that he wanted to drive fast.

15. What do you think ‘newsprint’ is (Paragraph 3)?

a) newspapers b) paper for printing newspapers

c) posters to advertise newspapers d) wrapping paper

16. What is ‘dawdle’ (Paragraph 7)?

a) complain b) go slowly c) hurry d) disagree violently

17. ‘Dowsed’ (Paragraph 9) means

a) switched on b) switched off c) checked d) used

18. ‘Hacking’ (Paragraph 11) means____

a) cutting b) pulling c) looking d) working

19. The scene of the story is

a) a long hill with a bend at each end.

b) a steep gradient with a lot of bends.

c) a long steep hill with a double bend at the top.

d) a hairpin bend, followed by a one-in-ten gradient.

20. By cutting the rolls of newsprint, Drax and Krebs

a) stop Bond. b) cause Bond to crash into the lorry.

c) slow Bond down. d) cause the lorry to crash.

参考答案：11-15ACDAB 16-20 BBACA

Passage 4

COLORFUL, COLORED AND COLORLESS WORDS

The writer builds with words, and no builder uses a raw material more slippery and elusive and treacherous. A writer's work is a constant struggle to get the right word in the right place, to find that particular word that will convey his meaning exactly, that will persuade the reader or soothe him or startle or amuse him. He never succeeds altogether -- sometimes he feels that he scarcely succeeds at all -- but such successes as he has are what make the thing worth doing.

There is no book of rules for this game. One progresses through everlasting experiment on the basis of ever-widening experience. There are few useful generalizations that one can make about words as words, but there are perhaps a few.

Some words are what we call “colorful”. By this we mean that they are calculated to produce a picture or induce an emotion. They are dressy instead of plain, specific instead of general, loud instead of soft. Thus, in place of “Her heart beat,” we may write “Her heart pounded throbbed, fluttered, danced.” Instead of “He sat in his chair,” we may say, “He lounged, sprawled, coiled.” Instead of “It was hot,” we may say, “It was blistering, sultry, muggy, suffocating, steamy, wilting.”

However, it should not be supposed that the fancy word is always better. Often it is as well to write “Her heart beat” or “It was hot” if that is all it did or all it was. Ages differ in how they like their prose. The nineteenth century liked it rich and smoky. The twentieth has usually preferred it lean and cool. The twentieth century writer, like all writers, is forever seeking the exact word, but he is wary of sounding feverish. He tends to pitch it low, to understate it, to throw it away. He knows that if he gets too colorful, the audience is likely to giggle.

See how this strikes you: “As the rich, golden glow of the sunset died away along the eternal western hills, Angela’s limpid blue eyes looked softly and trustingly into Montague’s flashing brown ones and her heart pounded like a drum in time with the joyous song surging in her soul”. Some people like that sort of thing, but most modern readers would say, “Good grief,” and turn on the television.

Some words we would call not so much colorful as colored -- that is, loaded with associations, good or bad. All words -- except perhaps structure words – have associations of some sort. We have said that the meaning of a word is the sum of the contexts in which it occurs. When we hear a word, we hear with it an echo of all the situations in which we have heard it before.

In some words, these echoes are obvious and discussable. The word mother, for example, has, for most people, agreeable associations. When you hear mother you probably think of home, safety, love, food, and various other pleasant things. If one writes, “She was like a mother to me,” he gets an effect, which he would not get in “She was like an aunt to me”. The advertiser makes use of the associations of mother by working it in when he talks about his product. The politician works it in when he talks about himself.

So also with such words as home, liberty, fireside, contentment, patriot, tenderness, sacrifice, childlike, manly, bluff, limpid. All of these words are loaded with favorable associations that would be rather hard to indicate in a straightforward definition. There is more than a literal difference between “They sat around the fireside” and “They sat around the stove” They might have been equally warm and happy around the stove, but fireside suggests leisure, grace, quiet tradition, congenial company, and stove does not.

Conversely, some words have bad associations. Mother suggests pleasant things, but mother-in-law does not. Many mothers-in-law are heroically lovable and some mothers drink gin all day and beat their children insensible, but these facts of life are beside the point. The thing is that mother sounds good and mother- in -law does not.

Or consider the word intellectual. This would seem to be a complimentary term, but in point of fact it is not, for it has picked up associations of impracticality and ineffectuality and general dopiness.

The question of whether to use loaded words or not depends on what is being written. The scientist, the scholar, try to avoid them; for the poet, the advertising writer, the public speaker, they are standard equipment. But every writer should take care that they do not substitute for thought.

But probably most student writers come to grief not with words that are colorful or those that are colored but with those that have no color at all. A pet example is nice, a word we would find it hard to dispense with in casual conversation but which is no longer capable of adding much to a description. Colorless words are those of such general meaning that in a particular sentence they mean nothing. Slang adjectives, like cool (“That’s real cool”), tend to explode all over the language. They are applied to everything, lose their original force, and quickly die.

Beware also of nouns of very general meaning, like circumstances, cases, instances, aspects, factors, relationships, attitudes, eventualities, etc. In most circumstances you will find that those cases of writing which contain too many instances of words like these will in this and other aspects have factors leading to unsatisfactory relationships with the reader resulting in unfavorable attitudes on his part and perhaps other eventualities, like a grade of “D.” Notice also what “etc.” means. It means “I’d like to make this list longer, but I can’t think of any more examples.”

21. According to the author, a writer scarcely succeeds in the aspect of ___

a. grammar. b. style.

c. vocabulary. d. usage.

22. Which of the following is not true? Colorful words are words that ___

a) produce a picture.

b) induce an emotion.

c) are soft. D. are dressy.

23. Which of the following does not belong to the same group?

a) Blistering. B. Sultry.

b) Suffocating. D. Hot.

24. Ernest Hemingway and his contemporaries tended to favor words that are ___

a) exact and rich.

b) exact and smoky.

c) exact and loud-sounding.

d) exact and low-sounding.

25. We may infer from the essay that ___

a) most modern readers prefer simple and cool style.

b) most modern readers prefer television to prose reading.

c) all words have associations of some sort.

d) colorful words are loaded with associations.

26. The role of context is that ___

a) it confines the use of a word.

b) it decides the meaning of a word.

c) it provides the sound of a word.

d) it defines good associations of a word.

27. “In some words, these echoes are obvious and discussable.” The word “echoes” most possibly means ___

a) sounds. B. memories. C. associations. D. situations.

28. When the politician talks about himself, he ___

a) makes use of associations of all sorts.

b) makes use of the word mother.

c) makes use of the association of the word mother.

d) makes use of good associations.

29. The difference between “They sat around the fireside” and “They sat around the stove” is ___

a) that the former has more favorable associations than the latter.

b) that the former suggests warm and happiness while the latter does not.

c) not literal.

d) hard to indicate.

30. The logical reason for the arrangement of the discussion of the three types of words is ___

a) the degree of importance.

b) the frequency of use.

c) the number of associations.

d) hard to tell.

参考答案: CCD C A DCDAB

True or false

31. Writing is a most difficult task, so writers never succeed.

32. The author believes that one learns to write well through writing and reading books on the rules for this game.

33. The author believes that the audience always prefer dressy words to plain ones.

34. For prose, older writers had a taste different from that of younger ones.

35. We associate a word with all the contexts in which it has occurred.

36. The author implies that in all cultures, the word “mother” has agreeable associations while the word “mother-in-law” does not.

37. When used to refer to a bookish person, the word “intellectual” does not seem to be a complimentary term.

38. When the word “intellectual” refers to the ability of reasoning only, it is denotative.

39. Writers should take care that they themselves do not substitute for thought.

40. Most beginners fail in using colorless words because they are indispensable yet incapable of adding much to a description.

参考答案: F T F T F F T T T F

Passage 5

British universities, groaning under the burden of a huge increase in student numbers, are warning that the tradition of a free education is at risk. The universities have threatened to impose an admission fee on students to plug a gap in revenue if the government does not act to improve their finances and scrap some public spending cutbacks.

The government responded to the universities’ threat by setting up the most fundamental review of higher education for a generation, under a non-party troubleshooter (调停人), Sir Ron Dearing.

One in three school-leavers enters higher education, five times the number when the last review took place thirty years ago.

Everyone agrees a system that is feeling the strain after rapid expansion needs a lot more money-but there is little hope of getting it from the taxpayer and not much scope for attracting more finance from business.

Most colleges believe students should contribute to tuition costs, something that is common elsewhere in the world but would mark a revolutionary change in Britain. Universities want the government to introduce a loan scheme for tuition fees and have suspended their own threatened action for now. They await Dearing’s advice, hoping it will not be too late – some are already reported to be in financial difficulty.

As the century nears its end, the whole concept of what a university should be is under the microscope. Experts ponder how much they can use computers instead of classrooms, talk of the need for lifelong leaning and refer to students as “consumers.”

The Confederation (联盟) of British Industry, the key employers’ organization, wants even more expansion in higher education to help fight competition on world markets from booming Asian economies. But the government has doubts about more expansion. The Times newspaper agrees, complaining that quality has suffered as student numbers soared, with close tutorial supervision giving way to “mass production methods more typical of European universities.”

36. The chief concern of British universities is _______.

a. how to tackle their present financial difficulty

b. how to expand the enrollment to meet the needs of enterprises

c. how to improve their educational technology

d. how to put an end to the current tendency of quality deterioration

37. We can learn from the passage that in Britain ________.

a. the government pays dearly for its financial policy

b. universities are mainly funded by businesses

c. higher education is provided free of charge

d. students are ready to accept loan schemes for tuition

38. What was the percentage of high school graduates admitted to universities in Britain thirty years ago?

a. 20% or so. b. About 15%. c. Above 39%. d. Below 10%.

39. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

a. the British government will be forced to increase its spending on higher education

b. British employers demand an expansion in enrollment at the expense of quality

c. the best way out for British universities is to follow their European counterparts

d. British students will probably have to pay for their higher education in the near future

40. Which of the following is the viewpoint of the Times newspaper?

a. Expansion in enrollment is bound to affect the quality of British higher education.

b. British universities should expand their enrollment to meet the needs of industry.

c. European universities can better meet the needs of the modern world.

d. British universities should help fight competition on world markets.

参考答案： ACDDA

Passage 6

A new era is upon us. Call it what you will: the service economy, the information age, the knowledge society. It all translates to a fundamental change in the way we work. Already we are partly there. The percentage of people who earn their living by making things has fallen dramatically in the Western World. Today the majority of jobs in America, Europe and Japan (two third or more in many of these countries) are in the service industry, and the number is on the rise. More women are in the work force than ever before. There are more part-time jobs. More people are self-employed. But the breath of the economic transformation can’t be measured by numbers alone, because it also is giving rise to a radical new way of thinking about the nature of work itself. Long-held notions about jobs and careers, the skills needed to succeed, even the relation between individuals and employees—all theses are being challenged.

We have only to look behind us to get some sense of what may lie ahead. No one looking ahead 20 years possibly could have foreseen the ways in which a single invention, the clip, would transform our world thanks to its applications in personal computers, digital communications and factory robots. Tomorrow’s achievements in biotechnology, artificial intelligence or even some still unimagined technology could produce a similar wave of dramatic changes. But one thing is certain: information and knowledge will become even more vital, and the people who possess it, whether they work in manufacturing or service, will have the advantage and produce the wealth. Computer knowledge will become as basic a requirement as the ability to read and write. The ability to solve problems by applying information instead of performing routine tasks will be valued above all else. If you cast your mind ahead 10 years, information services will be predominant. It will be the way you do your job.

1. A characteristic of the information age is that ______.

a. the service industry is relying more on the female work force

b. manufacturing industries are steadily increasing

c. people find it harder and harder to earn a living by working in factories

d. most of the job opportunities can now be found in the service industry

2. One of the great changes brought about by the knowledge society is that ______.

a. the difference between the employee and employer has become insignificant.

b. People’s traditional concepts about work no longer hold true

c. Most people have to take part-time jobs.

d. People have to change their jobs from time to time.

3. By referring to computers and other inventions, the author means to say that ______.

a. people should be able to respond quickly to the advancement of technology

b. future achievements in technology will bring about inconceivable dramatic changes

c. the importance of high technology has been overlooked

d. computer science will play a leading role in the future information services

4. The future will probably belong to those who _______.

a. possess and know how to make use of information

b. give full play to their brain potential

c. involve themselves in the service industries

d. cast their mind ahead instead of looking back

5. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

a. Computers and the Knowledge Society

b. Service Industry in the Modern Society

c. Features and Implications of the New Era

d. Rapid Advancement of Information Technology

参考答案： D B B A C

II. Translation:

1. It was a bright, cold day, the ground covered with a sleet that had' frozen so that it seemed as if all the bare trees, the bushes, the cut brush and all the grass and the bare ground had been varnished with ice, I took the young Irish setter for a walk up the road and along a frozen creek, but it was difficult to stand or walk on the glassy surface and the red dog slipped and slithered and I fell twice, hard, once dropping my gun and having it slide away over the ice.

参考答案： 那是明亮而寒冷的一天，大地覆盖了一层冰，以致于所有的光秃秃的树，灌木丛，被砍过的粗杂材和所有的草以及光秃秃的大地都消失在冰层中。我牵着爱尔兰长毛猎犬在柏油路上和冰冻的小溪边散步，但是在滑溜溜的表层站立或者散步是非常困难的，红色的小狗滑倒了，摇晃不稳的前行，我也狠狠地摔了两跤，曾经把我的枪都摔掉了，枪顺着冰滑了好远。

2. I have thought of going to work, but I am unwilling to admit that I do not know how to use my freedom and have to embrace the flunkydom of a job because I have no resources - in a word, no character.

参考答案：我想过要回去工作，但是我不愿意承认我不知道如何使用我的自由，成为工作的仆人，因为我没有任何资源，总之，没有性格。

3. We flushed a covey of quail under a high clay bank with overhanging brush and I killed two as they went out of sight over the top of the bank. Some of the covey lit in trees, but most of them scattered into brush piles and it was necessary to jump on the ice-coated mounds of brush several times before they would flush. Coming out while you were poised unsteadily on the icy, springy brush they made difficult shooting and I killed two, missed five, and started back pleased to have found a covey close to the house and happy there were so many left to find on another day.

参考答案： 我们用刷子惊动了高泥土岸下的水鸟，而且当他们离开岸边的时候我杀死了其中两只。一些鸟藏在树中，但是大部分都分散在刷桩里了，跳入冰层覆盖的刷桩是非常必要的，在它们逃离之前。当你在滑的并且又弹跳的刷子上不稳定行走的时候，射中并杀掉两只水鸟是很困难的，我五只都没打中，但是发现房子边还有一群的时候，我又开心了，在另一天里，看到很多剩下的水鸟，非常开心。

4. I have thought of going to work, but I am unwilling to admit that I do not know how to use my freedom and have to embrace the flunkydom of a job because I have no resources - in a word, no character. I made an attempt to enlist in the Navy last time I was reclassified, but induction, it seems, is the only channel for aliens.

参考答案：我想过要回去工作，但是我不愿意承认我不知道如何使用我的自由，成为工作的仆人，因为我没有任何资源，总之，没有性格。上次分级的时候，我尝试加入海军，但是结果看起来是这仅仅适合外国人。

5. We flushed a covey of quail under a high clay bank with overhanging brush and I killed two as they went out of sight over the top of the bank. Some of the covey lit in trees, but most of them scattered into brush piles and it was necessary to jump on the ice-coated mounds of brush several times before they would flush. Coming out while you were poised unsteadily on the icy, springy brush they made difficult shooting and I killed two, missed five, and started back pleased to have found a covey close to the house and happy there were so many left to find on another day.

参考答案： 我们用刷子惊动了高泥土岸下的水鸟，而且当他们离开岸边的时候我杀死了其中两只。一些鸟藏在树中，但是大部分都分散在刷桩里了，跳入冰层覆盖的刷桩是非常必要的，在它们逃离之前。当你在滑的并且又弹跳的刷子上不稳定行走的时候，射中并杀掉两只水鸟是很困难的，我五只都没打中，但是发现房子边还有一群的时候，我又开心了，在另一天里，看到很多剩下的水鸟，非常开心。

6. I have thought of going to work, but I am unwilling to admit that I do not know how to use my freedom and have to embrace the flunkydom of a job because I have no resources - in a word, no character. I made an attempt to enlist in the Navy last time I was reclassified, but induction, it seems, is the only channel for aliens.

参考答案：我想过要回去工作，但是我不愿意承认我不知道如何使用我的自由，成为工作的仆人，因为我没有任何资源，总之，没有性格。上次分级的时候，我尝试加入海军，但是结果看起来是这仅仅适合外国人。

7. If we are not careful in the Year of the Woman, we shall end up with millions of defensive neurotic females trying to live up to all the propaganda that puts so much pressure on them to take on more than they can cope with and more than they ever want to do.

参考答案： 如果我们在女性年里不小心的话，我们就会有数以百万计的时时都设防的焦虑女性，试图和宣传的一样，给自己加压，承担了他们难以处理的事情和他们从不想承担的事情。

8. I am painfully aware that academic leaders have themselves too often resorted to strictly economic appeals for support because these seemed easier to explain and justify than the less tangible purposes of learning. We have too often promised more than we could deliver on investments in research, and so have invited disappointed expectations and some disillusion with what education can offer in exchange for its considerable cost.

参考答案：我非常痛苦地意识到，学术大家们太经常让自己着迷于经济方面的帮助了，因为这看起来非常简单地解释了学术目标的不切实际而且这也让它们看起来非常合理。我们在申请研究资金的时候经常夸大其词，结果就是更多的失望，以及对于花费了大量资金的教育只能换回不多的价值产生的错觉。但是教育甚至整个社会都不会从拒绝这些罪过中得到好处。