音素和国际音标

1．什么是音素：音素是语音的最小单位。

2．音素的分类：元音和辅音。

3．音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20个，辅音音 素28个。

4．什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。

5．什么是国际音标：国际音标是由国际语音协会规定的一套音标，用来记录世界各主要语言的语音。

7. 开音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e : name, bike, home, due, plane, shine

b) 辅音+元音: he, go, hi, do, be, tree, three, hello

8. 闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音: bad, bed, sit, hot, cup,let, mad, map

b)元音+辅音: it,is, of, in, on, up, out, ant

9.重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。

元音和辅音的定义：

发音时声带振 动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍，这样形成的语音称为元音。

不论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍，这样形成的语音称为辅音。

发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。

发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。

Lesson 1

元音[i:] [I] [ә:] [ә] 学习

[i:] 发这个音的字母和字母组合e ea ee

e: me be she he we evening

ee:sweet bee sweep sheep see sleep three green

ea:meat leaf sea pea teach eat clean

根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中元音字母组合发音相同的两个词。

1.seat rain bean cat

2.gift feet teacher dog

3.pig star tree jeep

4.sweet sea fish the

[i] 发这个音的字母和字母组合i e y ey ay

i: pig fish in fifteen six ship thin

e: begin behind jacket basketball

y: happy heavy busy lorry carry sunny

lovely study thirsty twenty thirty windy rainy

ey: monkey money

ay:Sunday Saturday Friday

根据发音规则，圈出每组中元音字母发音不相同的单词。

1.sofa sit kick lip

2.ink gift jam ship

3.hand picture big sister

4.hot lick pig jelly

[ә:] 发这个音的字母和字母组合er ir ur ear or

er: her serve term

ir:bird girl skirt first dirty skirt shirt

ur:nurse Thursday turtle purple curtain

ear:early learn

or: word work world

根据发音规则，圈出每组中元音字母组合发音相同的单词。

1.thirty beer thirsty wheat

2. bank king her nurse

3.turtle bird rabbit knee

4.room run shirt term

[ә] 发这个音的字母和字母组合ure er ar or a e

ure: picture

er:teacher brother dinner father sister

ar: sugar

or:doctor

a:panda about above camera sofa China

根据发音规则，找出发[ә]的2个单词写在后面的横线上。

1.mother sofa road smile

2.sit father sister food

3. hair deer tiger China

4.sugar soon ear leader

音标[i:] [i] [ә:] [ә] 练习

1. 找出下列没有相同发音的词。

( ) ①he feet bread green

( ) ②pig is dog ship

( ) ③thirty bird her food

( ) ④she big in money

( ) ⑤sweets fish teacher we

( ) ⑥teacher sister about girl

( ) ⑦tiger first work shirt

( ) ⑧tree bean clean chin

( ) ⑨father doctor skirt china

( ) ⑩happy sea sit picture

2. 读音标写单词。

[bi:] [bә:d] [si:] [swi:t] [′bizi] [hә:] [′dɔktә] [′sistә] [li:f] [hi:]

3. 连线。

meat [ә:]

thirsty [i:]

driver [ә]

animal [i:]

Lesson 2

音标[ɔ:] [ɔ] [u:] [u]学习

[ɔ:] 发这个音的字母和字母组合a aw al or oor

a: water

aw:draw strawberry

al:ball wall

or:horse corn fork or short

oor:floor door

根据发音规则，找出发[ɔ:]的1个单词写在后面的横线上。

1.tall bird bread poor

2.idea chair sport hare

3.cake bear walk cup

4.drink short bag milk

[ɔ] 发这个音的字母和字母组合o a

o: fox coffee dog shop dog doctor long

a: watch

根据发音规则，找出发[ɔ:]的2个单词写在后面的横线上。

1.doctor teacher box clothes

2.cold zoo clock dog

3.love boss lot violin

4.watch beach fox girl

[u:] 发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo ui

o: do who whose

oo: food moon too

ui: fruit juice

u: ruler rude

根据发音规则，找出不发[u:]的单词。

1. juice moon zoo panda

2. tooth broom eye spoon

3. head boot noodles pool

4. noon cool boot watch

[u]发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo u

o:woman wolf

oo:look good book foot wood

u:bull bullet

根据发音规则，选出与其它单词元音发音不相同的单词。

1.mouth book look pull

2.push tape sugar foot

3.wood kind wolf bull

4.bullet wood cook name

音标[ɔ:] [ɔ] [u:] [u]练习

一．抄写音标，一个抄写10遍,一边抄写一边读。

[u]： [u:]： [ɔ]： [ɔ:]：__________

二．找出下列没有相同发音的词。

( ) ①moon food eat fruit

( ) ②true book wood look

( ) ③four small walk bird

( ) ④got clock shop shirt

( ) ⑤bus foot push book

( ) ⑥lost ball long ox

( ) ⑦ruler dog mooncake blue

( ) ⑧big ship horse it

四. 写出单词或音标。

[bru:m] [dɔ:] [sit] [bә:d]

[fut] [wi:] [dɔg] [′sistә]

look do water good

too foot clock first

work sister doctor sea

五. 将下列单词与正确的音标用线连起来。

hot [blu:]

football [huk]

blue [ki:s]

hook [futbɔ:l]

kiss [hɔt]

Lesson 3

音标[a:] [Λ] [æ] [e] 练习

[a:] 发这个音的字母和字母组合a ar au ear

a: grass glass class plant dance fast father last

ar: car star arm March garden dark scarf

au: laugh aunt

ear: heart

根据发音规则，圈出发[a:]的2个单词。

1.arm lip doctor card

2. cloud cart garden gate

3.ball scarf dark tiger

4. job lorry March park

[Λ] 发这个音的字母和字母组合o u oo ou

o: son come colour love money

u: sun nut jump gum bus brush supper us

ou: touch cousin country

根据发音规则，找出每组中发[Λ]的单词。

1.hear cup bed air

2. voice boy duck ant

3.vase corn bear gun

4. cute boy money her

[æ] 发这个音的字母和字母组合a

a: dad cap cat bad apple bag flag hand rabbit ant black fat has stand rat map

根据发音规则，找出每组中发[æ]的单词。

1.rat bed face sport

2.hear cup fat pear

3.rice bat finger tree

4.sea young knife apple

[e] 发这个音的字母和字母组合e ea

e: egg bell desk leg pet ten pen

ea: bread head breakfast

根据发音规则，找出每组中不发[e]的单词。

1.cat well leg pen

2.sweat map pet elephant

3.egg ten tall desk

4.bread head bed toy

音标[a:] [Λ] [æ] [e] 练习

一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。

[a:]： [Λ]： [æ]： [e]：____

二．选出下列没有相同发音的词。

( ) 1. car arm food garden

( ) 2. true jump bus cut

( ) 3. bag short map flag

( ) 4. egg pen head small

( ) 5. got clock bell dog

( ) 6. rabbit book wood foot

( ) 7. rat bat apple ten

( ) 8. gun star duck money

三. 写出单词或音标。

［pa:st］ [ru:m] [swet] [sit]

[fæt] [gɔt] [cΛp] [shә:t]

bag car bus bread star head

四. 选出下列每题中元音有几种读音，有一种读音的在（ ）里画☆,有两种读音的画△,有三种的画◇

( ) 1. hat fast cook last

( ) 2. jeep door sun gum

( ) 3. dad cap hand map

( ) 4. star car cut from

( ) 5. skirt sheep bird her

五. 改变下列单词的一个字母,使它变成另一个单词

like_________________(交通工具)

hat ________________(动物)

lake ________________(食品)

nice _______________(数字)

hot _________________(用品)

Lesson 4

元音音标[ei] [ai] [ɔi] [au]练习

[ei] 发这个音的字母和字母组合a ai ay

a: cake make name game snake gate lazy

ai: rain train wait

ay:day May play taday way

根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发音不一样的单词。

1.face wave sheep tail

2.grape plane name coat

3.time tape train snake

4.rain soap cake train

[ai] 发这个音的字母和字母组合i y ie uy

i: kite bike nice tiger write knife

y: by cry fly my sky try why

ie:tie pie

uy:buy

根据发音规则，找出每组中发[ai]的2个单词.

1.rice good jam right

2.ship mine ice-cream mouse

3.cloud sit tie eye

4.write small tennis kite

[ɔi] 发这个音的字母和字母组合oi oy

oi: oil boil coin

oy: boy toy

根据发音规则，找出每组中发[ɔi]的2个单词.

1.soil hear soy cold

2. rabbit bed boy noise

3.walk voise boil word

4. tea enjoy toy milk

[au] 发这个音的字母和字母组合ou ow

ou: house mouse mouth trousers

ow: flower cow how now down

根据发音规则，选出不发[au]的单词。

1．mouse cloud arm clown

2.teacher trousers cow mouth

3. town dance flower house

4.tower blouse now baby

音标[ei] [ai] [ɔi] [au]练习

一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。

[ei]： [ai]： [ɔi]： [au]：____

二. 选出下列没有发相同发音的词

( ) 1. cake egg rain May

( ) 2. kite cry broom fly

( ) 3. boy joy cat noise

( ) 4. blouse sun cow house

( ) 5. tower flower mouth arm

三. 读音标,将下列单词补充完整或写出字母，单词的音标。

[klaud] [set] [kɔin] [krɔ:s]

c__ __ __d s__ __ c__ __n cr__ __s

[flæg] [trein] [desk] [smail]

f__ __g tr__ __n d__ __ __ s__ __le

Aa Kk Ii Yy

hi boy cow now

toy bike house my

cake face how nice

四. 把下列单词下正确的音标连接起来

bow [bau]

gate [pai]

tray [geit]

pie [trei]

poison [pɔizn]

五. 看图、填空、标号

h___t→ s__n→ e__ __s__ r→

r__l__ __→ c__k___→ m__ __th

Lesson 5

元音音标[әu] [iә] [eә] [uә]的练习

[әu] 发这个音的字母和字母组合o oa ow

o: nose rose poen over

oa: boat coat soap goat

ow:show window snow bowl

根据发音规则，圈出每组中发[әu]的2个单词。

1．coat goat tree river

2.make window knife road

3. your white row coat

4.boat hen nose lamp

[iә] 发这个音的字母和字母组合ear eer

ear: ear hear tear

eer: deer beer

根据发音规则，圈出每组中发[iә]的1个单词。

1.bear beer fair tail

2.noodles pair near come

3.horse near tower air

4. ring king here three

[eә] 发这个音的字母和字母组合air ear

air: hair chair pair

ear:pear bear wear

根据发音规则，圈出每组中发[eә]的1个单词。

1.bear idea pineapple tail

2.noodles pair climb come

3.horse house tower air

4. ring king hare three

[uә] 发这个音的字母和字母组合oor our ure

oor: poor

our: tour

ure: sure pure

根据发音规则，圈出每组中发[uә]的1个单词。

1.clear tourist pineapple tail

2.noodles pair climb fury

3.beard cure tower air

4. voice king pure engineer

音标[әu] [iә] [eә] [uә]的练习

一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。

[әu]： [iә]： [eә]： [uә]：___________

二. 选出下列没有相同发音的词。

( ) 1. mouth coat goat window

( ) 2. dear beer cake teacher

( ) 3. pair boy air hare

( ) 4. poor tour Europe cry

( ) 5. boat bike side fly

三. 写出单词或音标。

［nәuz］ [said] [iә] [kau] [peә]

[puә] [bæt] [wu:d] go ear

photo deer near nose hear

五. 把下列单词与音标用线连起来。

［rәuz］ theater

['θiәtә] rose

[skweә] tour

[tuә] square

[pleisiz] places

辅音

爆破音： [p][t][k] [b][d][g]

摩擦音： [f] [v] [s] [z] [θ] [ð]

破擦音： [tr] [dr] [ts] [dz] [t∫] [t3]

鼻辅音： [m] [n] [η]

舌侧音：

1）出现在元音之前叫作清晰舌边音

2）出现在辅音及单词末尾时叫作模糊舌边音

半元音：擦音中气流较弱，摩擦较小，介于元音跟辅音之 间的音 [w] [j]

• [3] [∫]

• [h] [r]

Lesson 6

辅音音标[p] [b] [t] [d]练习

[p] 发这个音的字母和字母组合p pp

p: piano panda parrot pet ship

sheep pig stop

pp: apple happy

根据发音规则，圈出没有发[p]的单词。

1.ship phone sleep pear

2.pick pen big pineapple

3.taxi parrot sheep pig

4.panda pony pet truck

[b] 发这个音的字母和字母组合b bb

b: book ball bird big boy bag

banana

bb:rubber rabbit cabbage

根据发音规则，圈出发[b]的2个单词。

1.cab gift beach love

2. pet god tub bed

3.weather boy bus make

4.rabbit read dress baby

[t] 发这个音的字母和字母组合 t tt

t: table tea taxi cat rat fat ticket

Tt: butter matter

根据发音规则，圈出没有发[t]的1个单词。

1.taxi fat bag toy

2.hat ticket tea duck

3.pocket packet cat rain

[d] 发这个音的字母和字母组合d ed

d: duck seed door desk day red

head bed read cold

ed: smiled opened played

根据发音规则，圈出没有发[d]的1个单词。

1.bed clothes hand

2.dog cold five

3.dance duck grape

音标[p] [b] [t] [d]练习

一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。

• [p]： [b]： [t]： [d]：_______

二. 选出下列没有相同发音的词

• ( ) 1. pear ship coat pig

• ( ) 2. taxi bean cab cabbage

• ( ) 3. hat sea ticket wallet

• ( ) 4. seed dance hand full

• ( ) 5. pick pen sit pineapple

• ( ) 6. cold find door chair

• ( ) 7. cloth purple pool push

• ( ) 8. eat fan quiet set

三.写出单词或音标。

• [pændә] [kΛt] [di:p] [klaud]

• apple pear rabbit read

四. 改变下列单词的一个字母，使它变成另一个单词。

• short→_____________(衣物) sea→_________________（感官动词）

• pet →______________(蔬菜) ten→___________________ (动物)

Lesson 7

辅音音标[k] [g] [s] [z]学习

[k]发这个音的字母和字母组合c k ck

c: cap cook cup car can class

k: cook milk key desk kite cake

ck: clock sock cock neck

从下列单词中找出一个发[sk]的单词。

1. cake car desk neck

2. mask rock ink clock

3. disk truck silk duck

[g]发这个音的字母和字母组合g gg

g: glass golf get girl bag goat flag

gg: egg

根据发音规则，圈出发[g]的单词。

gas drive gum give violin bag

jeans orange log bridge guess

tank grade long language

[s]发这个音的字母和字母组合s c ss ce

s: star sun snake sea see

c: pencil city cedar ceiling celebrate

ss: grass glass class boss

ce: face race rice nice

根据发音规则，圈出每组中2个发[s]的单词。

1. whose juice lick student

2. those case scarf shoes

3. space nose science meat

4. tears piece bus nose

[z]发这个音的字母和字母组合z s se

z: zero zebra zoo

s: bags photos sisters

se: nose rose

根据发音规则，圈出每组中2个发[z]的单词。

1.zoo freeze lick case

2. game play busy shoes

3.dog nose rose meat

4. tears peanut eagle zero

一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。

[k]： [g]： [s]： [z]：____

二. 将下列没有相同发音的词找出来

( ) 1. car stay neck clock

( ) 2. gas give drive bag

( ) 3. sea boss rice cook

( ) 4. lick zoo rose zero

( ) 5. tears freeze desk busy

三. 写出单词或音标。

［rais］ [nәuz] [sneik] [gra:s]

__________ __________ __________ ___________

[gɔlf] [gla:s] [kɔk] [ki:]

__________ __________ __________ ___________

leg cake rice mouse

__________ __________ __________ ___________

nose bag get kite

__________ __________ __________ ___________

四. 把下列单词与音标用线连接起来。

socks ['gigl]

giggle [gәust]

ghost [sɔks]

face [t∫i:z]

cheese [feis]

五. 根据翻译提示。

（1）Daisy is the [desk] on dancing Miss.

________________________________Daisy 小姐正在桌子上跳舞。

（2）name ['sneik] is My.

____________________________________我的名字叫做蛇。

（3）a ['bi:] I'm busy.

____________________________________我是一只忙碌的小蜜蜂。

Lesson 8

辅音音标[∫] [3] [t∫] [d3]练习

[∫] 发这个音的字母和字母组合s sh

s: sugar sure

sh: ship sheep wash cash shop she

根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发[∫]的2个单词。

1. shell ship watch desk

2. truck shirt skirt ship

3. brush carrat sheep sleep

4. hero shape street shelf

[3]发这个音的字母和字母组合s

s: television, usually, Asia

measure a garage,

an unusual collision; a great decision;

my pleasure

根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发[3]的2个单词。

1. shell ship garage desk

2. truck shirt pleasure ship

3. brush casual sheep sleep

4. hero shape leisure shelf

[t∫]发这个音的字母和字母组合ch tch

ch: teacher peach cherry chair

tch: watch match

根据发音规则,找出下列单词中发[t∫]的单词，并抄下来。

chair dumpling beach cheese

night she monkey

China church these flower egg

dream shark chick catch

[d3]发这个音的字母和字母组合g j dge

g: ginger giraffe

j: jump job jam

ge: orange cabbage cage

根据发音规则,圈出下列单词中发[d3]的单词。

egg giraffe dragon grass cabbage job

gift gate orange drug jeans gun

音标[∫] [3] [t∫] [d3]练习

一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。

[∫]： [3]： [t∫]： [d3]： _____

二. 选出下列具有相同发音的单词。

( )1. shell watch ship see

( ) 2. shell pleasure sick treasure

( )3. chair China Monkey dream

( )4. job gift door cabbage

( )5. grass chick start jeans

三. 写出单词或音标。

［d3æm］ [pi:t∫] [∫ip] [wɔ∫]

__________ ___________ _________ __________

fish sheep she catch

__________ __________ __________ ___________

peach chick shoes watch

Lesson 9

音标[f] [v] [θ] [ð]的练习

[f]发这个音的字母和字母组合f ff ph gh

f: five fan flower fish four leaf

ff: giraffe

ph: phone elephant photo

gh: laugh

选出下列单词中不发[f]的单词，写在横线上。

knife flower foot fish pick get photo giraffe laugh leaf

[v]发这个音的字母和字母组合v ve

v: video vase vest

ve: five love violin

根据发音规则,在不发[v]的单词上打×

violin move vote window

van volcano white woman

victory wet wave vase

[θ]发这个音的字母和字母组合th

th: three thin third teeth mouth

根据发音规则，圈出不发[θ]的单词。

1．father three maths thirsty

2. mouth throat Thursday brother

3. think thirsty mother thousand

4. thin thick they teeth

[ð]发这个音的字母和字母组合th

th: father mother brother clothes weather

根据发音规则，圈出每组中发 [ð]的1个单词。

1．than sister brother three

2. weather thank night good

3. tie look teeth they

4. thin father throat watch

音标[f] [v] [θ] [ð]的练习

一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。

[f]： [v]： [θ]： [ð]：______________

二. 将下列没有相同发音的词找出来

( ) 1. foot knife pick fish

( ) 2. window move vote vase

( ) 3. three fan thousand thin

( ) 4. father them brother watch

( ) 5. finish van fool fat

三. 写出单词或音标。

［'brΛðә］ [keid3] [vest] [heә] [kɔk] [ti:θ]

[zi:p] [la:f] five seven foot

fat mouth thirty three father

四. 选出下列每题中有几种读音。A.一种 B.二种 C.三种 D.四种

( ) 1. foot room leaf vase

( ) 2. vest five like love

( ) 3. ship pea pick hike

( ) 4. thumb cut brother mother

( ) 5. they thin maths mouth

Lesson 10

辅音音标［ts］[dz] [tr] [dr]的练习

[ts] 发这个音的字母和字母组合ts tes

ts: seats goats coats cats pets eats

tes: gates kites dates tastes

根据发音规则，找出发[ts]的4个单词写在后面的横线上。

sands woods boots birds

hats carrats hands beds

friends rats seeds kids

[dz] 发这个音的字母和字母组合ds des

ds: seeds woods friends birds beds

des: rides

根据发音规则，找出发[dz]的5个单词写在后面的横线上。

coats hands cats kites

beds words pets kids

seats horse sands gates

[tr] 发这个音的字母和字母组合tr

tr: tree truck trousers strawberry trick

根据发音规则，找出没有发[tr]的3个单词写在后面的横线上。

seats truck train trash tractor

drink street drug trousers

[dr] 发这个音的字母和字母组合dr

dr: draw drink driver dragon dry

根据发音规则，找出每组中发[dr]的2个单词写在后面的横线上。

1. dream duck dress rain

2. rat drain drug door

3. tree treasure drawer drink

4. truck dragon dish drum

一. 抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。

［ts］： [dz]： [tr]： [dr]：______________

二. 选出下列选项中具有相同发音的两个单词。

( ) ( ) 1. dream shoes drink popcorn

( ) ( ) 2. truck thirsty bath trash

( ) ( ) 3. beds pets words gates

( ) ( ) 4. birds boots rats friends

( ) ( ) 5.drug drain rain dish

三. 写出单词或音标。

［'draivә］ [train] [wuds] [kaits] [træ∫] [drɔ:]

[gәuts] [‘frendz] hats its hands shirts

beds birds heads tree dress try cats carrots

四. 把下列单词和音标用线连起来。

[kәuts］ trousers

[si:dz] coats

[træ∫] seeds

['draivә] trash

[trauzәz] driver

Lesson 11

辅音音标[h][r][l][m]的练习

[h]发这个音的字母和字母组合h wh

h: he her head heart hair ham

wh: who whose

根据发音规则， 把下列单词中不发[h]的找出来。

1. ham hat white ( )

2. horse whale who ( )

3. wheat hole hair ( )

[r] 发这个音的字母和字母组合r rr wr

r: rice room ride road rose

rr: mirror carrot parrot

wr: write wrong wrap

根据发音规则，选出发[r]的单词，打√。

1. bread driver wrong rain worker

2. river father robot rope sister

3. write fruit rabbit crown drum

[l] 发这个音的字母和字母组合l ll

l: look light lock lucky lion tail

ll: ball pull dollar tell

根据发音规则，选出每组中不发[l]的单词。

1. lamp nail flag woman ( )

2. yellow fruit lion lychee ( )

3. grape bull laugh lake ( )

4. dumpling moon wheel whale( )

[m] 发这个音的字母和字母组合m mb

m: mouth mouse milk monkey moon money mum

mb: climb comb thumb

音标[h][r][l][m]的练习

一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。

[h]： [r]： [l]： [m]：__________

二. 写出单词或音标。

[hed] [rait] [lait] [teil] [ku:l] [riη] [mu:n]

[hæm] heart hair horse room school late

like ball laugh noodle home ham

三. 把下列单词用线连接起来。

parrot [′pærәt]

heart [lɔk]

lock [ha:t]

dollar [klaim]

climb [′d ɔlә]

四. 读下列单词，选出发[r]音的单词，并写在下面的横线上。

white hair wrong drum father lion rabbit laugh

whale drive comb mirror swim

五. 将下列单词连成句子，并将音标部分写成单词。

(1) hear [rivә] I can the

(2) Lilly to and langh little [krai] loves

Lesson 12

音标[n] [η] [w] [j]的练习

[n]发这个音的字母和字母组合n kn gn

n: nose net nut banana noodles train rain plane down

kn: knee knife knock

gn: sign

根据发音规则，找出发[n]的单词并抄下来。

1. mirror wheel yes knock

2. mall hen laugh nut

3. earrings plane wing bread

[η]发这个音的字母和字母组合n ng

n: ink bank tank finger

ng: sing hang song king reading running

根据发音规则，从下列每组中找出2个发[η]的单词。

1．net ring finger meat

2. tennis mouth song swing

3. dumpling wing run nail

4. hang swim ink note

[w]发这个音的字母和字母组合

w: winter window watch water well would

wh: white where which when why wheel whale

根据发音规则，选出每组中不发[w]音的1个单词。

1. wood write wheel which

2. wheat snow wet woman

3. white window now why

4. whale water watch row

[j]发这个音的字母和字母组合y

y: yo-yo yogurt yard yes you your

根据发音规则，找出发[j]的单词写在下面横线上。

cry you your sky yellow lorry

money jelly toy boy yogurt soy

音标[n] [η] [w] [j]的练习

一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。

[n]： [η]： [w]： [j]： ___________

二. 写出单词或音标。

［nais］ [wɔt∫] [wɔ:tә] [bæηk] [riη] [ja:d] [jip]

[net] bank think nose rain swing king

wet where what yard yes your

三. 把下列单词用线连起来。

knee [hæη]

hang [ni:]

yolk [jәuk]

whale [iηk]

ink [weil]

四. 在下列单词中找出发［n］音的单词并抄下来。

knock bread mirror bank nut ink plane neck row

sky noodle nose boys cry water knee park he

五. 看图，根据下列所给音标填单词。

[′mΛðә] [fæn] [maus] [pi:t∫]

________ __________ __________ ___________

Lesson 13

语音的基本常识

1、音节的划分

一个单词的音标中有几个元音就有几个音节。

2、重读音节

任何双音节或多音节单词的音标中，有重读音节和非重读音节 ，哪一个音节重读，该音节的左上方或该音节的元音上方标有重读符号“'”。

3、浊化音

以sp__, st___, sk___开头的单词中，清辅音/p/ /t/ /k/分别要发浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/。

4、定冠词the的读音

e.g. the man

c.f. the old man

5、不完全爆破

爆破音[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g] 后面紧跟另一个爆破音时，前面的那个爆破音只在口腔内形成阻碍，而不能完全读出。

e.g. basketball

the part of the earth

6、连读

在一个短语或句子中，如果相邻两词的关系相等密切，而前一个词以辅音结尾，后一个词以元音开头，辅音和元素连在一起读。

7、意群的停顿

  对于一个较长的句子，可以根据意思和结构将其分成几群,一个意群必须一口气说完。