2019年人教高考英语一轮练习题：选修7U3含答案 

一、阅读理解。

The first potatoes were grown by the Incas of South America, more than 400 years ago. Their descendants(后代) in Ecuador and Chile continue to grow the vegetable as high as 14，000 feet up in the Andes Mountains. (That’s higher than any other food will grow.) Early Spanish and English explorers shipped potatoes to Europe, and they found their way to North America in the early 1600s.

People eat potatoes in many ways—baked, mashed, and roasted, to name just three. However, in the United States most potatoes are eaten in the form of French fries. One fast­food chain alone sells more than $1 billion worth of fries each year. No wonder, then, that the company pays particular attention to the way its fries are prepared.

Before any fry makes it to the people who eat at these popular restaurants，it must pass many separate tests. Fail any one of these tests and the potato is rejected. To start with, only Russet Burbank potatoes are used. These Idaho potatoes have less water content than other kinds, which can have as much as 80 percent water. Once cut into “shoestrings” shapes，the potatoes are partly fried in a secret blend of oils, sprayed with liquid sugar to brown them, steam dried at high heat, then flash frozen for shipment to individual restaurants.

Before shipping，every shoestring is measured. Forty percent of a batch must be between two and three inches long. Another 40 percent has to be over three inches. What about the 20 percent that are left in the batch? Well, a few short fries in a bag are okay，it seems.

So，now that you realize the enormous size and value of the potato crop, you can understand why most people agree that this part of the food industry is no “small potatoes”．

【解题导语】　本文介绍了土豆被引进美国的历史及炸薯条在美国食物产业中举足轻重的地位。

1．Potatoes in North America came directly from ．

A．Chile　　　　　　 B．Europe

C．Ecuador D．the Andes Mountains

B　解析：细节理解题。根据文中第一段最后一句可知，北美最早的土豆来自欧洲。故选B项。

2．Why does the company pay special attention to the way the fries are prepared?

A．Because selling fries is a big business.

B．Because fries are not easy to prepare at all.

C．Because Americans are particular about fries.

D．Because the government has a strict rule for that.

A　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的One fast­food chain alone sells more than $1 billion worth of fries each year. No wonder, then, that the company pays particular attention to the way its fries are prepared.可知，在美国，炸薯条是个很大的行业，所以会被特殊关注。故选A项。

3．In the last paragraph, the writer mainly wants to say ．

A．small potatoes cannot be used for fries

B．potatoes are really important for Americans

C．eating in America is the very first thing

D．fries are really important for food industry

D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的内容this part of the food industry is no “small potatoes”可知，在美国，炸薯条在食品产业中不是“小土豆”(无足轻重的东西)，由此可推测，炸薯条在食品产业中占有重要的地位。故选D项。

4．What is the main idea of this passage?

A．The average American eats 50 pounds of potatoes a year.

B．French fries are made from potatoes.

C．Potato is a key vegetable in America.

D．The various terms for potatoes have a long history.

C　解析：主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，在美国，土豆可以有多种吃法，尤其是炸薯条，深受人们的欢迎，也因此带来了强大的商业利润，在食品产业中占有重要地位。因此，本文的主旨是，在美国土豆是很重要的蔬菜。故选C项。

二、单句语法填空

1.Ordinary woman though she is， she tries every means to make people aware ___________ the importance of the environment protection.

答案：of

2.We were all ___________ （scare） to death when we found the ground was shaking last night.

答案：scared

3.The performer was waving his stick in the street， and it ___________ （narrow） missed the child standing nearby.

答案：narrowly

4.With economy developing at great speed，our city___________ （witness） quite a few changes in recent years.

答案：has witnessed

5.The country can’t create a better future unless it reflects ___________ history and learns its lessons as well.

答案：on

6.The high cost of___________ （accommodate） makes life difficult for many Chinese students in London.

答案：accommodation

7.___________ （abandon） to playing computer games，Wang Ping has fallen behind the other students in his studies.

答案：Abandoned

8.In 2020 the huge shopping mall will be constructed ___________ there used to be a school many years ago.

答案：where

9.（2019·北京朝阳区重点中学期中）The report urged that all the children ___________ （teach） to swim in case some unexpected things happened.

答案：（should） be taught

10.I was about to do my homework ___________ the lights went out.

答案：when

三、完形填空。

When I was young，I thought that kindness was a beneficial thing.I __1__ that I could just give what I thought others __2__ and I would get a one way ticket to Happyville (快乐小镇). This thought process was __3__ changed when I suffered from clinical depression. __4__ became obvious that what I needed，as everyone did，was just the __5__ to love oneself. Apart from that，I had to learn how to make deeper and more meaningful connections __6__ people.

My struggle with mental health was something that __7__ into a campaign to let every single person know that they __8__ and couldn't be replaced.At high school，it could be __9__ to convey this idea，but I __10__ pursued my passions (激情). The __11__ of my effort were the habits and traditions I had created to help __12__：Every Friday，I went to school with homework treats and __13__ them to those who seemed to need a pick­me­up.I tried to __14__ as many names as I possibly could.I had started a club which gave students a __15__ place to express themselves and learn __16__ to apply empathy(同感，共鸣) in their everyday lives. On my personal social media account, I posted weekly __17__ to inspire both myself and my friends.

When I go off the college this year，I'll be working towards a degree in college.This will help me start a non­profit foundation in the future.My __18__ goal is to prove that the world is not a collection of __19__ problems，but something that can be changed by even the __20__ actions.

1．A.wondered B．figured

C．doubted D．predicted

2．A.wanted B．ignored

C．lost D．ordered

3．A.unfortunately B．totally

C．regularly D．accurately

4．A.It B．They

C．He D．This

5．A.ability B．desire

C．belief D．reason

6．A.for B．with

C．from D．about

7．A.fell B．divided

C．broke D．turned

8．A.mattered B．existed

C．survived D．succeeded

9．A.difficult B．funny

C．different D．perfect

10．A.casually B．briefly

C．firmly D．surely

11．A.difficulty B．purpose

C．fruits D．method

12．A.strangers B．teenagers

C．friends D．families

13．A.led B．lent

C．passed D．limited

14．A.write B．memorize

C．prepare D．recall

15．A.quiet B．important

C．large D．safe

16．A.how B．what

C．where D．when

17．A.discussions B．suggestions

C．experience D．theories

18．A.final B．primary

C．simple D．grand

19．A.complex B．unsolvable

C．unknown D．terrible

20．A.latest B．laziest

C．slowest D．smallest

【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者与抑郁症作斗争的经历使他转变了思想，并用实际行动来帮助青少年和朋友们。他告诉大家，每个人都同样重要并且不可替代。因此我们必须做出行动，因为即使是最小的行动都可以产生影响。

1．B　考查动词辨析。句意为：我以为只要我能给予别人我认为他们想要的东西，我就能得到一张去快乐小镇的单程票。A项意为“想知道”；B项意为“认为，以为”；C项意为“怀疑”；D项意为“预测”。短文第一句说明了作者小时候的想法，即作者认为善良是一件有益的事情，然后接着详细地解释他的想法。B项符合语境。故选B。

2．A　考查动词辨析。A项意为“想要”；B项意为“忽视”；C项意为“丢失”；D项意为“命令，订购”。此处指作者认为给予别人他认为别人需要的东西，他就会快乐。A项符合语境。故选A。

3．B　考查副词辨析。A项意为“不幸地”；B项意为“完全地”；C项意为“定期地”；D项意为“准确地”。由下文可知，因为作者的临床抑郁症，作者以前给予别人想要的东西的想法变成了努力用他的想法去影响别人，改变别人，所以此处表达的是“这个思维过程完全变了”。B项符合语境。故选B。

4．A　考查代词辨析。此处为句型“It becomes/became＋adj.＋that从句”，代词it为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。故选A。

5．A　考查名词辨析。A项意为“能力”；B项意为“渴望”；C项意为“信念”；D项意为“理由”。ability to do sth.表示“做某件事的能力”，根据语境可知，作者所需要的和每个人所需要的一样，就是爱自己的能力。A项符合语境。故选A。

6．B　考查介词辨析。句意为：除了这一点，我必须学会如何与人们建立更深、更有意义的联系。make connection with...是固定短语，表示“与……建立联系”。故选B。

7．D　考查动词短语辨析。各选项所给动词均可与介词into构成固定搭配：fall into意为“跌入”；divide into意为“分成”；break into意为“闯入”；turn into意为“变成”。由上文可知，作者的思维过程改变了，产生了新的想法，因此作者表达的是他在心理健康方面的挣扎变成了一场运动。turn into符合语境。故选D。

8．A　考查动词辨析。A项意为“重要，有关系”；B项意为“存在”；C项意为“幸存”；D项意为“成功”。根据空格后面的“and couldn’t be replaced”可推知，此处表达的是“让每个人都知道他们很重要，无法被替代”。A项符合语境。故选A。

9．A　考查形容词辨析。A项意为“困难的”；B项意为“滑稽的”；C项意为“不同的”；D项意为“完美的”。由转折连词but和第二个分句的内容可知，此处指的是“在高中，很难传递这个想法”。A项符合语境。故选A。

10．C　考查副词辨析。A项意为“随意地”；B项意为“简短地”；C项意为“坚定地”；D项意为“确信地”。根据but表示转折可知，此处应表达“但是我坚定地追随我的激情”。C项符合语境。故选C。

11．C　考查名词辨析。上文提到虽然在学校作者很难传递自己的思想，但是他不放弃，由此可知，作者努力的结果就是他创造了帮助……的习惯和传统。此处fruits表示“结果，成果”，符合语境。故选C。

12．B　考查名词辨析。 ...Every Friday，I went to school with homework treats and ________ them to those who seemed to need a pick­me­up.(第二段第三句)

译文：……每个星期五，我带着作业的奖品来到学校，把它们发给那些似乎需要提神的孩子们。

由关键句可以推断，作者帮助的是那些青少年们。teenager意为“青年，青少年”，符合语境。故选B。

13．C　考查动词辨析。pass sth.to sb.是固定短语，意为“把……传递/分发蛤某人”，此处表达的是作者把带来的作业奖品发给那些需要提神的孩子们。故选C。

14．B　考查动词辨析。A项意为“写”；B项意为“记住”；C项意为“准备”；D项意为“回忆”。由语境可知，作者想帮助青少年，所以他尽可能多地记住他们的名字。故选B。

15．D　考查形容词辨析。作者建立了一个俱乐部，学生们在这里可以表达自己的想法，由此可知这是一个安全的地方，学生们能够畅所欲言。safe意为“安全的”，符合语境。故选D。

16．A　考查连接词辨析。此处为“疑问词＋不定式”结构作宾语。由语境可知，作者想让学生学会如何把表达的情感运用到日常生活中。how意为“怎样，如何”，符合语境。故选A。

17．B　考查名词辨析。A项意为“讨论”；B项意为“建议”；C项意为“经验”；D项意为“理论”。在作者的个人社交网络账号上，作者每周发出的用于激励自己和朋友的帖子应是建议之类的内容。B项符合语境，其余各项均与语境不符。故选B。

18．A　考查形容词辨析。This will help me start a nod­profit foundation in the future.(最后一段第二句)

译文：这将帮助我在将来建立一个非盈利基金会。

由关键句可知，作者一直坚持自己的信仰和做法，那么接着说的就是他的最终目标。final意为“最后的，最终的”，符合语境。故选A。

19．B　考查形容词辨析。A项意为“复杂的”；B项意为“难以解决的”；C项意为“未知的”；D项意为“糟糕的”。由语境可知，作者的最终目标是要证明这个世界不是无法解决的问题的集合体。unsolvable与下文的“can be changed”相衔接且符合语境。故选B。

20．D　考查形容词最高级辨析。A项意为“最新的”；B项意为“最懒的”；C项意为“最慢的”；D项意为“最小的”。由本句中的“even”可知，此处指的是甚至是最小的行动都会改变一些事情。D项符合语境。故选D。

四、单句改错

1.They abandon themselves to drink although they are drivers， which is very dangerous both to them and the passengers.___________　

推进一带一路建设既要答案：drink→drinking

2.I often miss my childhood. It was a time that I spent almost each day without worries.___________ 　

教师名言答案：that→when

教师评语小学3.I still remember taken to Paris when I was ten.___________

答案：taken前加being

4.A truck came in an opposite direction of the car， so the car driver made a sharply turn.___________

答案：sharply→sharp

5.The passengers had a good chat with the college students helped out as conductors during the summer vacation.___________

答案：helped→helping

数学试卷讲评教案五、单元语法——v.­ing的被动语态

教学质量综合测评1.（2019·四川成都一诊）___________ （offer） the opportunity to speak at the graduation ceremony made him overjoyed.

答案：Being offered

摆渡自己的阅读及答案2.He arrived home just in time to witness his brother ___________ （take） away by the police.

机械能及其转化教学反思答案：being taken

数学函数怎么学3.Not ___________ （invite） to the party，Joan was greatly hurt.

机器人教学存在的问题答案：having been invited

李政化学口诀总结4.You are so dependent that I’m afraid you can’t adjust yourself to ___________ （leave） alone for a time.

答案：being left

5.The building ___________ （build） now will be used as our reading room.

答案：being built