温家宝总理2010年答中外记者问

From The People's Republic of China Ministry of Foreign Affairs Website

来自中华人民共和国外交部网站

2010年3月14日上午，十一届全国人大三次会议在人民大会堂举行记者会，国务院总理温家宝应大会发言人李肇星的邀请会见中外记者，并回答记者提问。

On the morning of 14 March 2010, a press conference of the Third Session of the Eleventh National People's Congress was held in the Great Hall of the People. At the invitation of Mr. Li Zhaoxing, spokesman of the NPC Session, Mr. Wen Jiabao, Premier of the State Council, met journalists from home and abroad and answered their questions.

温家宝说：记者朋友们，大家好。过去的两年我们是在极其困难条件下走过来的。人民用坚实的步伐走过了不平坦的道路，这将会在历史上留下印迹。今后几年，道路依然不平坦，甚至充满荆棘。我们应该记住这样一条古训：行百里者半九十。不可有任何松懈、麻痹和动摇。同时我们要坚定信心。华山再高，顶有过路。解决困难唯一的办法、出路和希望，在于我们自己的努力。我深深爱着我的国家。没有一片土地让我这样深情和激动，没有一条河流让我这样沉思和起伏。亦余心之所善兮，虽九死其犹未悔。我将以此明志，做好今后三年的工作。

Premier Wen Jiabao's opening remarks: Good morning, friends of the press. The Chinese people have encountered extreme difficulties in the past two years, and have traveled an extraordinary journey with solid steps. This will leave an imprint in the annals of history. The road ahead will not be smooth. It may even be filled with difficulties and challenges. We must always remember the adage that "For a journey of 100 miles, 90 miles should only be considered half the distance". We must never slacken our efforts or waver in our resolve. And we must reinforce our confidence. "However high the mountain may be, one can always ascend to its top". In the face of difficulties, our only answer, only solution and only hope lie in our own hard work. I have deep love for my country. There is no land on Earth that can arouse such passion and excitement in me; there is no river in the world that can trigger so many thoughts and reflections. "For the ideal that I hold dear to my heart, I will not regret even a thousand deaths." This will be my guiding principle in my work during the next three years.

英国《金融时报》记者：我想问一个有关中国货币政策的问题。现在中国经济发展速度很快，中国经济迅速实现企稳回升，中国的通货膨胀也在上涨，几乎已经达到了您在政府工作报告中定下的今年通胀保持在3%左右的目标。不管外界给中国什么样的压力或者对中国的货币政策作出什么评论，我想问，让人民币升值难道不是符合中国自身利益的一件事吗？

Financial Times: I'd like to ask a question about China's currency policy. The economy is now growing very strongly in China. You've recovered very quickly. And the inflation is now rising almost close to the 3% target you set for the year. So regardless of pressure and comments from other countries, isn't it now in China's interest to begin appreciating your currency?

温家宝：第一，我认为人民币的币值没有低估。让我们看一组数据：我们统计了去年37个国家对中国的出口情况，其中有16个国家对中国的出口是增长的。就是欧盟地区，出口总体下降20.3%，但是对中国的出口只下降1.53%。我举一个德国的例子，那就是去年德国对中国的出口多达760亿欧元，创历史最高。美国去年出口下降17%，但是对中国的出口仅下降0.22%。中国已经成为周边国家包括日本、韩国的主要出口市场，也成为欧美的重要出口市场。

Premier: First I don't think the RMB is undervalued. Let's take a look at a set of figures here. We did a survey on the exports of 37 countries to China last year. Sixteen out of the 37 countries saw an increase in their exports to China. The European Union's total exports dropped by 20.3%, yet its exports to China only fell by 1.53%. Germany's exports to China reached a record high of €76 billion. Exports by the United States dropped by 17%, but its exports to China only declined by 0.22%. China has become a major export market for its neighboring countries, including Japan and the ROK. It is also an important export market for European countries and the United States.

第二，在国际金融危机爆发和蔓延期间，人民币汇率保持基本稳定对世界经济复苏作出了重要贡献。人民币汇率形成机制改革是从2005年7月份开始的，到现在人民币的币值对美元升值21%，实际有效汇率升值16%。我这里特别强调指出，2008年7月到2009年2月，也就是世界经济极为困难的时期，人民币并没有贬值，而实际有效汇率升值14.5%。在这期间，2009年，我们的外贸出口下降了16%，但是进口只降低了11%，顺差减少了1020亿美元。人民币汇率在国际金融危机蔓延中基本稳定，对世界经济复苏起了促进作用

Second, we have kept the RMB exchange rate at a basically stable level since the outbreak of the international financial crisis. This has played an important role in facilitating the global economic recovery. We started the reform in the RMB exchange rate regime in July 2005. And since then the RMB has appreciated by 21% against the US dollar. The real effective exchange rate of the RMB rose by 16%. Here I would like to point out that between July 2008 and February 2009 when the world economy was in the midst of grave difficulties, we did not devalue the RMB. Actually the real effective RMB exchange rate rose by 14.5%. In 2009, our exports dropped by 16%, but our imports only declined by 11%. China's trade surplus thus declined by US$102 billion. A basically stable RMB exchange rate in the midst of the international financial crisis has contributed to the recovery of the global economy.

第三，一国的汇率形成机制是由一国的经济决定的，汇率的变动也是由经济的综合情况决定的。我们主张自由贸易，因为自由贸易不仅使经济像活水一样流动，而且给人们带来福祉与和平。我们反对各国之间相互指责，甚至用强制的办法来迫使一国的汇率升值，因为这样做不利于人民币汇率的改革。在贸易问题上，我们主张协商，通过平等协商总会找到共赢或者多赢的渠道

Third, a country's exchange rate mechanism is determined by its economic conditions. And any change in the exchange rate policy is a response to the overall economic situation of the country. We call for free trade, because free trade helps keep the economy going like flowing water and brings benefits and peace to the people. We are opposed to the practice of mutual finger-pointing between countries, or even taking strong measures to force another country to appreciate its currency, because such practice is not in the interest of the reform of the RMB exchange rate regime. On trade issues, we have always maintained that trade disputes should be resolved through consultations. And we believe that equal consultations will always lead to a win-win or all-win solution.

第四，人民币将继续坚持以市场供求为基础、有管理的浮动汇率制度，我们将进一步推进人民币汇率形成机制的改革，保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定。

Fourth, we will continue to implement a managed floating exchange rate regime based on market supply and demand. We will continue to reform the RMB exchange rate regime and keep the RMB exchange rate basically stable at an appropriate and balanced level.

新华社记者：国际货币基金组织不久前对今明两年世界经济和中国经济的发展都作出了比较乐观的预测，但是不少经济学家却认为世界经济和中国经济的发展都存在二次探底的风险，甚至认为这种风险不可避免。您在刚刚通过的政府工作报告中也用“极为复杂”四个字形容今年我们面对的形势，您怎么看舆论的这种担心？中国经济将如何避免出现二次探底的情况？经济的形势“极为复杂”，复杂在哪里？

Xinhua News Agency: The International Monetary Fund has made quite optimistic forecasts of the world economy and China's economy for this year and the next. However, some economists believe that both the world economy and China's economy face the risk of a double-dip. They even hold the view that a double-dip is unavoidable. You said in your report on the work of the government that this year will be a very complex year for the Chinese economy. I would like to get your perspective on the worries of the public. What will the Chinese government do to avert the risk of a double-dip? And why is this year going to be a very complex year for China?

温家宝：形势复杂，复杂在不确定因素多。我认为，虽然世界经济出现整体复苏的形势，但世界经济的主要矛盾和问题并没有完全消除。一些主要经济体失业率居高不下，一些国家主权债务危机还在暴露，金融和财政还存在风险，大宗商品和主要货币的汇率不稳定，由于通胀的预期而使一些国家在政策的选择上产生困难，这些都有可能使经济复苏的形势出现反复，甚至二次探底。

Premier: This year is going to be a very complex year for the Chinese economy, because we still face a lot of uncertainties. I believe in spite of the overall recovery in the world economy, the major challenges and problems in the global economy have yet to be fully addressed. The unemployment rates in some major economies have been hovering at a high level. Some countries have witnessed the outbreak of sovereign debt crisis. There are still risks in the financial sector and public finance. Prices of bulk commodities on international markets and exchange rates of major currencies are not yet stable. As a result of inflation expectations, some countries are facing difficulties in making policy decisions. All these may cause setbacks in the global economic recovery and may even lead to a double-dip.

　 中国的经济离不开世界。我们虽然出现了经济的企稳回升，但是我们许多企业的经营状况还没有根本好转，它们主要靠政策的支撑。It is impossible for China to develop its economy out of the context of broader international economy. It is true that the Chinese economy has stabilized and is turning for the better, but I shall also point out that there has not yet been a fundamental improvement in the operations of many Chinese businesses, which mainly rely on government policy support.

国际金融危机对中国经济的冲击在一定程度上讲，是对我们经济结构和发展方式的冲击，而调整结构和转变发展方式不是一个短期的过程，要作艰苦的努力。我们必须坚持把转变发展方式、调整结构放在重要位置，改变中国经济发展的不平衡、不协调和不可持续的问题。

The impact of the international financial crisis on the Chinese economy is, to a certain extent, the impact on our economic structure and growth pattern. We cannot expect to complete the arduous task of economic restructuring and changing the growth pattern in a short span of time. We must make long and hard efforts. We will continue to give priority to transforming the growth pattern and economic restructuring and thereby address such problems as the lack of balance, coordination and sustainability in the Chinese economy.

中国经济今年必须处理好保持经济平稳较快发展、调整结构和管理好通胀预期三者的关系，走出一条光明的路子。只有这样，才可能避免二次探底。

This year we will work to maintain fast and steady economic growth, and at the same time restructure our economic structure and manage inflation expectations, thus ushering in a bright future for the Chinese economy. And only in this way can we avert the risk of a double-dip.

美国《新闻周刊》记者：有美国官员、分析家以及媒体认为，在去年12月举行的哥本哈根气候大会上，中国代表团表现傲慢，温家宝总理您本人甚至拒绝参加一个包括美国总统奥巴马在内的若干国家元首或首脑参加的重要会议，这令与会各方感到失望和吃惊。您对此作何回应？您如何看待哥本哈根进程？

Newsweek Magazine: According to media reports, some American officials and analysts say that the Chinese delegation, the representatives at Copenhagen, the Climate Change Summit in December, were perceived as arrogant, and that you, Mr. Premier, your decision not to attend the key meeting there even though other heads of state, including President Barack Obama, were in attendance at the meeting was a reason for disappointment and surprise by some of the other participants. What is your response to this and how did the proceedings in Copenhagen look from your perspective?

温家宝：中国有一句古语：人或加讪，心无疵兮。但毕竟你还给了我一个澄清真相的机会，因此，我首先应该感谢你。去年12月17号，也就是在哥本哈根领导人大会前一天晚上，丹麦女王为各国领导人举行宴会，就在那次宴会上，我从一位欧洲国家领导人那里知道当天晚上有一个少数国家参加的会议，她给我拿出了一个单子，上面赫然有中国的名字。我感到震惊，因为我没有接到任何通知。就在这时，一位新兴大国的领导人主动约见我，说有紧急的事情要和我谈。他告诉我，他从一位欧洲国家领导人那里得到通知，说当天晚上有一个会议。我对他讲，我没有得到通知。回到驻地，我紧急召集中方人员进行查询，确实我们代表团没有接到通知

Premier: As a Chinese proverb goes, "My conscience stays untainted in spite of the rumors and slanders from the outside." But I want to thank you for giving me an opportunity to clear up what really happened in Copenhagen. On the evening of 17 December last year, the evening before the start of the high-level segment of the Copenhagen Conference, the Queen of Denmark hosted a banquet for the participating leaders of the Copenhagen Conference. At the banquet, I learned from the leader of a European country that there would be a small group leader's meeting after the banquet. I was shown a list of the invited countries and the list had the name China on it. I felt shocked because I had not received any notification about this meeting. It was at this moment that the leader of a big emerging country sent his staff to me, telling me that his leader wanted to talk to me for an urgent matter. The leader told me that he had just received a notice about this small group leaders' meeting from the leader of a European country. I told him that I had not received any notification. Upon returning to my hotel, I immediately called members of the Chinese delegation to a meeting to check what had really happened. I learned that indeed the Chinese delegation had not received any notification of this meeting.

在这种情况下，我决定：第一，向大会秘书处质询。第二，请杨外长给美国国务卿克林顿打电话告诉真相。第三，即使没有接到通知，我们也仍然派外交部副部长何亚非与会。我想在这里说明，那时奥巴马总统还没有抵达哥本哈根。何亚非副部长到达会场，首先代表中国政府代表团表示抗议，并且说“我是不请而来的”。为什么不通知中国？至今没有人向我们做任何解释，至今在我的脑子里还是一个谜团。

Under such circumstances, I decided, first, we would inquire of the secretariat of the conference for the accurate information. Second, I asked Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi to call US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton to tell her the real situation. And third, I decided that although the Chinese delegation had not received any notification, I would still send Vice Foreign Minister He Yafei to the meeting. Let me tell you that President Obama had not yet arrived in Copenhagen by that time. Upon arriving at the meeting, Vice Foreign Minister He Yafei voiced a protest on behalf of the Chinese delegation and he said, "I have come to this meeting uninvited." Why was China not notified of this meeting? Up until today, no one has given us any explanation and it still is a mystery to me.

在哥本哈根60个小时，我几乎没有休息。我会见了德、英、日等国的领导人，会见了印度、巴西等国的领导人，会见了77国集团、非盟以及小岛国的代表。我两次会见奥巴马总统，而且进行了长时间的会谈。我还会见了联合国秘书长和东道主丹麦首相。中国政府代表团所做的大量工作是有目共睹的。在哥本哈根会议遇到困难、许多国家领导人准备“打道回府”的时候，我们坚持同各方斡旋，与各国共同努力，最终达成了《哥本哈根协议》。这个成果是来之不易的，也是在涉及各国重大利益问题上可能取得的最好成果

In the sixty hours that I spent at Copenhagen, I had little time for rest. As you may know, I held meetings with leaders of Germany, the UK and Japan. I met with leaders of India and Brazil. I also held meetings with representatives of the G77 and AU and leaders of some small island countries. I met US President Obama twice, and we had long conversations. I also had meetings with the UN Secretary-General and Prime Minister of the host country, Denmark. The Chinese delegation put in a large amount of efforts at the Copenhagen conference, and our efforts were widely recognized. I did not give up the efforts and continued with consultations with leaders from other countries when the Copenhagen conference ran into difficulty and leaders of some delegations were even getting prepared to leave Copenhagen. China worked with other countries attending the conference and, with joint efforts, we made possible the Copenhagen Accord. This achievement has not come easily. It is the best outcome that could be achieved on an issue that concerns the major interests of all countries.

哥本哈根会议结束以后，1月份我就致函联合国秘书长和丹麦首相，坚定地表示，中国高度评价和支持《哥本哈根协议》。就在最近，我们又致函联合国，表示全面支持《哥本哈根协议》的立场，并且同意将中国列入支持《哥本哈根协议》的国家名单。

After the Copenhagen conference, I wrote letters to the UN Secretary-General and Danish Prime Minister respectively last January, stating in clear-cut terms that China highly commends and supports the Copenhagen Accord. Not long ago, China once again wrote to the UN, stating that China fully supports the Copenhagen Accord and confirming that China can be included in the list of countries supporting the Copenhagen Accord.

为什么总拿中国做文章？我至今不明白。气候变化问题关系到人类的生存，也关系各国的利益，关系世界的公平和正义。我们坚持“共同但有区别的责任”原则是完全正确的，我们将继续同世界各国一道推进应对气候变化的进程。

It still baffles me why some people keep trying to make an issue about China. The issue of climate change concerns human survival, the interests of all countries and equity and justice in the world. We are fully justified to stick to the principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities". And China will continue to work with other countries to advance the international efforts in tackling climate change.

台湾《联合报》记者：想请教您有关商签两岸经济合作框架协议的问题。您两会之前和网民交流的时候提到说在商签两岸经济合作框架协议的时候，考虑到两岸经济规模的差异，还有台湾中小企业以及农民的利益，大陆这边可以让利。那能不能请您向我们透露一下大陆让利的实质内涵是什么？您认为今年6月两岸可以签署ECFA吗？去年您在这里有一段温馨的谈话，您说想到台湾去看一看，如果两岸签了ECFA后对您到台湾走走看看会不会创造更好的条件？

Taiwan-based United Daily News: My question is about the negotiation and signing of Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA) between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits. You said during your online chat with internet users before the two sessions this year that given the different sizes of the economy of the two sides and taking into account the interests of small and medium-sized businesses and farmers in Taiwan, the mainland would be prepared to let people in Taiwan benefit more from ECFA. I wonder if you can elaborate on what you mean by letting Taiwan benefit more from ECFA. Do you think ECFA can be signed in June this year? Last year at the press conference you made some heart-warming remarks, saying that you wanted very much to visit Taiwan one day. I wonder if the signing of ECFA will help foster more favorable conditions for you to make a trip to Taiwan.

温家宝：两岸正在商签的经济合作框架协议是一个综合性的、具有两岸特色的协议。商签这个协议应该把握好三个原则：第一，平等协商；第二，互利双赢；第三，彼此照顾对方的关切。我确实讲过，在商签协议时要充分考虑两岸经济规模和市场条件的不同，关心台湾中小企业和广大基层民众的利益，特别要照顾台湾农民的利益。

Premier: The Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits is a comprehensive document that reflects the characteristics of both sides of the Straits. In negotiating such an agreement, it is important to abide by the following three principles: first, equal consultations; second, mutual benefit and win-win progress; and third, accommodation of each other's concerns.

我也确实讲过，要让利给台湾。这种让利，比如关税减免可通过“早期收获”实现。另外，也要做出让台湾农民放心的事情。但是，我看到台湾的报纸，很大的篇幅报道温总理关于让利的论述。可是我在在线访谈时讲了两句话，后面还有一句话“因为我们是兄弟”，这句话就鲜有报道。我知道商签协议是一个复杂的过程，但是正因为我们是兄弟，“兄弟虽有小忿，不废懿亲”，问题总是可以解决的。

I did say that in negotiating such an agreement, full consideration will be given to the different sizes of the economy and market conditions of the two sides of the Straits. We will care for the interests of small and medium-sized businesses and ordinary people in Taiwan. In particular, we will accommodate the interests of farmers in Taiwan. I also said that we will let the people in Taiwan benefit more from ECFA. For example, there can be tariff concessions through the "early harvest" program. Efforts will be made to help reassure the farmers in Taiwan. I have noticed that there has been a lot of coverage about my remarks on letting Taiwan benefit more from ECFA in the news media of Taiwan. But I have seen little coverage of the following remarks that I made in my online discussion, that is, "because we are brothers". I understand the negotiations may be a complex process. But as the saying goes, "differences between brothers cannot sever their blood ties". I believe that as brothers, we will eventually solve the problems.

我去台湾的愿望依旧是那么强烈，因为我认为中华民族5000年的文化，具有强大的震撼力和凝聚力，不要因为50年的政治而丢掉5000年的文化。我讲一个故事你可以告诉台湾同胞。在元朝有一位画家叫黄公望，他画了一幅著名的《富春山居图》，79岁才开始创作，完成之后不久就去世了。几百年来，这幅画辗转流失，但我知道，现在一半放在杭州博物馆，一半放在台北故宫博物院，我希望两半幅画什么时候能合成一整幅画。画是如此，人何以堪。谢谢你，向台湾同胞问好。

My wish to visit Taiwan is as strong as ever. Because in my view, the five-thousand-year culture of the Chinese nation has strong appeal and cohesiveness. I don't think that one should abandon the five-thousand-year culture just because of politics in the past 50 years. Let me tell a story here and I hope that you will bring the story to the people in Taiwan too. There was a painter by the name of Huang Gongwang in Yuan Dynasty in China, and he had a famous painting of Fuchun Mountain. He started the painting at the age of 79, and he passed away shortly after he completed the painting. For hundreds of years, this painting changed hands a lot of times. But I know that now half of this painting is kept in the museum in Hangzhou and the other half in the palace museum in Taiwan. I hope that one day the two parts of the painting will be put together again, and I cherish the same wish not only for the painting but also for people on both sides of the Straits. Thank you. Please convey my greetings to the compatriots in Taiwan.

《人民日报》记者：刚才总理在回答问题时提到了，国家与国家之间应实行自由贸易，我们也知道当前中国已经成为世界第一出口大国。我们也留意到，近期一段时间以来，针对中国的贸易保护主义措施明显增多，尤其是中国和美国之间的贸易摩擦日渐增多起来。有评论指出，贸易保护主义对当前的世界经济复苏产生了较大影响。请问总理，中国政府如何看待这一问题？

People's Daily: Just now you said China stands for free trade. We know that China has become the biggest exporting country in the world. However, recently, there have been rising trade protectionist measures against China. And we have seen increasing trade frictions between China and the United States. Some say that trade protectionism has affected, in a serious way, recovery in the global economy. What is the view of the Chinese government on this issue?

温家宝：我是自由贸易的坚定支持者。我方才已经讲了，自由贸易不仅会促进世界经济的发展，而且会促进世界的和谐，还能改善和提高人们的生活。我对有些国家要提高出口的比重予以理解，但是我所不解的是，他们为了提高本国的出口而贬低本国的币值，反过来又企图用施压的办法来强迫别国的货币升值。我以为这种做法是一种贸易保护主义的做法。随着国际金融危机的蔓延和加深，贸易保护主义不是减轻了，而是加重了，这应该引起全世界各国的警觉。我们将采取措施，扩大进口。去年在最困难的时候，我们向欧美派出多批采购团。我们还要努力实现国际收支基本平衡。我相信，自由贸易会给应对危机、经济复苏带来有力的推动力量。当前，最重要的是要推进多哈回合的谈判，使多哈回合谈判能够取得公正、平衡的结果，建立一个合理的贸易秩序。

Premier: I am a staunch supporter of free trade. As I said, I believe free trade can not only promote the growth of the world economy, but also promote harmony in the world and improve people's livelihood. I understand that some countries want to increase their exports. What I don't understand is the practice of depreciating one's own currency and attempting to press other countries to appreciate their currencies in order to increase one's own exports. This is trade protectionism. As the financial crisis spreads far and wide, trade protectionism has not dissipated, rather, it has got worse. This should arouse the attention of all countries. We will continue to take measures to increase our imports. Last year, when the economic situation was most difficult, we sent several procurement missions to European countries and the United States. We will make every effort to achieve basic equilibrium in our balance of international payments. I believe that free trade will give a strong impetus to the effort to counter the financial crisis and promote global economic recovery. What's most important now is to advance the Doha Round negotiations. And we must work for the establishment of a fair international trading order by bringing the Doha Round negotiations to a reasonable and balanced conclusion.

我真诚希望美欧承认中国的市场经济地位，并且放开高科技产品对中国的出口限制，这有利于贸易的平衡。在这里我愿意给记者们介绍一个你们不甚熟悉的情况，那就是中国的贸易总量虽然很大，但50%是加工贸易，60%是外企或与外资合作企业的出口贸易。如果有的国家对中国采取限制措施，也无异于打击了你们本国的企业。

I sincerely hope that Europe and the United States will recognize China's market economy status and lift restrictions on high-tech exports to China, because that will help promote trade balance. Here let me tell you something which you may not be very familiar with. It is true that China has a big trade volume. But 50% of the trade is processing trade. And 60% of China's exports are made by foreign funded businesses or joint ventures. Therefore, to apply restrictions on China is tantamount to causing difficulty for their own businesses.

德新社记者：大国也应该承担更多的责任。中国现在正在崛起，国际社会期待中国在应对全球挑战以及政治、安全、经济等领域的问题上发挥领导作用。我们了解，在中国政府内部也在就该问题进行着积极的讨论。我想了解，中国是否有这个能力以及意愿在国际舞台发挥更大的作用？

DPA: With great power comes great responsibility. And so with China's rise, the world is increasingly looking for leadership from China to solve global challenges or economic and security or political problems. So, I know there is a lot of debate in your government about this. Is China capable and also willing to play a greater role on the world stage?

温家宝：你的问题问得还是比较平和的。实际上现在在舆论上，已经出现了“中国傲慢论”、“中国强硬论”、“中国必胜论”的观点。你给了我一个机会阐述一下我们是如何看待自己的。

Premier: I can see that you have put your question in a quite mild way. I know that there have been media reports which say that China has got more arrogant and tough. And some have put forward the so-called theory of China's triumphalism. You have given me an opportunity to explain how China sees itself.

第一，中国这些年经济虽然发展很快，但是由于城乡不平衡、地区不平衡，再加上人口多、底子薄，我们确实还处于发展的初级阶段。前不久，为了征求群众对政府工作报告的意见，我到离北京只有150公里的滦平县。我看到那里的群众虽然这些年来生产生活条件有所改变，但依然与北京有很大的差距。这个村子我已经去了三次，分别是2000年、2005年和2010年。我经常劝记者多到中国的农村和中西部地区看看，你到那里看看就知道上海和北京的发展不能代表整个中国。我们要实现小康目标还需要做出艰苦的努力；要建成一个中等发达的国家，至少要到本世纪中期；要真正实现现代化，还要上百年以至更长时间。

First, it is true that China has made remarkable progress in its economic development in recent years. But China is still a country with a big population, weak economic foundation and uneven regional and urban-rural development. China is still at the primary stage of development. Not long ago, in order to solicit public opinions on the report on the work of the government, I paid a visit to the county of Luanping, which is only 150 kilometers away from Beijing. In spite of some improvement in the working and living conditions of the people there, I still saw a big gap between the living standards of people in that county and people in Beijing. I have visited the Luanping County three times – in 2000, 2005 and 2010. I have often encouraged journalists to visit China's rural areas and China's central and western regions. Because I believe if you visit those places, you will come to recognize that the development in Shanghai and Beijing can in no way represent the entire situation in China. We still need to make strenuous efforts if we are to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects. And we will have to work very hard till at least the middle of this century to make China a medium-developed country. It will take 100 years and even longer for us to achieve true modernization.

第二，中国坚持走和平发展的道路。中国的发展不会影响任何国家，中国不发达的时候不称霸，中国即使发达了，也不称霸，永远不称霸！

Second, China is firmly committed to peaceful development. China's development will not have a negative impact on any country. China does not seek hegemony now, nor will it ever do so in the future, even when it becomes a developed country.

第三，在涉及中国主权和领土完整的重大问题上，即使是在很穷的时候，我们也是铮铮铁骨。

Third, China has been steadfast in upholding its sovereignty and territorial integrity, even when it was a very poor country.

第四，中国是个负责任的国家，中国主张并积极参与国际合作，解决当前国际经济和政治的重大问题。中国对不发达国家实行的援助是不附加任何条件的。 这四点就是我们中国对外政策的基本立场。

Fourth, China is a responsible country. China has called for and taken an active part in international cooperation to address the major economic and political issues in our world. We have provided assistance with no strings attached to the underdeveloped countries. These four points together constitute the basic position underlying China's foreign policy.

香港《星岛日报》记者：香港经济现在正在从国际金融危机的低谷中走出来。您去年曾说过要更好地解决一些香港的深层次问题。您可否详细跟我们说一下这些矛盾是什么？对我们解决这些矛盾有什么建议？国家正在编订第十二个五年规划，能否谈谈香港在这个规划中将扮演怎样的角色？另外，总理这几年非常忙碌，很多人都很关心您的身体健康，能说说您是如何一直保持旺盛工作精力的吗？

Sing Tao Daily of Hong Kong: Hong Kong's economy is recovering from the international financial crisis. You once remarked that greater efforts should be made to address the underlying problems in Hong Kong. What are those underlying problems and what advice would you give in addressing problems and challenges. Secondly, the central government is formulating the 12th five-year plan for China's economic and social development. What role will Hong Kong play in the 12th five-year plan? Last question, you have been very busy over the years and many people have expressed concern for your health. Could you let me know how you have always kept strong vigor and vitality in your work?

温家宝：我以为香港在经济上面临的深层次问题：第一，如何发挥已有的优势，继续保持和发展香港的国际金融中心、航运中心和贸易中心的地位。第二，如何结合香港的特点发展优势产业，特别是服务业。第三，要利用香港毗邻内地的优势，进一步加强香港与珠三角的联系。内地的广阔市场、内地经济的迅速发展是香港今后发展的潜力所在。第四，香港人民要包容共济、凝聚共识、团结一致，保持香港的繁荣稳定。香港今后不仅会在经济上还有很大的发展，而且还会按照基本法的规定循序渐进地发展民主政治。第五，还有两点不要忽视，一是注重改善民生；二是发展教育。

Premier: Talking about the underlying challenges and problems in Hong Kong's economic development, I believe, first, it is important to give further play to Hong Kong's advantages and strengths and maintain and further develop the status of Hong Kong as an international financial, shipping and trade center. Second, it is important to develop industries where Hong Kong has comparative advantage, in particular the service sector, in keeping with Hong Kong's unique features. Third, it is important to make full use of Hong Kong's geographic advantage of being close to the mainland and to further strengthen the ties between Hong Kong and the Pearl River Delta region. I believe the vast market and rapid economic development on China's mainland will be a strong source of potential for Hong Kong's future development.

Fourth, I believe people in Hong Kong should be inclusive and stick together in tackling challenges. It is important for Hong Kong compatriots to build consensus and stay united in a joint effort to maintain Hong Kong's prosperity and stability. Hong Kong will not only enjoy great development on the economic front in the future, but also make gradual progress in promoting democracy in accordance with the Basic Law. Fifth, we must not overlook the following two things. First, we should make every effort to improve people's livelihood, and second, we should develop education.

至于中国的“十二五”规划主要是编制内地的规划，当然我们在编制规划过程中会考虑香港与内地的紧密经济联系，特别是与“珠三角”地区的联系。我们编制规划会充分征求香港各界的意见。

As to the 12th five-year plan, it is mainly about economic and social development of the mainland. We will certainly take into account the close economic ties between Hong Kong and the mainland, particularly between Hong Kong and the Pearl River Delta region in formulating the plan. And we will fully solicit the views of the people from various sectors in Hong Kong.

　至于我的身体，大家会看到，我还是有着充沛精力的。虽然我是一个基本没有节假日的人，但我还是喜欢锻炼的，无论是散步还是游泳，都使自己的身心能够放松，以保持旺盛的精力来对付繁重的工作。

As regards my health conditions, I am sure you can see that I am full of energy. I do not have the luxury of many holidays or weekends, but I do like exercise, e.g. taking a walk or swimming. It helps me relax and gives me vigor and vitality in the face of a heavy work schedule.

谢谢你，向香港同胞问好。Thank you. Please convey my greetings to Hong Kong compatriots.

美国《华尔街日报》记者：最近有一些外国企业抱怨说目前中国的外商投资环境不如以前友好，最近谷歌表示要退出中国市场，去年中国逮捕力拓公司4名员工也引起了担忧。总理，您对这两个事件有什么看法呢？将来中国会采取什么样的措施让外国企业放心？

Wall Street Journal: We have heard some complaints from foreign businesses operating in China that the foreign investment environment in China is not as good as it was before. Recently, Google has threatened to pull out of the Chinese market, and last year four employees of Rio Tinto were arrested. That has become a source of concern for foreign businesses. I wonder what is the perspective of the Chinese government on these issues and what steps will the Chinese government take to make foreign businesses feel reassured about doing business in China.

温家宝：其实你说的情况和每年大量的外资进入中国的实际并不符合。但是，我还是愿意回答你的问题。

Premier: I don't think the situation that you described in your question accords with the reality, that is, there is a large inflow of foreign capital into China every year. But I am still willing to answer your question.

中国将坚定不移地实行对外开放的方针，欢迎外国企业到中国依法经营。我们不仅要大力引进外资，还要特别重视引进外国的技术、管理方法。我希望跨国公司的研发机构更多地建立在中国，这样可以提高外资使用的效益和质量。

China will unswervingly pursue the policy of opening up to the outside world. Foreign enterprises are welcome to come to China to establish businesses according to law. We will vigorously bring in foreign capital and at the same time we will give high priority to bringing in foreign technologies and managerial expertise. I hope multinational corporations will build more R&D centers in China so that we will be able to raise the quality and efficiency in using foreign capital.

我们要从法律上为跨国公司在中国的经营创造一个公平的环境，而且使跨国公司能够享受同中国企业一样的国民待遇。比如，在应对金融危机中，我们实行了许多刺激经济的政策，家电下乡、汽车以旧换新，我们都采取公开招标的办法。参加招标的既有内资企业，也有跨国公司，也有台商和港商。如果说有什么缺点的话，那就是我同外商的接触还不够紧密。在我今后三年的工作当中，力求能多增加一些同外商接触的机会，使你们更好地了解中国的政策，同时我也愿意听取你们对中国吸引外资的意见。

We will foster a legal environment that enables multinational corporations to operate on a level-playing ground and enjoy national treatment as the local businesses in China. To give you an example, we have introduced a series of stimulus measures to tackle the financial crisis. They include the program of subsidizing the sale of home appliances in the rural areas and the trade-in of second-hand automobiles with new ones. In implementing these programs, we have conducted public tendering. Those who have participated in the tendering include businesses from the mainland, Hong Kong and Taiwan as well as multinational corporations.

If there is anything that we are falling short of, I would say that I am still not in very close touch with foreign businessmen in China. So in the next three years in my work, I will seek more opportunities to have interactions with the foreign businessmen in China so that I will help them better understand China's policies and will listen to their views on China's efforts to introduce more foreign investment.

中央电视台记者：请问总理关于宏观经济政策走向的问题。根据官方的数字，去年新增的贷款投放量是9.6万亿，全社会的固定资产投资增长30%，部分大城市的房价居高不下。因此有人担心出现经济泡沫。请问总理，您有这个担心吗？在考虑通胀预期的前提下，我们应对国际金融危机采取的一系列经济刺激政策有退出或者部分退出的可能性吗？

CCTV: My questions are related to China's macroeconomic policy. According to the official statistics, the issuance of loans increased by RMB9.6 trillion yuan last year, investment in fixed assets rose by 30% and housing prices in some big cities hovered at a very high level. Some are concerned that all these will mean bubbles in the Chinese economy. I wonder if you have the same concern for the Chinese economy. And in response to the inflation expectations, is it possible for the Chinese government to contemplate withdrawing or withdrawing in part the stimulus measures?

温家宝：你提到一个让我感到非常担心的问题。我曾经讲过，如果发生通货膨胀，再加上收入分配不公，以及贪污腐败，足以影响社会的稳定，甚至政权的巩固。处理好经济发展、调整结构和管好通胀预期这三者的关系，是一件非常困难的事情。方才我说我们可以走出一条光明的路，这是很难实现的，但却必须实现。

Premier: You have raised a question that is indeed a cause of concern for me too. I once said inflation, if it happens, plus unfair income distribution and corruption, will affect our social stability and even the stability of state power. It is indeed a challenging job for us to ensure economic growth, adjust the economic structure and manage inflation expectations all at the same time. As I said earlier, we will usher in a bright future. We face a difficult task, but we must achieve our goal.

我们必须注意三点：第一，货币政策。货币政策就是要保持流动性合理充裕，保持利率的合理水平，同时管理好通胀预期，处理好这三个问题是货币政策的精髓。

We will give full consideration to the following three points. First, with regard to the monetary policy, it is important for us to maintain appropriate and sufficient liquidity, keep our interest rate at a reasonable level and manage inflation expectations. If we can do these three things well, we will have a good grasp of the essence of the monetary policy.

第二，高度重视农业，千方百计使今年农业有一个好收成。农业不仅是整个经济的命脉，而且就今年来讲，关系经济的平稳较快发展，关系是否能够管好通胀预期。从这个意义上讲，农业的好坏起着决定性作用。

Second, we must give high priority to agriculture. We should do everything possible to ensure a bumper harvest this year. Agriculture is the lifeline of the entire economy and it is essential to our effort to maintain fast yet steady economic growth and manage inflation expectations this year. In this sense, agriculture is the decisive factor.

第三，我们必须保持政策的连续性和稳定性，也就是说要继续实行积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，以巩固来之不易的经济企稳回升的好形势。如果经济再出现反复的话，那么带来的损失就太大了。但同时，我们要根据形势的变化增强政策的针对性和灵活性，把握好政策的方向、力度和重点。

Third, we will maintain the continuity and stability of our policies. We will continue to pursue a proactive fiscal policy and moderately easy monetary policy so as to consolidate the hard-won good momentum in the stabilization and turnaround of the Chinese economy. Should there be new setbacks in our economy, the cost will be too high. At the same time, we will make our policies more flexible and better targeted in keeping with the changing circumstances and maintain the appropriate direction, intensity and focus of our policy measures.

　我们必须密切关注今年国内外经济形势的走向，因时而动，就是说“时进则进，时退则退，动静不失其时”。这需要十分谨慎和灵活。我相信明年的记者招待会我还是满面笑容地来对待你。

We must watch very closely the developments and trends in our domestic economy and in the global economy this year. Timing is essential in deciding when one should act and when one should stay put. We must have both great prudence and flexibility. I have the confidence that there will still be smile on my face when I meet you in the press conference next year.

路透社记者：一年前您在这里说过，有点担心中国在美国的资产安全，请问您今天是一样的担心？更担心？比较放心？还是有信心？另外，您刚刚讲到中国内部的一些担心，如果允许我再问一个关于“心”的问题的话，那就是国际上您最担心的事情是什么？

Reuters: A year ago, at the press conference, you said you were a bit worried about China's assets in the United States. A year has passed. Are you now more or less worried about China's assets in the United States or have you become confident in the Chinese assets in the United States? Secondly, I would like to ask, what is your biggest concern and worry on the external front?

温家宝：大家都知道，我们有巨额的外汇储备，我们一定要把这笔巨大的金融资产用好和管理好。因此，我们对外汇储备的要求首先是安全，其次是流动，第三是保值增值。我们在国际上之所以购买一些国家的债券，都是为了通过多元化的经营达到我所说的目的。

Premier: As is known to all, China has massive foreign exchange reserves. We must make good use of and properly manage this large amount of assets. In running foreign exchange reserves, we follow the principle of ensuring their safety, liquidity, good value and value increase. We have been buying the treasury bonds of some countries. The purpose is to introduce diversity into our foreign exchange holdings to serve the goal that I just mentioned.

美国作为国际货币的主要发行国，币值的不稳定引起我们很大的忧虑。我去年说过我担心，今年我还要说我担心。因为国家的金融资产不容得有一点的闪失。在这里，我还要强调另外一面，美国国债是以美国国家信誉做担保的，我希望美国以实际行动让投资者放心。这不仅对投资方有利，对美国也有利。

The United States is the issuing country of a major reserve currency. Any fluctuation in the value of the US currency is a big cause for concern for us. I said I was concerned about Chinese assets in the United States last year, and I want to make the same remark this year. We cannot afford any mistake, however slight it may be, when it comes to running our financial assets. Here, I would like to stress that the US treasury bonds are guaranteed by the national credibility of the United States. I hope that the United States will take concrete steps to reassure the investors. It is not only in the interest of the investors but also the United States itself.

你还有一个问题，就是对国际形势的担心。我们的担心，最主要还是在安全和稳定上。我们正在集中精力进行建设，需要一个良好的外部条件，需要一个和平和安全的环境。世界经济的不确定性，也会对中国经济带来影响，这些我已经讲过了。总之，我们愿与世界各国一道，为建立一个公正合理的国际政治和经济新秩序而努力。

You asked a question about our biggest concern regarding the international situation. I would say our major concern is whether there will be stability and security in the world. We in China are concentrating all our efforts on development. This requires sound external conditions and a peaceful and secure international environment.

Also as I mentioned, uncertainties in the global economy will affect the Chinese economy. To sum up, China is ready to work with other countries in the world to build a fair and equitable new international political and economic order.

法新社记者：我想问一个有关中美关系的问题。大概一周以前，中国外长表示美方应切实行动，使中美关系回到正常发展的轨道。我想问的是，中方认为美方应采取什么具体的措施才能使中美关系重新回到正常发展轨道？中方现在还在等待美方采取这些具体步骤吗？还是中方愿意以中美关系的大局为重，不再纠缠和计较现在中美关系中出现的问题？

AFP: My question also relates to the relationship with the United States. Your Foreign Minister said a couple of weeks ago that the U.S. has to take credible steps in order to get the relationship back on track. I am wondering can you tell us what those steps are specifically. Are you still waiting for them, or are you willing to move ahead past this recent rough patch in the interest of your overall relationship? My question also relates to the relationship with the United States. Your Foreign Minister said a couple of weeks ago that the U.S. has to take credible steps in order to get the relationship back on track. I am wondering can you tell us what those steps are specifically. Are you still waiting for them, or are you willing to move ahead past this recent rough patch in the interest of your overall relationship?

温家宝：中美关系是我们最重要的外交关系，它不仅关系两国和两国人民的根本利益，在一定意义上也超出两国的范围。不畏浮云遮望眼，自缘身在最高层。我们应该从这样的高度来把握两国关系。奥巴马总统入主白宫以后，中美关系有个良好的开端。但是最近一段时期，美方在达赖喇嘛访美和对台军售等问题上触犯了中国的主权和领土完整，使中美关系受到严重的干扰，这个责任不在中国，而在美方。中美三个联合公报是中美关系的基础，我们希望美方能够正视问题，以实际行动回到三个公报的基础上来，使中美关系得以恢复和改善。

Premier: China-US relationship is our most important bilateral relationship. It concerns not just the fundamental interests of the two countries and two peoples. In a sense, it has gone beyond the bilateral scope. As a Chinese poem reads, "I do not fear that the floating clouds may block my vision, for where I stand is the top of the mountain". We should manage China-US relations from such a height. China-US relations got off to a good start after President Obama took office. However, in the past weeks and months, the U.S. allowed the Dalai Lama to visit the U.S. and sold arms to Taiwan. These moves have violated China's sovereignty and territorial integrity, and caused serious disruptions to China-US relationship. The responsibility does not lie with the Chinese side but the US side. The three joint communiqués between China and the United States form the foundation of China-US relations. We hope the United States will face the issues squarely and take concrete steps to come back to the foundation of the three joint communiqués so as to ensure that China-US relations will return to normal and further improve.

我曾经讲过，中美建交30年的历史告诉我们，和则两利、斗则俱伤，互信则进、猜忌则退。对话比对抗好，合作比遏制好，伙伴比对手好。我们应该从这样的角度来努力促进中美关系的发展。

I once said that what has happened in the past 30 years since China and the United States established diplomatic relations has shown that a peaceful China-US relationship makes both countries winners while a confrontational one both losers. With mutual trust, the two countries can both forge ahead; yet with suspicions, we will both fall behind. It is always better to have dialogue than confrontation, cooperation than containment, and partnership than rivalry. We should bear this in mind and work hard to push forward China-US relations.

中央人民广播电台记者：国际社会十分关注全球经济失衡的问题，要求德国、日本和中国这些主要出口国家减少对出口的依赖，来实现世界经济的再平衡。请问您对此有什么看法？

CNR: The international community has shown great concern over the issue of imbalances in the global economy, and has asked major exporting countries such as Germany, Japan and China to reduce their dependence on exports in order to rebalance the global economy. I would like to get your perspective on this issue.

温家宝：我认为世界经济的失衡，不能把眼睛只盯在中国的贸易上。世界经济失衡，主要是反映在一些主要经济体消费与储蓄的失衡，一些金融机构只顾自身利益，过度扩张而造成金融的不稳定。如果从深层次讲，世界上最大的失衡是发展的不平衡。在这次金融危机当中，受害最大的是发展中国家。至于贸易，我已经讲过了，我们将采取措施，进一步扩大进口。同时，我们也希望发达国家能够放开对中国高科技产品的出口。

Premier: When talking about imbalances in the international economy, I don't think it will be fair for one to fix his eyes on China's exports. The main manifestations of such imbalances include the imbalance between consumption and saving in some major economies, and the financial instability caused by the excessive expansion of some financial institutions in pursuit of their own profits. If we take this issue to a deeper level, we will see that the biggest imbalance in our world is the imbalance in development. The developing countries have been hit the hardest in the international financial crisis. As for trade, as I already mentioned, we will take steps to import more. At the same time, we hope developed countries will ease their restrictions on high-tech exports to China.

解决世界经济失衡问题，需要各国协调一致。特别是在宏观政策上，如何保持和稳定经济复苏的大好形势，同时，对金融进行进一步的改革。

To address imbalances in the global economy, it is important for all countries to act in a coordinated way. In particular, countries should coordinate their macroeconomic policies in order to secure the good momentum in the recovery of the world economy. And at the same time, further steps should be taken in financial reform.

新加坡《联合早报》记者：我第一个问题也是跟外交有关系，但是我们想从民意的角度来问。随着中国经济的发展，我们看到国内很多老百姓对于国家实力的自我感觉、社会氛围可能出现了一些变化，就是有的时候在媒体上会看到一些民众说我们中国强大了、现在要在国际上扬眉吐气，有一些民众的反应可能也比较极端一些。请问这个民意对于中国政府的对外政策有多大影响力？

Lianhe Zaobao: My first question is related to China's foreign policy, but let me ask this question from the perspective of the role of public opinion in China's foreign policy. With economic development in recent years, we have seen some changes in perceptions of the Chinese public on China's national strength. And in some media reports, we have heard some Chinese people say that China has become much stronger now and we the Chinese should walk with our head held high on the world stage. And we have even heard some quite extreme views from the Chinese public. I wonder to what extent will public opinion affect China's foreign policy.

作为最后一个提问者，请允许我问一个今天早上一直没怎么谈到的问题，就是民生问题。政府工作报告里说要分好社会财富这块“蛋糕”，促进社会公正和谐，让人民更幸福、更有尊严地活着。但是我看到社会上也有一些现象，还有很多这样那样的不公，比如收入分配不公，农民工融入城市也存在很多困难。作为总理，您如何指导政府促进社会公平正义？保障中国人民过更幸福、更美好、更有尊严的生活？

My second question is related to the people's wellbeing, a topic that has not been touched upon today. In your report on the work of the government, you said it is important for the government to distribute the "pie" of social wealth in a fair way and it is important to promote social equity and harmony. The government will also make every effort to enable the Chinese people to live a happier life with more dignity. But at the same time, we have noticed there is still a lot of inequality in the Chinese society such as unfair income distribution and difficulty of rural migrant workers in blending into the fabric of urban society. I would like to ask that as the Premier, how would you lead the government in promoting social equity and justice and enabling the Chinese people to live a happier life with more dignity.

温家宝：近代以来，中国人民遭受的苦难太深重了。因此，我们对于国家的独立、主权和领土完整怀有强烈的感情。我们的外交政策基本出发点是要维护国家的利益，最重要的就是主权和领土完整。当然，我们的对外方针还要统筹考虑国内和国际两个大局。中华民族又是一个重友谊、守信用、有尊严的民族，我们会平等对待对我们友好的民族。世界的文化是多样的，国家的社会制度也是不同的，但是我们认为这都不妨碍不同的国家、不同的民族之间相互尊重、平等相待、互相学习和借鉴。在这方面，我曾经在新加坡讲过，开放包容，国家才能富强。如果说民意，那么这两个方面都是我们应该尊重的。

Premier: The Chinese people suffered so much in the modern history. That is why the Chinese people feel very strongly about China's independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity. In formulating and carrying out our foreign policy, our fundamental objective is to uphold China's national interests, China's sovereignty and territorial integrity in particular. We also take into full account both the domestic and international situations in carrying out our foreign policy. The Chinese nation is a nation that values friendship, credibility and dignity. We treat other nations who are friendly towards China on an equal basis. There are diverse cultures and social systems in the world, but we don't think these differences should impede efforts of countries and nations to embrace mutual respect, treat each other as equals and learn from each other. As I said in my speech in Singapore, I believe only a nation that is open and inclusive can prosper. These are important aspects that we take into account as far as how public opinion may affect China's foreign policy.

我们国家的发展不仅是要搞好经济建设，而且要推进社会的公平正义，促进人的全面和自由的发展，这三者都不可偏废。集中精力发展生产，其根本目的是满足人们日益增长的物质文化需求。而社会公平正义，是社会稳定的基础。我认为，公平正义比太阳还要有光辉。勿庸讳言，现在，社会上还存在许多不公平的现象，收入分配不公、司法不公，这些都应该引起我们的重视。我曾经讲过，一个真正的经济学同高尚的伦理学是不可分离的。也就是说，我们的经济工作和社会发展都要更多地关注穷人，关注弱势群体，因为他们在社会中是多数。

In pursuing development, we will not only seek economic growth, but also promote social equity and justice and advance the all-round development of our people in a free environment. We should give equal importance to all these three tasks. The fundamental purpose of our all-out effort in economic development is to meet the growing material and cultural needs of our people. I believe equity and justice form the basis of social stability. And social equity and justice can shine even more brightly than the sun. There is no denying that we still face the problem of unfairness in many fields, including in income distribution and judicial system. This deserves our close attention. I once said that true economic theories and high ethical standards are indivisible. In pursuing economic and social development, we should always give high priority and pay more attention to the poor people and disadvantaged groups in our society, because they account for the majority of the population.

我们要推进经济体制改革、政治体制改革以及其他各方面的改革，其根本目的就是要促进生产力的发展，实现社会的公平正义。同时，能使每个人也有自由和全面发展的机遇。中国的现代化绝不仅仅指经济的发达，它还应该包括社会的公平、正义和道德的力量。在我在任的最后几年，我将为这件事情尽最大的努力。我相信，我们以后的领导人会更加关注这个问题。

We will press ahead with economic restructuring, political restructuring and the reforms in other aspects. The fundamental purpose of all our reform endeavors is to enhance productivity and promote social equity and justice. And we should also work to ensure that all individuals will have the opportunity to achieve all-round development in a free environment. China's modernization drive is not only about achieving economic prosperity. It also includes our endeavors to promote social equity and justice and enhance our moral strength. In the remaining years of my term, I will exert my utmost efforts to accomplish this task. And I am convinced that future Chinese leaders will pay closer attention to this issue.