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(Narration)

麋鹿介绍 (National ) Dafeng Natural Reserves for David-deer

Hello, everyone! Welcome to Dafeng, the native place of the David-deer.

Here we are in Dafeng Natural Reserves for David-deer, it is located in the tidal land, 53 km. southeast of Dafeng.

David-deer， called animal with 4 semblances, is belonging to the deer family in the class of mammals, as it has branched antlers like a deer, a face like a horse, a body like a donkey, and hooves like a calf. It is 2 meters long, over 1 meter tall, with light brown hair which looks darker on the back and lighter on the belly, with a tail hanging down to the hooves. It is docile in nature, feeding on vegetation. Actually, it is a kind of special local animal in China, with the wild ones being extinct in the world.

It is recorded in NATURAL SCIENCE written by Zhang Hua in Western Jin Dynasty: There once lived thousands of elks in groups in Hailing, bordering the sea and linking the Yangtze River, which tallies with the archaeological study. In Dafeng, the fossils of David-deer have been found in 12 places, tha`s to say, Dafeng used to be one of the habitats of David-deer. Some 2000 years ago, the reproduction rate of David-deer reached the acme. People used to domesticate and hunt David-deer and eat the venison just as popular as we are now raising pigs and eating pork.

David-deer prefers, by nature, living in the salted marsh, feeding on grass, taking wet land as the habitat to generate its offspring.

Once the David-deer family lived along the Yangtze River banks. But, with the expansion of human habitation, the animal’s habitat was rapidly lessening. Herds of David-deer migrated eastward along the north bank of Yangtze to the sea. God blessed the species. It was in the tidal land made up of the alluvial sand and soil from Yangtze and Haihe rivers that the David-deer found a refuge and settled down in the new living place. However, good days wouldn`t last long for the animal. Even in the soft alluvial soil soon appeared human trace, people set up stoves to boil salt and encircled the reclaimed land with seawalls for farming, so the last sanctuary for the animal were gradually occupied by human beings.

By the Song Dynasty, the wild David-deer had been extinct in the world, except a few domesticated ones were left and kept in the royal garden. In 1865, a French missionary, called Ervin David, rode a donkey to the Royal Nanhaitzi Garden in Beijing, for he was told that in the garden were kept a special kind of animal, called four semblances. By bribing the clerk of the garden, he succeeded in doing a dirty business. He handed in ten dollars through a hole in a wall, in turn, he got a skull of the deer from within, and handing in another ten dollars, he got 2 pieces of the deer skin. Two years later, David published an article, On the Discovery of the New Species, which made an instant sensation in the world of animal science. So a far-fetched exotic name was given to the animal.

In 1900, allied troops of the 8 nations conquered Beijing and the last existing David-deer were taken abroad just as the captives in a cold rainy night. From then on, no trace of the animal was ever found in the 9.6 million sq. km. of the land.

Being not accustomed to the climate in the alien land, the David-deer, once hundreds of thousand in number, were almost extinct in the world. In the early 20th century, only 18 David-deer were left, all kept in an Englishman’s manor. The owner of the manor was afraid that the chaos of the war would make the species totally extinct like dinosaur from the earth. So he took a wise measure to bring the last existing David-deer to North America and other European countries.

In 1980s, the World Animal Fund and UN Nature & Natural Protection Union initiated to bring David-deer to the native place so as to restore the wild species. The Ministry of Forestry organized specialists from home and abroad to make an on-site investigation from Liaoning to Guangxi and concluded that the tidal land bordering the Yellow Sea, in southeast Dafeng, would be the most ideal living place for the David-deer. In the October of 1986, Dafeng Natural Reserves for the Wild David-deer was founded. On August 14 of the same year, 39 David-deer were, given gratuitously by London Zoo, transported in a special truck to the reserves.

Ladies and gentlemen, since you have known the vitality and tragic history of David-deer, now you may be interested in the living of the animals. Please, follow me to the reserves.

Here above the gate are 5 big characters, standing for Dafeng David-deer Park, written by Mr. Fei Xiao-tong, a famous scholar and social elite. 300 meters from the gate is a round circle, 30 meters in diameter, on its center stands the statue of a 3-deer family, around which are another 4 statues of the horse, calf, donkey and deer to give people a better understanding of the semblances between David-deer and the 4 different animals.

Now we are in the Exhibition Room, it shows the distribution, life procedures and nature of David-deer. And here in the room are exhibited samples of David-deer and some other wild lives. To go southward, you will see a small cinema, where the video information tapes, like Return of David-deer, Native Place of David-deer, etc. which are to be shown for the visitors. Out of the cinema, turning right, a short walk will take us to the domestication ground, where we can see the David-deer.

Actually, the wild David-deer, in the real sense, have been extinct in the world. The existing ones, totaled about 2000, are all raised in parks or zoos. So it is of great importance to restore the nature of the domesticated David-deer, for which Dafeng Natural Reserves has taken positive measures to raise the animals in the natural environment. To make the David-deer accustomed to the natural environment, the research workers have worked hard to overcome the difficulties one after another. By the end of 2000, the number of the David-deer had increased to 462. As far as the proliferation and survival rate of the David-deer are concerned, it takes the top place in the world. And David-deer among 462 are set to the environment free of the fence to be traced and studied.

David-deer are herbivorous animals. In summer, they usually take damp marsh as the habitat to avoid the heat and keep from the insects’ bite. They can stand up with the cold winter, with the temperature down to minus 15 or 18 ℃. They are living in groups, docile, timid, and good at running. The body hair changes twice a year, which looks brown in summer and dark grey brown in winter. The body of the stag is, about 250 kg, larger than that of the doe, it grows antlers which change around the New Years Day every year. The doe has no antler and mates between May to July every year, and with a period of pregnancy of 270 or 290 days, gives birth to one deer-ling a time. The new-born deer is, from 9 to 15 kg., hiding in the grass, with brown fetal hair spotted with large white-red colors. With a breast-fed period of 4 7 months, the young deer can follow the group a couple weeks after birth, and the spots on the body will disappear at one month old. The doe is, about 140 160 kg., matured in sex at 2 years old and bodily matured at 3 years old. A stag is matured in sex at 3 years old, and grown-up at 4 years old, with the branches of the antlers increasing with the age and finalized in shape at 5 years old. The stags, when in rut, will knock the ground with the pierced things on the sharp antlers to vent the restless mood, fighting fiercely against one another, anyone who get the up-hand all over the others will be the king to dominate the does. The does usually fight against one another for the habitat, what is different from the fight by the stags is that the does, standing on the hind legs, kick each other with the front legs. And David-deer have developed the particular glands in the front eye-sockets, which will, when being in fight, frightened or mating, open to give off a kind of odor, which is, beyond mans smell, to be sensed among the deer.

Apart from the David-deer, there live a large number of the wild animals; over 30 species of animals are under the Class I or Class II protection, like the red-crowned cranes, white-necked cranes, swans, white-tailed vultures, river-deer, etc.

Now we are in Guanlu Pagoda. Actually, it was, not listed in the original plan of the reserves, constructed by accident. To dig a well to get drinking water for people and animal in the reserves, a water tower was needed to build over the well to store water, which would look rather awkward in the beautiful environment, so a conception was worked out to build a pagoda instead of a water tower. In the ancient Chinese culture, a pagoda was so built as to dominate the local land and water, the stories of which should be in odd number. But this pagoda has 8 stories, with the 5th floor storing water and all the other floors available to the sightseers. And in the reserves there are a man-made hunting ground, a zoo, a peacock park, and a fishing pool open to the visitors.

That’s all for my narration.

Thank you for your attention.

珍禽动物介绍 (National) Yancheng Natural Reserves for the Rare Birds

Hello, everyone.

Here we are in Yancheng Natural Reserves for the Rare Birds. It was, approved by Jiangsu Provincial Peoples Government, founded in November of 1983. And in 1992, it was, approved by the State Council, upgraded as National Reserves and established as UNASCO Yancheng Biological Reserves, and listed in World Biological Reserves Network and brought into East Asia Cranes Reserves Network.

AUDIO & VEDIO ROOM Here in the room, we can get the information of the reserves with the help of the audio & video tapes, pictures and samples.

There are quite a number of birds in the reserves, with the red-crowned cranes under the major protection. A red-crowned crane is precious as a giant panda, so named as it has a piece of red feather like a crown on its top. There exist now only about 2000 wild red-crowned cranes in the world, around 1000 of which fly to the reserves for winter every year.

Yancheng National Reserves for the Rare Birds is the largest coastal reserves, it stretches over the tidal land in Dongtai, Dafeng, Sheyang, Binhai and Xiangshui, covering some 580 km. of the coastal line, with a total space of about 453,000 ha., centering around 17,4000 ha. of the reclaimed land between Xinyang Port and Doulong Port.

In the tidal land, there are 450 kinds of plants, 379 kinds of birds, 45 kinds of amphibians, 281 kinds of fishes and 47 kinds of mammals, among which are 12 kinds of the wild lives under the Class I protection, like the red-crowned cranes, white cranes, storks, wild ducks, sea-gulls, bustard vultures, etc., and 67 kinds of the wild lives are under the Class II protection. In addition, the tidal land yields over 50,000 tons of reed, 1,000,000 tons of aquatic produces and about 300 tons of clam worms each year.

The reserve is the resting place for the birds migrating from Northeast Asia to Australia, and it is also an important habitat for waterfowls to live through winter. Every year over 3,000,000 various birds migrate through Yancheng. It is one of the places which reserve and provide refuge for quite a few living species on the brink of extinction, and 229 kinds of birds living in the reserves are listed in the Red-covered Book of the Endangering Species by World Natural Reserves Protection Union.

OSTRICH GARDENS 2 ostrich gardens have been built up in the reserves, one is near Wanheting Pagoda, another is by Xinyang Town. Over 200 ostriches, originated from Africa, are raised in the gardens. Any visitor who has an interest to enjoy an ostrich ride may have a try. Actually, it’s a courageous sport, requiring both valor and skill, for the rider has nothing but the long neck to hold on in the ride.

DAVID-DEER GARDEN This reserves is a paradise, not only for the red-crowned cranes but also for the David-deer, which are introduced from the abroad. Every autumn, a large stretches of the salt-water growing up like pieces of the rosy clouds, with the strong David-deer galloping among the salt-water against the background of the white expanse of the tidal land, that’s really beautiful. And in the reserves also lives a kind of rare animals, called long-teeth deer, or, river-deer, totaled about 1000. It is big as a dog, with 2 long teeth and beautiful color-spotted fur, but with no horns. A river-deer runs so fast that people can seldom catch a sight of it. The natural enemy for the river-deer is the badger, which looks like a small panda. It is a carnivore, good at digging holes.

CRANE GIRL TOMB 2 km. northeast to Wanheting Pagoda is a pine forest, lush and green, among which lies a large tomb of the Crane Girl, Xu Xiu-juan, who gave up her life for saving the rare birds. Xu was, born in 1964, of Man nationality. She was awarded as the Model Tourist Worker for training cranes. At 21, she entered Northeast Forestry University, at which she studied so hard that within one year and half she finished all the courses. In 1986, she was employed to domesticate the red-crowned cranes in the reserves, and she succeeded in hatching the cranes by artificial incubation the same year. She contributed a lot to solve the difficult problem to make it possible for the red-crowned cranes in the reserves not to migrate every year. On Sept.16, 1987, Xu, looking for the lost swan for 2 days in the white expanse of the tidal land, gave up her young life when crossing a river. To memorize her heroic deeds, 2 statues of Xu was made in the reserves, one is standing in front of the office building, another is set at the entrance of the reserves. And a TV opera, Crane Soul, is created to reproduce her short life of glamour, its theme song, A True Story, with the beautiful melody, touching people deep in the heart, is resounded on both banks of the Yangtze.

RISING-SUN ON YELLOW SEA It is the best time to see the spectacular of the sun rising from the Yellow Sea in Xing-yang Port on the 8th and 23d every lunar month, when a high tide appears in the early morning. At dawn, day breaks with a strip of light skimming over the surface of the sea, turning from delicate red to scarlet. Above the tide, a red spot appears with the rosy cloud, which is, in turn, getting larger and brighter, shaping like an egg yolk with a delicate yellow color pervading in, that is the early rising sun. Soon, it raises high above in the sky, shining over the world.

BEACH DISCO To visitors` content, they can aboard a ship sailing on the sea. When the tide ebbs, they can take off the shoes, dance disco on the soft beach, its a particular pleasure. The so-called beach disco is to tread on the beach to seek shellfish. The beach is so soft and flat, which is spotted with numerous small holes, in each hole lives a shellfish. When man stamps lightly around the hole, the shellfish will emerges form the sand. Actually, there is much fun, making visitors enjoy themselves so much as to forget to go home.

So much for my narration.

Relic Left By Gentleman Shi

——Shi Nai An Museum

The museum in memory of Shi Nai An, the author of masterpiece Water Margin , is located at the Bai Ju town, Da Feng City. It is of humanistic memorial facility, which was built as the original appearance of "ancestral hall of family name Shi" in Qing Dynasty. The museum buildings have unique style, type of three rows and two wing-rooms, simple, elegant and refined as the building appearance of Dynasty Ming and Qing. In the yard, there are flourish flowers and trees, the winding path leads to a secluded quiet place, the great white marble statue of Gentleman Shi Nai An stands among flowers, pieces of ancient stone tablets for famous persons, all those show sits deep-connotation cultural background. Outside the yard, there are great trees and shades, the dense reeds standing on the river around, several sails in the far, all those give us a vivid water conception.

Golden Beach and Precious Milu

——Da Feng National Reserves for David Deer

The reserves are located at the wet-land on the beach of the Yellow Sea within Da Feng City in the middle of Jiangsu Province. Till now, it is the biggest and best reserves for wild David deer in the world, thanks to the beautiful natural environment without traces of human beings within more than 80 square kilometers. In the land of trees, there are David deer and rare animals here and there, which forms a great and primitive natural landscape painting. When Chinese and Foreign tourists stand on the top of deer-looking tower , the splendid boundless beach scenery is in their view.

Charm of Xixi Ancient Town

——Taishan Temple in Dongtai City

Taishan temple is located at the south of Yanxi River to the west suburb of Dongtai City, the great palaces under Disheng Bridge, and the lofty Tang Hai Chun Tower stand far apart facing each other, which forms the ancient building-group like the style of Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty. It is a unique well-reserved millennial ancient temple in Yanfu land. Many kind-hearted people come here to worship and sightsee every year.

Taishan Temple was built during Jiading Period in Song Dynasty, covering 39000 square meters, 99 and a half halls and houses. The buildings are magnificent, four main halls, Tianwang (emperor) hall, Dongyue hall, Dizang hall, Azure Cloud hall (Bixiagong); the statue of Water God, the goddess of Taishan "Bixiayuanjun", was enshrined and worshipped. The two wing-rooms are Ten-hall Yama (King of Hell), Guanyue, Huatuo, Shennong, Luban and so on. So it was called "one temple, five rooms".

For many years, Mountain Tai temple goes through all the vicissitude of history. Nowadays, the renovated "Daxiongbao" hall, the rebuilt "Tianwang" hall and "Bixia" hall reappear the precious simple and unsophisticated charm. There are more than 50 golden-decorated and big-shaped jade Buddhist statues, dignified and solemn; the four most famous mountains hall; accommodation for paragons gathering; Wuyu Hall and Liaobifengyu rooms and so on with antique flavor and classic beauty, they link up the parts to form a whole. Fangquan pool, Five-paw river add the natural scenery toTaishan Temple. When the morning bell is ringing following the sound of Bible reading and Buddhist bugle, the scenery of ancient temple is described in the poem "the shadow of Xixi tower, the moon above the cold hill, the bell sound from the east sea, the wind of ancient temple", which becomes a scenic spot with unique feature.

Magnificent Golden Tower

——The high building of the Agricultural Bank of China in the city

When darkness has fallen and the evening lights are lit, the high building of the Agricultural Bank is located at the cross of Jiefang South Road and Daqing Middle Road, full of various colors, gold and jade vied with each other, looking splendid in green and gold, which just likes a legendary luminous and dazzling pearl. It is the highest building with 26 floors in Yancheng City. Its octahedral pagoda-type main building, Athenian ancient Rome-style buildings, and Chinese and Western styles combined with pyramidal building blend into one harmonious whole, absorbing new classic architectural style, advanced architectural technology and modern city flavor. It is the first comprehensive building to integrate finance, exhibition, tour, sightseeing, accommodation, dining into a whole in Yancheng City. Its pacific and steady mold-making and its momentum of erecting straight into the cloud just like the Yan Fu people's simple and honest, hard-working and persevering, enthusiastic, courageous and diligent. With its strong represtentative feature ,it is the symbol to develop the modern construction forward .

Clourful Fancy of Withered-branch Peony

——Yancheng Withered-branch Peony Garden

The relics of family Bian garden with long history of over 700 years, located at the southern suburb of Yancheng city — Yancheng Withered-branch Peony Garden. Although going through vicissitude of history and several wars, withered-branch peony, the titbits of flowers,is well-known for its unique feature of gorgeous flowers on burnt like withered branch as well as its fragrance and colour.Thus ,it enjoys high reputation as magical flower of Jiangsu province ,specific plant of China.

From 1983, through several renovations and extensions,the garden,covering over 110mu,has become a big garden including two small gardens standing in the east and the west facing each other across Chuanchang river,nine scenic spots and various kinds of peony attract near 20,000 tourists from home and abroad to come here to appreciate its magnificant charm every year. Each year's Withered-branch Peony Fesvival is of great significance to Yancheng's tourism development.

Blue Sea , Sky and Crane Home

——Jiangsu Yancheng National Nature Reserves for Rare Birds

Located in the middle of Jiangsu coastline, the Nature Reserves have 582km coastline with a total space of about 455,300ha, centering around 174,00ha .It is eastablished as UNESO Yancheng Biological Reserves and listed in World Biological Reserves Network.

The Nature Reserves hav become major place for Red-crowned Crann to spent Winter.At present, there exist less than 2000 wild Red-crowned Cranes in the world, around 1200 fly here for Winter every year,more than 60 Percent of the total.In the reserves ,there constructed sea museum,butterfly museum,tourist reception center,etc facilities, linked up with nearby foreatry farm,salt farm,ecological sightseeing agriculture and so on, which beautifies the reserves to be a wellknown national ecotourism sightseeing spot.

Nine Dragons Playing Pearl

——Jianhu County Jiulong Estury

Located at Jiangying town in Jianhu county, a part of lagnoonal ancient Sheyang river , its river area reaches 7,000ha .Nine rivers ,just like nine giant dragons ,rush out of vast reed marshes to gather at Dragon Pearl island, which shapes splendid sight of nine dragons playing pearl.the beautiful scenic spot is renowned as Water County Bright Pearl.

Autumn Colour of Zhonghu Lake

——Yandou County Da Zhonghu Lake Scenic Spot

Da Zhonghu Lake,located in southwest of Yancheng city,covers 28 square km.Its boundless foggy water and beautiful sights are very fascinating.Since China's opening-up and reform, Da Zhonghu Lake Scenic Spot has been listed as key projects and tourism development projects of The Ninth Five Plan and The Tenth Five Plan.Green tree line circling the lake bank, Dayue water lily floating in the water ,flat modern agricultural fields in water front beautify the whole lake to be green world.

New Fourth Army Memorial Hall

—— New Fourth Army Museum

New Fourth Army Museum, covering over 100 mu,consists of main museum district, memorial tower of rebuilt army department and lod address of rebuilt army department.

The main museum district ,located at east Jianjun Road, contians virescence square,group statue district,steles collection district,exhibition hall,artificial lake,garden district, national defense park,etc. Here, its favorable evironment and beautiful sights are fascinated with people.

Yinbin Attract Talents

——Yinbin Park

Yinbin Park ,located at the bank of Chuanchang river in Yancheng downtown area ,covers 4.85ha. It is designed by Shanghai Tongji University and Shanghai Municipality Garden Design Institute jointly.Yinbin Park functions mainly as recreation, taking tour path as its backbone ,through virscence , changes ofbuilgings' style and functions,it maintain its each scenic spot's mutual integrity and relationship.By doing so can Yinbin Park successfully reflect longstanding and rich historic culture , embody strong modern city favour simultaneously.