2021年上海市静安区中考二模（下学期期中）英语试题

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、单选题

1．How is your lunch at school ？ Which is correct for the underlined part ？

A．/u/ B．/ʌ/ C．/ɔ：/ D．/a：/

2．More and more young people are trying to do something for ________old at weekends．

A．a B．an C．the D．/

3．Jack left __________Germany last year and found a job in a big company a month ago．

A．for B．in C．to D．after

4．Donald Trump was elected as President of the United States _________November 9th ， 2016．

A．in B．of C．at D．on

5．I don't think the honour is ___________． It really belongs to all the teachers and friends around．

A．me B．my C．mine D．myself

6．Some students like to be volunteers in the community and _________prefer to do part﹣time jobs．

A．other B．the other C．others D．the others

7．The more careful you are ， _________mistakes you will make in the coming test/

A．fewer B．the fewer C．fewest D．the fewest

8．Though Mr． Liu is over sixty ， he works as __________as those young people in the office．

A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．the hardest

9．After Jenny's mother had a conversation with the teacher ， she seemed very ________．

A．happiness B．happy C．happily D．happiest

10．--______is your home to the nearest underground station？

--About ten minutes' walk．

A．How soon B．How long C．How often D．How far

11．Online games are very attractive ， ____________we shouldn't spend too much time on it．

A．but B．or C．so D．because

12．The fireman set out immediately __________they received the phone call for help．

A．unless B．while C．as soon as D．until

13．Passengers _________show their passports and have their luggage checked before boarding．

A．must B．need C．can D．may

14．Fred knows a lot about Chinese tea culture and its history ， _________？

A．isn't he B．doesn't he C．hasn't he D．won't he

15．By the year of 2010． the ten﹣year﹣old girl _______her first collection of poems

A．published B．was publishing C．has published D．had published

16．The news our football team lost an important game again made our fans ________for hours．

A．cried B．cry C．to cry D．crying

17．The workers on the construction site are used to __________at 5：30in the morning．

A．get up B．got up C．getting up D．have got up

18．___________piece of good advice our teacher gave up before we entered for the contest!

A．How B．What C．What an D．What a

19．Would you like to teach me how to make vegetable salad？

__________I' ll teach you．

A．Of course B．Thanks a lot C．Never mind D．You are welcome．

20．My family plan to visit the Oxford University this summer．

___________

A．That's all right B．I don't think so C．It's my pleasure D．Sounds great

二、用单词的正确形式完成短文

There was a man who had four sons． He wanted his sons to learn not to reach a conclusion too quickly． So he sent them ， to go and look at a pear tree that was a great21．away． The first son went in the winter ， the second in the spring ， the third in the summer ， and the youngest son in the autumn． When they had all gone and come back ， the first son said that the tree didn't look a bit22．or straight． The second son said no it was covered with green buds （萌芽） and full of hope． The third son disagreed and said it was loaded with flowers that smelt so23．， and it was the most amazing thing he had ever seen． The last son disagreed with all of them． He said it was drooping （下垂） with24．， full of life and satisfaction．

The man then explained to his sons that they were all right because they had each seen but one season in the tree's life． He told them that they cannot25．a tree ， or a person ， by only one season ， and that the key points of who they are and the pleasure ， joy and love that come from that life can only be measured26．， when all the seasons are up．

If you give up when it's winter ， you will27．the hope of your spring ， the beauty of your summer ， excitement of your autumn． Don't let the pain of one season destroy the joy of28．．

Don't decide a life by one difficult season．

三、用所给单词的正确形式填空

Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词）

29．She prepared many colored stars to praise the___for their excellent work in class．（child）

30．Look at the___stamp from the left! It's about the 2008Beijing Olympic Games．（five）

31．Lily ， only eight ， is able to take care of___when her parents are out on business．（she）

32．We know having no dinner isn't a healthy way for fat people to lose___．（weight）

33．People are becoming more and more___in reading e﹣novels in the spare time．（ interest）

34．Could you___give me a hand before I take part in the English speech contest ？ （ possible ）

35．One can easily find___excuse for what he does when facing the difficulties． （variety ）

36．It's doctors' duty to___their patients carefully and give the best treatment．（治疗）． （exam）

四、句型转换

Rewrite the following sentences as required（根据所给要求，改写下列句子．每空格限填一词．）

37．Our headmaster usually has a meeting on Monday morning．（改为一般疑问句）

___your headmaster usually___a meeting on Monday morning？

38．The company apologized to the public for its terrible service．（保持句意不变）

The company___the public for its terrible services．

39．You can finish the work on computer． You needn't write anything on paper． （合并为一句）

You can finish the work on computer___ writing anything on paper．

40．The girl in red is introducing her new school to the foreign guests．（ 对划线部分提问）

___ is introducing her new school to the foreign guests？

41．" John ， will you go abroad to continue your study next year？" Susan asked．（改为宾语从句）

Susan asked John___ he___go abroad to continue his study the next year．

42．Grandma Li plants different kinds of vegetables in her small yard．（ 改为被动语态）

Different kinds of vegetables___by Grandma Li in her small yard．

43．the problem ， ourselves ， we ， to work out ， within two days ， can depend on （连词成句）

___________________________

五、阅读单选

A．Choose the best answer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）：

Nothing in Wiley Post's early years suggests that he would become a famous pilot． His family were farmers． In 1913，Wiley saw something that forever changed his life﹣an airplane． Wiley Post began to study everything he could find about flying． Post finally rode in an airplane in 1919． After his first ride， Wiley Post knew that flying was something he could learn to do．

Wiley Post began his career in flying， not as a pilot， but as a performer who jumps from airplanes using a parachute． He did this with a group that performed flying tricks to earn money．

Wiley Post then decided the only way to become a good pilot was to buy an airplane of his own． He needed more money than he earned in the flying show． He went to work in the oil﹣producing areas of Texas． But he damaged his left eye in an accident． Doctors had to remove his eye． Judging distance is difficult without two eyes． Wiley Post began teaching himself to judge distance with only one eye． It took a long time， but he succeeded． In 1928， he got a job flying the plane that belonged to a rich oil producer from Oklahoma called F．C．Hall． In 1930， Post entered the National Air Races in this plane and won．

On June 23，1931， Post and Gatty had flown around the world． But many people said Gatty was the real hero． He had guided the flight． This hurt Post． Wiley Post began to plan another flight around the world． This time he would go alone．

On July 15，1933， Post took off from Floyd Bennett Field in New York． He became the first person to fly from New York to Berlin without stopping． He had flown around the world in seven days， eighteen hours and forty﹣nine minutes．

44．In 1913Wiley Post saw which forever changed his life．

A．nothing B．an airplane C．a farmer D．a famous pilot

45．Wiley Post began his career in flying and earned money by ．

A．being a pilot B．flying a plane C．performing flying tricks D．making a parachute

46．In order to earn more money to buy an airplane of his own ， Wiley Post ．

A．went to work in Texas B．went on doing the flying show

C．damaged his left eye D．got rid of one of his eyes．

47．Who taught him to judge distance with only one eye ？

A．Doctors B．Gatty C．A rich oil producer D．He himself

48．What does the word " This " probably stand for the sentence "This hurt Post．"

A．Post flew F．C．Hall ‘s private plane B．Post and Gatty flew together

C．People say Gatty was the real hero D．Post failed to plan another flight alone

49．Which of the following is NOT Correct according to the passage ？

A．Post rode an airplane for the first time in 1919

B．In 1928， Post got a job and started to fly his own airplane

C．Post entered the National Air Races in 1930and own．

D．In 1933， Post became the first one to fly from New York to Berlin without stopping．

六、完型填空

Choose the words of expressions and complete the passage why do leaves（树叶） change colour？

One of nature's most beautiful 50 is a forest full of bright autumn colors． Imagine making art with all those colours of paint!

Leaves in their autumn colours are beautiful． Did you ever wonder why a tree's leaves change colour？ To answer this question ， you need to 51 the important job that leaves do．

Leaves make food so the tree can grow and have energy． This process is called photosynthesis （光合作用）． Leaves need three things to do their job．

1）Leaves need water ， which they get from the tree 52 their stem （茎）．

2）Leaves need a gas called carbon dioxide． They take it in from the air around them．

3）All plants 53 a chemical called chlorophyll（叶绿素），which gives leaves their green colour． Leaves need sunlight ，too． Sunlight and chlorophyll work together to turn water and carbon dioxide into a kind of sugar． This sugar is the food that provides plants 54 energy． When they make food ， trees give off a gas called oxygen． Animals need oxygen to live．

Photosynthesis doesn't just help plants stay alive． Photosynthesis 55 makes food for all living things． Some animals ， such as mice ， eat plants． Other animals ，such as hawks ， eat the plant eaters． Without plants ， what would hawks do for food ？

50．A．records B．animals C．sights D．manners

51．A．prevent B．include C．control D．understand

52．A．through B．with C．above D．beside

53．A．keep off B．rely on C．turn into D．give up

54．A．impossible B．useless C．convenient D．necessary

55．A．almost B．also C．hardly D．seldom

七、单词填空

Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）

Attending a university is an important part of a person's life． Today ， many people go to a university to study and train for a future job in subjects like law ， medicine ， or education． But ， the university isn't a modern invention． An important o56．started in Egypt a thousand years ago．

The world's oldest surviving university ， Al﹣Azhar ， is in Cario ， Egypt． It was first built as a mosque （清真寺） in A． D．972to57．the daughter of the king Muhammad． A few years later learners and teachers began meeting in the mosque． They read and talked about the subjects of religion（宗教） and law． Around the year 988 ， leaders in the city of Cario decided to create a school for learning and soon a58．that ， Al﹣Azhar University was started．

Because a university was a new idea ， the teachers at Al﹣Azhar needed to think about what courses to teach and59．to teach them． The earliest courses were in law and religions． In a course ， students read and studied with the teacher ， but there were hot and free d60．among them ， too． Often ， there was no" correct" answer to a question． In the years that followed ， the new university attracted scholars from around the world who came to teach and do research． At Al﹣Azhar ， people not only studied the past ， but it was a place for s61．new ideas with each others as well

Over a thousand years later， Al﹣Azhar is still an important university in the world．Its library contains more than 250，000of the world's oldest and most valuable books．Today， many of the world's most i62．universities such as Oxford and Harvard still follow the traditions started at Al﹣Azhar．

八、回答问题

Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答下列问题）

More than one million international students are studying in the United States． Many of them find it helpful to have a smartphone and an American credit （信用卡），

These things make it easy to pay for many kinds of goods and services． But getting a credit card as an international student is not a simple process． Normal U．S． lenders ask for a social security number（社会保障号码）． In addition， They ask to see a person's credit history． This helps the lenders trust that someone is responsible and will make timely payments． These are the things most international students do not have．

But one company is trying to make the process easier and fairer for them．

Jack Guo is from China． He now studies at a university in California． He says having an American credit card makes it easier for students to get around town． And， he says， credit cards are important for international students who hope to live in the country in the future．

Kalpesh Kapadia came from India to study at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh， Pennsylvania． He faced the same difficulties that many international students face when trying to get an American credit card． He decided to open SelfScore（万事达信用卡）．

Without asking for crediting history and a social number ， SelfScore looks at materials such as passports ， visas ，and acceptance letters to American school． The company also consider a student's ability to pay．

About 10，000international students from more than 66countries now have credit cards through SelfScore． Kapadia says less than one percent of Self Score's credit card holders are late for their payments because of different kinds of reasons．

63．Is it easy for an international student to get a credit card in the U．S． A？

64．What do " the things "in the second paragraph refer to ？

65．What can Jack Guo do in America if he has a credit card？

66．How did Kapadia get rid of his difficulties in getting an American credit card ？

67．How many SelfScore's credit card holders pay on time according to Kapadia？

68．SelfScore considers a student's ability to pay when he/she wants to get a credit card．

Do you think it is important ？ Why or why not ？

九、材料作文

69．Writing（作文）

Write at least 60words about the topic " ， a new way of life !"（请以" ，一种崭新的生活方式"为题， 从以下图片中选取其中一张图片，举例表述你的思考和理由， 写一篇不少于60 个词的短文，标点符号不占格．

（注意：文中不得出现考生的姓名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评分）

Points for reference ：

• Which way do you choose to write about ？

• Why do you think it a new way of life ？

• Could you give some suggestions in order to make better use of it ？

参考答案

1．B

【解析】

【详解】

句意：你的学校午餐怎么样？划线部分哪个正确？

考查语音。lunch[lʌntʃ]午餐。故选B。

2．C

【详解】

句意：越来越多的年轻人想在周末为老人做点什么。

考查定冠词。a\an表示泛指，a用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an用于元音音素开头的单词前；the+形容词（old）表示特指，指一类人（老人），根据More and more young people are trying to do something for ________old at weekends．可知这里表示特指老人这类人。即越来越多的年轻人在周末试图为老年人做点什么。故选C。

【点睛】

定冠词的用法：

1）定冠词和名词连用，表示特指或某些特定的人或东西。如：

Mother carved the meat into slices.

妈妈把肉切成了片。

2）定冠词用于可数名词前，表示一类人或东西。如：

The horse is a useful animal. 马是一种有用的动物。

3）定冠词用于第二次出现的名词之前。如：

I got a letter yesterday. The letter was sent by e-mail.

我昨天接到了一封信。那信是电子邮件。

4）定冠词用于某些名词或者形容词前，表示一类人，一个民族，阶级或阶层。如：

the Chinese 中国人 the rich 富人

the dead 死者 the deaf 聋人

5）定冠词用于指说话双方都知道的人或事。如：

Please close the door.请把门关上。

6）定冠词用于世界上独一无二的事物前。如：

the sun 太阳 the earth 地球 the world世界

7）定冠词用于形容词和副词的最高级前面。如：

This is the most interesting book I have ever read. 这是我所读过的书中最有趣的一本。

8）定冠词在play后和乐器连用

play the piano弹钢琴 play the flute吹长笛

3．A

【详解】

句意：杰克去年去德国，一个月前在一家大公司找到了一份工作。

leave for动身去某地，结合语境：杰克去年去了德国，一个月前在一家大公司找到了一份工作。故选A。

4．D

【详解】

句意：唐纳德·特朗普于2021年11月9日当选美国总统。

考查介词。in表示在一个具体范围；of表示所属关系；at在具体的几点；on表示在具体某一天。结合语境"2021年11月9日"，可知，具体某一天用介词on。故选D。

5．C

【详解】

句意：我不认为荣誉是我的，它真的属于周围所有的老师和朋友。

考查物主代词。A宾格代词；B形容词性的物主代词；C. mine名词性的物主代词；D.反身代词。根据题干 It really belongs to all the teachers and friends around．可知空后没有名词，这里用名词性物主代词mine。故选C。

6．C

【详解】

句意：一些学生喜欢在社区做志愿者，另一些则喜欢做兼职。

考查近义词。other其它的，通常加名词；the other（两个中）另一个；others相当于other+复数名词，泛指"另外几个"，"其余的"；the others意思是"其他东西，其余的人"；特指某一范围内的"其他的（人或物）"。是the other的复数形式。语境“有些学生喜欢在社区做志愿者，有些人喜欢做兼职工作。”。这里用others做主语。故选C。

7．B

【详解】

句意：你越小心，在即将到来的考试中犯的错误就越少。

根据The more careful you are，_________mistakes you will make in the coming test，可知这里考查the+比较级，the+比较级，表示越…越…。故选B。

8．A

【详解】

句意：刘先生虽然六十多岁了，但他和办公室里的年轻人一样努力工作。

根据Though Mr． Liu is over sixty， he works as __________as those young people in the office，可知as…as…和…一样，中间用原级，这里修饰动词用副词形式。故选A。

9．B

【详解】

句意：珍妮的母亲和老师谈话后，她看起来很高兴。

考查形容词。A幸福、高兴，名词；B高兴的，形容词；C高兴地，副词；D最高兴的。结合语境"詹妮的母亲和老师谈话后，她似乎很___。"。可知，seem系动词，用形容词happy构成系表结构。A，C不正确。没有比较，D选项不正确。故选B。

10．D

【详解】

句意：——你家离最近的地铁站有多远？ ——步行大约十分钟。

考查疑问词组。how soon "多快/多久以后"，其后用in加一段时间来回答；how long多久，对一段时间或长度提问；how often多久，对频率提问；how far多远，对距离提问。结合回答"步行大约十分钟。"。可知，对路程提问，用疑问词组how far多远。故选D。

【点睛】

如何区分How soon/ How far/ How long/How often？

（1）How soon表示 “多久之后”，主要用来对表示将来的一段时间提问。How soon的回答一般是：“in + 时间段”，如 “in two days”；“in five years”。

例如： —How soon will you be ready?

—In five minutes.

（2）How far“多远”一般指的是一地到另一地的距离。

例如：— How far is it from your home to school? —Three kilometers.

（3）How long表示 “时间多久或物体多长”， 表示时间侧重指 “一段时间”。针对 “How long” 的回答一般是时间段，如 “for three days”，“for three years”。

例如： —How long were you away last year?

—For two weeks.

（4）How often “多长时间一次”对在某一特定的时间内进行的动作次数进行提问，其答语一般为“never，sometimes，usually”等频率副词。

例如：—How often do you exercise? —Every day.

11．A

【详解】

句意：网络游戏很有吸引力，但我们不应该花太多时间在它上面。

A. but但是；B. or或者；C. so因此；D. because因为。根据Online games are very attractive，__________we shouldn't spend too much time on it，可知网络游戏很吸引人，但我们不应该花太多时间在网上。这里句子前后是转折关系，用but连接。故选A。

12．C

【详解】

句意：消防队员一接到求助电话就立即出发了。

选项A：除非；选项B：当……时候；选项C：一……就；选项D：直到。结合语境：消防队员一接到求救电话就立即出发了。故选C。

13．A

【详解】

句意：旅客在登机前必须出示护照并托运行李。

A. must必须；B. need需要；C. can能； D. may可以。我们知道，旅客在登机前必须出示护照并托运行李。因此应该选择must必须；故选A。

14．B

【详解】

句意：弗雷德对中国的茶文化和茶的历史很了解，不是吗？

考查反义疑问句。语境"Fred对中国茶文化及其历史了解很多，不是吗？"。反意疑问句通常遵循前肯后否，或前否后肯的原则。陈述部分是肯定句。一般现在时态，疑问部分用否定句，助动词用doesn't。主语用he。故选B。

15．D

【详解】

句意：到2010年，这位十岁的女孩出版了她的第一本诗集。

考查过去完成时。由By the year of 2010。可知，这是指过去的时间，因此句子the ten﹣year﹣old girl _______her first collection of poems．的时态应该用过去完成时，指的是：过去的过去，其结构为had +done。故选D。

16．B

【详解】

句意：我们足球队又输了一场重要比赛的消息使我们的球迷哭了好几个小时。

A为过去式；B为动词原形；C为动词不定式；D为动名词。根据The news our football team lost an important game again made our fans ________for hours，可知句子考查make sb. do sth. 表示让某人做某事。故选B。

17．C

【详解】

句意：工地上的工人习惯于早上5:30起床。

根据The workers on the construction site are used to __________at 5:30in the morning，可知句子考查be used to doing sth表示习惯于做某事。故选C。

18．D

【详解】

句意：在我们参加比赛之前，老师给了我们一条多么好的建议啊！

考查感叹句。强调名词用what开头，排除A；句中advice不可数名词，但是其前面有piece表示数量，是可数名词，故要用不定冠词a修饰。故选D。

19．D

【详解】

句意：——你愿意教我怎么做蔬菜沙拉吗？ ——不客气。我来教你。

考查情境对话。A．Of course当然；B．Thanks a lot多谢；C．Never mind没有关系；D．You are welcome不客气。根据题干I' ll teach you．可知应说不客气。故选D。

20．D

【详解】

句意：——我的家人计划今年夏天去牛津大学。 ——听起来很棒

考查情境对话。A．That's all right没关系；B．I don't think so 我不那么认为；C．It's my pleasure我很荣幸；D．Sounds great听起来很棒。根据题干My family plan to visit the Oxford University this summer．可知应说听起来很棒。故选D。

21．D

22．B

23．A

24．E

【分析】

这篇短文通过一个父亲轮番派遣他的4个儿子到很远的地方去寻一棵梨树的故事，告诉人们不能以一季来判断树，更不能以一时来判断人，因为人之本质源自他们喜、乐、爱的根本--只有在其生子了结时才可盖棺论定。倘若你在冬季就已放弃，那无疑会错过春季的生机、夏季的美丽和秋季的收益。勿为一季的痛苦而破坏了所有的欢乐。

21．句意：于是打发他们去，看远处的一棵梨树。

名词考查。结合that引导的定语从句，修饰tree，结合away用所给的单词distance距离，结合句意So he sent them，to go and look at a pear tree that was a great___1___away．派遣他的4个儿子到很远的地方去寻一棵梨树，故选D。

22．句意：当他们都走了回来后，大儿子说这棵树看起来一点也不漂亮，也不挺拔。

形容词考查。结合look和or straight可知这里缺少形容词，结合所给单词用pretty，表示看起来没那么好那么直，故答案是B。

23．句意：三儿子不同意，说里面装的花闻起来很香，这是他见过的最神奇的东西。

形容词考查。smell是系动词，后加形容词构成系表结构，结合smell闻起来，故用sweet香甜的，故答案是A。

24．句意：他说那是一个果实下垂的地方，充满了生机和满足感。

名词考查。结合with介词，后加名词，结合He said it was drooping （下垂）with___4___， full of life and satisfaction．和常识可知是满是果实下垂。故答案是E。

25．E

26．C

27．D

28．B

【分析】

本文是上文的续篇，这篇短文通过一个父亲轮番派遣他的4个儿子到很远的地方去寻一棵梨树的故事，告诉人们不能以一季来判断树，更不能以一时来判断人，因为人之本质源自他们喜、乐、爱的根本--只有在其生子了结时才可盖棺论定。倘若你在冬季就已放弃，那无疑会错过春季的生机、夏季的美丽和秋季的收益。勿为一季的痛苦而破坏了所有的欢乐。

25．句意：他告诉他们，他们不能仅仅用一个季节来判断一棵树或一个人，他们是谁的关键点，以及从生活中获得的快乐、欢乐和爱，只能在所有季节结束时才能衡量。

动词考查。cannot后缺少动词，结合can only be measured只能被衡量，故这里用动词judge判断，表示他们不能通过一个季节判断一个人活着一棵树，故答案是E。

26．句意：他告诉他们，他们不能仅仅用一个季节来判断一棵树或一个人，他们是谁的关键点，以及从生活中获得的快乐、欢乐和爱，只能在所有季节结束时才能衡量。

短语考查。结合when all the seasons are 可知是说所有季节结束，才能最终被衡量，故用at the end，故选C。

27．句意：如果你在冬天放弃，你将失去春天的希望，夏天的美丽，秋天的兴奋。

动词考查。结合If you give up when it's winter 如果冬天就放弃，那么就会错过春天的希望，miss错过。故选D。

28．句意：不要让一个季节的痛苦毁掉所有其他季节的快乐。

短语考查。结合上文 If you give up when it's winter，you will miss the hope of your spring，the beauty of your summer 如果冬天就放弃，那么就会错过春天的希望，夏天的魅力，秋天的兴奋，可知是一个季节破坏了其它季节的快乐。all the rest剩下的，故选B。

29．children

30．fifth

31．herself

32．weight

33．interested

34．possibly

35．various

36．exam

【解析】

29．句意：她准备了许多彩色星星来表扬孩子们或他们在课堂上的出色表现。

从 their excellent work 判断这里名词应该用复数形式。故填：children。

30．句意：看左边的第五张邮票！是关于2008年北京奥运会的。

根据Look at the_______ stamp from the left! It's about the 2008Beijing Olympic Games．可知这里表示事物的顺序，用序数词表示。故填：fifth

31．句意：莉莉只有八岁，父母出差时她能照顾自己。

根据Lily，only eight，is able to take care of _______ when her parents are out on business可知句子考查take care of oneself表示照顾自己。故填：herself。

32．句意：我们知道不吃晚饭对胖人来说不是一个健康的减肥方法。

根据We know having no dinner isn't a healthy way for fat people to lose，可知这里放在动词lose后面跟名词作宾语。故填：weight。

33．句意：人们越来越喜欢在业余时间阅读电子小说。

根据People are becoming more and more_______ in reading e﹣novels in the spare time．可知这里people表示人，用interested；故填：interested。

34．句意：在我参加英语演讲比赛之前，你能帮我一把吗？

考查副词。句意"在我参加英语演讲比赛之前，你能帮我一把吗？"。修饰动词give给。用possible的副词possibly可能地。故答案是：possibly。

35．句意：面对困难时，人们很容易为自己的所作所为找到各种借口。

考查形容词。结合语境"面对困难，人们可以很容易地为他所做的找到各种借口。"。可知，修饰名词excuse借口，用variety的形容词various各种各样的。故答案是various。

36．句意：医生有责任仔细检查病人并给予最好的治疗。

考查动词。结合语境"仔细________病人并给予最好的治疗是医生的职责。"。及所给单词，可知，应该是"检查"，不定式to后用动词原形examine。故答案是：examine。

【点睛】

用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。

解题技巧：本题型考查学生根据构词法知识判断词形、转换词形和词性以及运用词汇组建句子的能力。解题时，首先要领悟和理解句子的意思，根据所给单词的词性及其在句子中的前后搭配关系，分析和明确其在句子中所要起的语法作用，然后再根据构词法知识和词形转换方面的知识，拼写出其正确的形式。注意所填写的单词必须在意思上和语法结构上与原句相一致。

这种题型考查内容主要集中在以下六大类词汇上：

（一）名词

考查名词的单数和复数形式之间的转换、名词与其所有格形式之间的转换以及名词转化为形容词、动词等。本题的第1小题：句意：她准备了许多彩色星星来表扬孩子们或他们在课堂上的出色表现。从 their excellent work 判断这里名词应该用复数形式。故填：children。

（二）动词

考查动词不定式及动词-ing形式的运用、动词在各种时态和语态中的词形变化以及动词与名词、动词与形容词之间的转换等等。

（三）形容词和副词

考查形容词与名词、形容词与副词之间的转化，形容词原级与其比较级和最高级之间的转化等等。

（四）数词

考查基数词与序数词之间的转换。第2小题：句意：看左边的第五张邮票！是关于2008年北京奥运会的。根据Look at the_______ stamp from the left! It's about the 2008Beijing Olympic Games．可知这里表示事物的顺序，用序数词表示。故填：fifth。

（五）代词

考查人称代词的主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词以及反身代词之间的相互转换。本题的第3小题：句意：莉莉只有八岁，父母出差时她能照顾自己。根据Lily，only eight，is able to take care of _______ when her parents are out on business可知句子考查take care of oneself表示照顾自己。故填：herself。

（六）其它一些词之间的转换，如动词转化为介词等。

37． Does have

38．said sorry to

39．instead of

40．Which girl

41． if would

42．are planted

43．We can depend on ourselves to work out the problem within two days．

【解析】

37．根据题干可知本句是一般现在时，has为实意动词，改为一般疑问句应借用助动词do，且our headmaster是第三人称单数，应用助动词do的单三形式does，则第一空填写Does；其次Does后应用has的动词原形have。故答案为: (1). Does (2). have。

38．考查同义句。apologize to sb. 向某人道歉；可以表达为say sorry to sb. 向某人道歉。一般过去时态，谓语动词用say的过去式said。故答案是：said sorry to。

39．考查同义句。"你可以在电脑上完成这项工作，你不必在纸上写任何东西"可以表达为"你可以在电脑上完成这项工作，而不是在纸上写任何东西"，用instead of连接两个句子，意思是"而不是"。故答案是：instead of。

40．考查划线部分提问。根据in red穿红衣服的。可知，对定语提问用which哪个。后跟名词girl女孩。故答案是：Which girl。

41．考查宾语从句。这里是直接引语变间接引语。直接引语是一般疑问句，宾语从句用if引导，意思是"是否"。直接引语是一般将来时态，间接引语用过去将来时态。用will的过去式would。故答案是： (1). if (2). would。

42．考查被动语态。由plants第三人称单数，可知，一般现在时态的被动语态；结构是is/am/are+动词的过去分词。主语vegetables复数，用are；plant的过去分词是planted。

故答案是：are planted。

43．先找到人称代词 We作句子的主语放在句首，再找动词 can depend on 作句子的谓语，ourselves 作句子的宾语，放在动词depend on的后面；to work out不定式作目的状语。the problem 放在动词work out 后面做宾语，within two days时间状语放在句末。

故答案为：We can depend on ourselves to work out the problem within two days．

【点睛】

英语句型转换的技巧：

一、对特定（斜体、下划线、加粗）部分提问

1. 根据特定部分的内容找出合适的疑问词（who, whom, whose, which, when等）。

2. 将疑问词做主语放在句首，第一人称变为第二人称，其余部分变为一般疑问句跟在后面，特定部分不再出现。

二、同义句转换的技巧：

所谓同义句转换就是将一个句子用另一种形式表达出来，而且意思不变。因此，掌握的句型越多，做题就越方便、快捷、容易。但每种练习的方式总有一定的规律可循。

1. 用具有相同意思的词或词组进行转换。如：

例：She has a good time in Wuhan.

转换：She enjoys herself in Wuhan.

本题的第2小题：考查同义句。apologize to sb. 向某人道歉；可以表达为say sorry to sb. 向某人道歉。一般过去时态，谓语动词用say的过去式said。故答案是：said sorry to。

2. 借助于反义词或反义词组进行转换。如：

例：I can’t run as fast as my brother.

转换：I run more slowly than my brother.

My brother runs faster than I.

3. 词语的理解和运用

这里是指：由于词性不同，但所表达的意思相同的句型变换。

如：例：We often go to school on foot.

转换：We often walk to school.

44．B

45．C

46．A

47．D

48．C

49．B

【分析】

本文是一篇记叙文，简要介绍了飞行员Wiley Post的生平．他凭着对飞行事业的热爱，克服了重重困难，最终实现了自己的梦想。

44．细节理解题。根据文中" In 1913，Wiley saw something that forever changed his life﹣an airplane"可知，维利在1913年看到了一架飞机，这永远地改变了他的生活，故选B。

45．细节理解题。根据文中"Wiley Post began his career in flying，not as a pilot，but as a performer who jumps from airplanes using a parachute"和" He did this with a group that performed flying tricks to earn money"可知，维利开始了自己的飞行生涯，其职业并不是飞行员，而是从飞机上跳伞的表演者，他和一个出售飞机票赚钱的团队合作来赚钱。故选C。

46．细节理解题。根据文中He went to work in the oil﹣producing areas of Texas. 可知，他去了德克萨斯州的产油区工作，故选A。

47．细节理解题。根据文中Wiley Post began teaching himself to judge distance with only one eye.可知，他自学仅凭一只眼睛来判断距离，故选D。

48．代词指代题。根据文中But many people said Gatty was the real hero. 和 He had guided the flight及 This hurt Post. 可知，很多人说，加蒂是才是真正的英雄，是他（加蒂）给这次飞行导航的，这使波斯特伤心，故知"这"是指人们的这种无根据的说法（加蒂才是真正的英雄），故选C。

49．推理判断题。根据文中" In 1928，he got a job flying the plane that belonged to a rich oil producer from Oklahoma called F.C.Hall"可知，1928年，他得到了一项工作，即为俄克拉荷马州富有的石油生产商（霍尔）开飞机（而不是开他自己的飞机），故选B。

【点睛】

用细节定位法来做细节理解题。

细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的送分题。但由于中考所占的比例很大，应特别引起注意。

事实和细节题的命题特点是：把某词语、某个句子或某具体事实用不同于原文的另一方式或句型表达，即同义改写。解答这类题的窍门是：A)注意掌握英语的多种表达法；B）正确分析词语在句中的作用；C）熟练运用英语的句型转换；D）读懂题干所提出的问题，并准确地找到文中涉及该问题的句子。

做细节题具体方法与步骤如下：

① 略读材料,大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。

② 按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词，如for example，first，second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。

③ 将自己精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上，快速通篇跳读，眼睛自左至右，自上而下呈Z形扫视，直到找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。例如：本题的第1、2和第3、4小题就是利用这种解法。

50．C

51．D

52．A

53．B

54．D

55．B

【分析】

本文介绍了大自然最美丽的一个地方是一片充满明亮秋色的森林。树叶制造食物，使树木生长并获得能量。这一过程称为光合作用（光合作用）。树叶需要三件事来完成它们的工作。

1）叶子需要水，水是从树上获取的。2）树叶需要一种叫做二氧化碳的气体，它们从周围空气中吸入。3）所有的植物都称为叶绿素（Tug），它使叶子变绿。树叶也需要阳光。阳光和叶绿素共同作用使水和二氧化碳变成一种糖。这种糖是植物提供能量的食物。

50．句意：大自然最美丽的景观之一是一片秋色明媚的森林。

考查名词。A．records记录；B．animals动物；C．sights风景；D．manners举止。结合 a forest full of bright autumn colors森林里满是秋季明亮的颜色，故可知是风景，故选C。

51．句意：要回答这个问题，你需要了解剩下的重要工作。

考查动词。A．prevent阻止；B．include包括；C．control 控制；D．understand理解。结合 To answer this question，you need to___2___the important job that leaves do．为了回答这个问题，需要弄明白树叶的重要作用，故选D。

52．句意：叶子需要水，水是从树上通过茎得到的。

考查介词。A．through通过；B．with和；C．above在……上面；D．beside另外。结合Leaves need water，which they get from the tree树叶通过树茎获得水，故选A。

53．句意：所有的植物都依赖于一种叫做叶绿素的化学物质，这种化学物质使叶子呈现绿色。

考查短语。A. keep off不接近；B．rely on 依靠；C．turn into 变成；D．give up放弃。结合called chlorophyll（叶绿素），which gives leaves their green colour树叶是依靠叶绿素变换颜色，故选B。

54．句意：这种糖是为植物提供必要能量的食物。

考查形容词。A．impossible 不可能的； B． useless无用的； C． convenient便利的； D．necessary必须的。结合This sugar is the food that provides plants是提供给植物的必要的能量的食物，故选D。

55．句意：光合作用也为所有生物制造食物。

考查副词。A．almost几乎；B．also也；C．hardly几乎不； D． seldom很少。结合Photosynthesis doesn't just help plants stay alive光合作用不仅仅让植物活着，makes food for all living things．给所有的生物作为食物，可知这里指的是光合作用的两个作用，故用also也，故选B。

【点睛】

完形填空题与单项选择题不同，它给出的是一篇意思较为完整的短文。做该题型试题时，首先应跳过空格通读全文，以全文为背景，联系句子的上下文进行推理和判断，从4个选项中选出一项进行试填。考生可以从词义用法、固定搭配、逻辑推理和上下文的联系等方面去考虑。最后应再把全文通览一遍，细心检查所选答案能否使短文上下连贯，前后呼应，词句通顺，使短文意思完整。检查时还应从语法、惯用法、逻辑推理和事情发生的情节等方面进行考虑，以达到准确无误之目的。第1小题考查名词辨析。句意：大自然最美丽的景观之一是一片秋色明媚的森林。

A．records记录；B．animals动物；C．sights风景；D．manners举止。结合 a forest full of bright autumn colors森林里满是秋季明亮的颜色，故可知是风景，故选C。第5小题是考查形容词辨析。句意：这种糖是为植物提供必要能量的食物。A．impossible 不可能的； B．useless无用的；C．convenient便利的；D．necessary必须的。结合This sugar is the food that provides plants是提供给植物的必要的能量的食物，故选D。

56．one

57．remember/recall

58．after

59．how

60．discussions

61．sharing

62．important

【分析】

本文介绍了阿兹哈尔大学的创立。大约在988年，卡里奥市的领导们决定创建一所学习型学校，不久之后阿兹哈尔大学成立了。今天，世界上牛津、哈佛等最重要的大学仍然遵循阿兹哈尔大学的传统做法。

56．句意：一千年前在埃及发生的一次重要事件。

考查代词（数词）。分析句子结构可知，应填名词单数，或代词（单数），作为主语。根据语境可知，一千年前的埃及创建了一个重要的大学。one意思是"一个"，在此代指大学。故填：one。

57．句意：它最早建于公元972年，是为了纪念穆罕默德国王的女儿。

考查动词。分析句子结构可知，应填动词原形，构成不定式。根据语境可知，它建于972年，最初当作清真寺，是为了纪念国外穆罕默德的国王的女儿而建立的。remember/ recall记住（回忆）。故填：remember/ recall。

58．句意：大约在988年，卡里奥市的领导们决定创建一所学习型学校，不久之后阿兹哈尔大学成立了。

考查介词。分析句子结构可知，应填介词，和后面的代词组成介宾结构，充当状语。根据语境可知，约在988年，开罗市的官员决定创建一座学府，不久，爱资哈尔大学就成立了。after that在那之后，故填：after。

59．句意：因为大学是一个新的事物，阿兹哈尔的老师们需要考虑教授什么课程以及如何教授。

考查疑问副词。分析句子结构可知，and连接的是两个并列成分，故填疑问副词（代词），组成"疑问副词（代词）+不定式"，作为并列介宾。根据语境可知，爱资哈尔大学的老师需要思考教什么课程，和怎样教他们。how怎样；how to teach怎样教。故填：how。

60．句意：在一门课上，学生们与老师一起阅读和学习，但其中也有热烈而自由的讨论。

考查名词。分析句子结构可知，应填名词复数（或代词），作为主语。根据语境可知，在课上，学生跟老师一起学习，但是他们之间也存在激烈和自由的辩论。discussion讨论；discussion的复数是discussions，故填：discussions。

61．句意：在阿扎尔，人们不仅研究过去，而且在那里彼此交流新思想。

考查动名词。分析句子结构可知，应填动名词作为介宾。根据语境可知，它也是一个相互分享各自的想法的地方。share…with跟……分享……；hare的动名词是sharing，故填：sharing。

62．句意：今天，世界上许多最重要的大学，如牛津大学和哈佛大学，仍然沿袭着从阿扎尔开始的传统。

考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，应填形容词，作为定语。根据语境可知，今天，世界上牛津、哈佛等最重要的大学仍然遵循阿兹哈尔大学的传统做法。important重要的。故填：important。

63．No， it isn't

64．A social security number and a person's credit history

65．He can get around the town easily． He can live in the country in the future

66．By opening SelfScore

67．More than 99 percent

68．Yes，I do． Because the SelfScore also wants to get its money back．

【分析】

本文介绍了信用卡的作用。文章介绍了超过一百万的国际学生在美国学习，他们中的许多人发现拥有智能手机和美国信用卡是有帮助的。但是作为一名国际学生获得一张信用卡并不是一个简单的过程。但有一家公司正试图让这一过程对他们来说更加简单和公平。文中最后介绍来自66多个国家的大约10000名国际学生现在通过self score拥有信用卡。kapadia说，selfscore的信用卡持有者中，只有不到1%的人因为各种原因延迟还款。

63．细节理解题。题意是：留学生在美国能拿到信用卡很容易吗？根据语境 But getting a credit card as an international student is not a simple process但是，作为国际学生获得信用卡并不是一个简单的过程。可知不容易，故答案为：No，it isn't。

64．细节理解题。题意是：第二段中的"the things"指的是什么？ 根据语境Normal U．S．lenders ask for a social security number（社会保障号码）。In addition，They ask to see a person's credit history．普通的美国贷款人要求一个社会保险号码。此外，他们要求看一个人的信用历史。故答案为：A social security number and a person's credit history.

65．细节理解题。题意是：如果Jack Guo有信用卡，在美国能做什么？根据语境 He says having an American credit card makes it easier for students to get around town．And，he says，credit cards are important for international students who hope to live in the country in the future．他说，拥有一张美国信用卡使学生在城里走动更容易。而且，信用卡对于那些希望将来住在美国的国际学生来说也很重要。故答案为：He can get around the town easily．He can live in the country in the future.

66．细节理解题。题意是：卡帕迪如何摆脱他在获得美国信用卡方面的困难？根据语境He decided to open SelfScore他决定开通SelfScore。故答案为：By opening SelfScore。

67．细节理解题。题意是：根据Kapadia，有多少SelfScript的信用卡持有者按时付款？ 根据语境 Kapadia says less than one percent of Self Score's credit card holders are late for their payments because of different kinds of reasons．卡帕迪亚说，只有不到百分之一的SelfScore的信用卡持有人由于各种原因延迟付款。可知百分之九十九以上人按时还信用卡，故答案为：More than 99 percent.

68．表达观点题。根据自己的理解，言之有理即可。故答案为：Yes，I do．Because the SelfScore also wants to get its money back．

【点睛】

回答问题的任务型阅读

该题型是给同学们呈现一段阅读资料，然后设置几个问题，做题时，我们应该先浏览一下问题，心中对所给任务有一个初步的了解，带着问题去阅读，有针对性地阅读，提高阅读效率。

一、阅读全文，了解大意

在做任务型阅读题时，同学们应先浏览文章后所提出的问题，在浏览过任务后，应迅速回头阅读全文了解文章的主要内容，作者想表述的观点，情感等。

二、寻找细节，逐题攻克

对于任务型阅读中的细节考查题，需要同学们有对语言的理解和分析能力，并带着问题回到阅读材料中，采用跳读的方式来寻找细节所在的段落，然后锁定目标段落，寻找总结自己所要的答案。

本题的第1小题：细节理解题。题意是：留学生在美国能拿到信用卡很容易吗？根据语境 But getting a credit card as an international student is not a simple process但是，作为国际学生获得信用卡并不是一个简单的过程。可知不容易，故答案为：No，it isn't。

本题的第4小题：细节理解题。题意是：卡帕迪如何摆脱他在获得美国信用卡方面的困难？根据语境He decided to open SelfScore他决定开通SelfScore。故答案为：By opening SelfScore。

此外，同学们在答题和书写方面还要注意以下几点：

1. 作答时，要遵循的原则就是：能简略回答的，尽量简略回答。

2. 书写要规范整洁。句子开头首字母要大写；标点符号要规范，单词拼写要正确无误；注意时态的呼应和人称的转变。

3. 做出适当调整。在回答时，同学们应对照题目，根据需要对句子的人称、单复数、时态、语态、词性、主谓搭配等做出适当的调整。

69．As we all know， we are enjoying the convenience of our new ways of life， including mobike．（引出话题） We can easily find a public bike everywhere in Shanghai now and we never worry about where to park it． Riding a bicycle does good to our health and the environment as well（高分句型）． However， We should use a public bike properly． We can't use it if we're younger than 12．We should take good care of it instead of damaging it（高分句型）． We should park it in a parking spot after using it．（介绍为什么这么认为）

Public bikes bring us a lot of advantages， so we should protect them so that they can serve us longer．（建议）

【详解】

1. 题干解读：该题目属于记叙文写作，要求是：请以“ ________，一种崭新的生活方式”为题， 从以下图片中选取其中一张图片，举例表述你的思考和理由。内容包括：Which way do you choose to write about？Why do you think it a new way of life？Could you give some suggestions in order to make better use of it？

2.例文点评：例文采用二段式；用第一人称来叙述这种崭新的生活方式的内容；时态采用一般现在时为主；用句子As we all know，we are enjoying the convenience of our new ways of life，including mobike．来引出话题。

3. 高分亮点：

短语：take good care of；instead of；worry about；as we all know。

句型：1. We can't use it if we're younger than 12．如果我们不到12岁就不能用它。

本题是由if引导的条件状语从句。

2. Public bikes bring us a lot of advantages，so we should protect them so that they can serve us longer．公共自行车给我们带来很多好处，所以我们应该保护它们，使它们能为我们服务更长时间。

该句话是由so that引导的目的状语从句。