Unit 5 Music

李仕才

一、阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

For over a century，the Nashua River in Massachusetts provided power for mills(工厂)，which gave jobs to thousands of people.Over the years，these paper，cotton，wood，and woolen mills had dumped their waste into its waters.

By the 1960s，the Nashua River was about as polluted as any river could get.Its waters ran red or green or blue with dye (染料)from paper mills situated on its banks.The fumes(烟)from this dye blackened paint on the buildings near the river.

Then along came Marion Stoddart with a simple but overwhelming idea—clean up the Nashua.This was no one­woman campaign.Stoddart encouraged the paper mills and the business community to form partnerships to reclaim the river.She carried jars of dirty river water to local officials to demonstrate the seriousness of the problem.Stoddart talked with business leaders about economic problems.She talked with environmentalists about the long­term problems of pollution.

Stoddart knew that the State Water Pollution Control Board would have the final say on forcing the clean­up.When she spoke to the board，she insisted that the Nashua should be made safe for swimming.They thought her goals were unrealistic.

However，the partnerships Stoddart had helped form and the volunteers who were drawn to her cause never gave up.They all realized that cleaning up the river was in everyone's best interests.By 1993，several water treatment plants had been built，and a conservation area called a“greenway”had been created along the banks of the river.

Today mills are still operating along the river，but there are also fish in the river.The Nashua River welcomes boaters，naturalists，and even swimmers.None of this would have been possible without a woman of vision and a community working together.

1．What does the underlined word“reclaim” refer to?

A．Rescue. B．Enlarge.

C．Monitor. D．Explore.

2．What's the board's attitude to Stoddart's goal of improving the river?

A．Supportive. B．Doubtful.

C．Neutral. D．Cautious.

3．What kind of person is Marion Stoddart?

A．Independent and broad­minded.

B．Determined and far­sighted.

C．Intelligent and creative.

D．Stubborn and proud.

4．What message is conveyed through the no one­woman campaign?

A．It'll be all right on the night.

B．Prevention is better than cure.

C．Many hands make light work.

D．Failure is the mother of success.

【解题导语】本文讲的是Marion Stoddart如何联合个体、团体和政府部门共同治理河水污染。

【难句分析】None of this would have been possible without a woman of vision and a community working together.

分析：本句用了虚拟语气。None of this would have been possible表示与过去事实相反的情况，without引出虚拟条件。

译文：如果没有一个具有远见卓识的女人和一个一起努力的团体，所有这一切都是不可能的。

1．A　考查词义猜测。结合语境及上下文中出现的“clean up the Nashua”“the clean­up”“cleaning up the river”等信息可知，此处指的应是河流治理方面的内容，由此可推知画线词的意思应是“改造”，与A项意思相近，故选A。

2．B　考查观点态度。根据第四段中的“When she spoke to the board...They thought her goals were unrealistic”可知，该委员会认为Stoddart改善河流状况的目标不切实际，即是持怀疑的态度的，故选B。

3．B　考查推理判断。根据文章第三、四段中对Stoddart为了改善河流状况东奔西走的描述及最后一段中的“a woman of vision”可知，Marion Stoddart是一个有决心和有远见卓识的人。故选B。

4．C　考查推理判断。通读全文可知，改善纳舒厄河被污染的现状并不是Stoddart一个人的战斗，她还积极地联合个体、团体和政府部门共同治理河水污染，并最终收到成效。由此可知，C项“人多好办事，众人拾柴火焰高”符合题意。A项意为“车到山前必有路”；B项意为“预防优于补救”。

二、单句语法填空

1．The meeting didn't break ________until noon.

答案：up　break up “结束；解散”。

2．She buried her head under the covers, ________(pretend) to be asleep.

答案：pretending　此处She与pretend之间是主动关系，且pretend表示的动作几乎与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，故用现在分词pretending作伴随状语。

3．The process is ________(pain), but the result is desirable. Remember: no pains, no gains.

答案：painful　此处形容词painful “痛苦的”，作表语。

4．She was efficient and ________(rely), so we all liked her very much.

答案：reliable　此处形容词reliable “可靠的”，作表语。

5．He was full of ________(confident) that he would be admitted to the famous university.

答案：confidence　full of confidence “充满信心”。

6．It is hard for migrant workers ________(earn) a living, especially during the present financial crisis.

答案：to earn　此处to earn a living是不定式短语作主语，句首It是形式主语。

7．The old are very ________(attach) to old customs and habits.

答案：attached　be attached to “依恋……”。

8．Tom and his twin sisters are going to put on a ________ (perform) tomorrow evening.

答案：performance　put on a performance “演出”。

9．To be great, you must be smart, confident, and, ________all, honest.

答案：above　above all为固定短语，意为“最重要；首先”。

10．(2017·北京高考)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ________purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.

答案：whose　本空需要关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，句子还原后的表达是one of its purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation，这里把作定语的人称代词its改为whose，引导定语从句并在从句中作定语，指代前面的名词the World Food Programme，因此填whose。

三、完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。

(2018·海口调研)

My fiancé(未婚夫)and I decided today was the day to treat ourselves to a nice dinner.It __1__ as“our day”，but little did we know that it would turn into much __2__.I didn't want the whole day to be about wanting to __3__ the office for the upcoming(即将到来的)__4__ and I didn't want it to be just another romantic night for two，__5__ I decided to do something to make ourselves and others happy.

I began in small ways.I __6__ a few more coins into the food vending machines(自动售货机)at work for the staff，so that there would be something for the next __7__ worker.I posted smile signs in the hall which gave __8__ instructions on how to smile as __9__ entered the office，either before their morning cup of coffee or right before a meeting with their boss.I drafted some powerful words of inspiration on colorful strips of paper and decorated my __10__ ，so that any colleague who came by might just__11__ for a moment，read，and __12__ change their feeling.

When it came time for our lovely dinner to __13__ that night，I left the server a big __14__ and a well­wishing note for her to have a __15__ day.As my fiance and I were just about to leave our table，the waitress __16__ tears beside us.We asked her to __17__ with us and we just listened.As an emotional mother­to­be，I __18__ along with her，too.Our table for two was now for __19__.

It was a day that was not __20__ ours，but it was the waitress'day，my co­workers' day，and now it's your day too!

1．A.started　　　　　B．adapted

C．disappeared D．finished

2．A.later B．worse

C．more D．earlier

3．A.apply B．leave

C．find D．stay

4．A.party B．picnic

C．banquet D．dinner

5．A.if B．though

C．so D．because

6．A.turned B．put

C．made D．hid

7．A.full B．sleepy

C．angry D．hungry

8．A.few B．clean

C．clear D．puzzling

9．A.employees B．managers

C．friends D．bosses

10．A.home B．office

C．restaurant D．bedroom

11．A.stop B．run

C．eat D．buy

12．A.never B．hardly

C．frequently D．perhaps

13．A.change B．begin

C．arise D．end

14．A.bill B．tip

C．order D．menu

15．A.wonderful B．careful

C．busy D．anxious

16．A.looked into B．came into

C．made into D．burst into

17．A.stand up B．sit down

C．go away D．stay up

18．A.smiled B．shouted

C．cried D．cheered

19．A.three B．four

C．five D．six

20．A.ever B．usual

C．just D．even

【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者和她的未婚夫决定一起共进晚餐。在这本该属于他们自己的特殊一天里，作者却选择把关爱和欢乐一同送给同事、餐厅服务员、甚至是未曾谋面的陌生人，让爱和温暖滋润他人。

1．A　考查动词辨析。根据下文的“but little did we know that it would turn into much ________”及下文内容可知，这顿晚餐一开始只属于我们。start意为“开始”，符合语境。故选A。

2．C　考查形容词辨析。根据最后一段中的“but it was the waitress' day，my co­workers' day, and now it's your day too”可知，“我们”的这一天最后却变得更有意义，是更多人的一天。more 意为“更多”，符合语境。故选C。

3．B　考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指吃晚饭前先离开办公室。leave意为“离开”，符合语境。故选B。

4．D　考查名词辨析。根据第一段第一句中的“a nice dinner”可知，此处指即将到来的晚餐。故选D。

5．C　考查连词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指作者不想这一天只属于她和未婚夫，她也想给他人带来快乐。本句与上句构成因果关系。故选C。

6．B　考查动词辨析。根据语境及常识可知，硬币应该是放入自动售货机。B项意为“放，安置”，符合语境。故选B。

7．D　考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“food vending machines(自动售货机)”可知，此处指在自动售货机里放入多一些的硬币，是为了让下一个肚子饿了来买食物的同事有东西吃。hungry意为“饥饿的”，符合语境。故选D。

8．C　考查形容词辨析。根据空格后的“instructions”及上文中的“I posted smile signs in the hall”可知，此处指作者在大厅里贴出清晰易懂的笑脸示范。clear意为“清晰易懂的，明白清楚的”，符合语境。故选C。

9．A　考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“right before a meeting with their boss”可知，此处应指雇员。故选A。

10．B　考查名词辨析。根据空格后的“any colleague who came by”可知，作者装饰的是办公室。故选B。

11．A　考查动词辨析。根据空格后的“for a moment，read”可知，路过的同事们看到激励的话会停下来读一读。故选A。

12．D　考查副词辨析。根据语境可知，作者觉得这些激励的话可能会改变同事们的心情。此处表推测。故选D。

13．D　考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“I left the server...”可推知，此处应表示在晚餐结束要离开的时候。end意为“结束，终止”，符合语境。故选D。

14．B　考查名词辨析。根据语境及常识可知，在离开之前作者给服务员留下了很丰厚的小费。B项意为“小费”，符合语境。故选B。

15．A　考查形容词辨析。根据上文及“a well­wishing note”可知，作者的便条是祝愿服务员有美好的一天。wonderful意为“精彩的，绝妙的”，符合语境。故选A。

16．D　考查动词短语辨析。根据上下文语境可知，服务员看到作者的便条感动得哭了。burst into tears意为“突然哭了”，符合语境。故选D。

17．B　考查动词短语辨析。根据空格后的“with us”可知，作者邀请服务员坐下来，听她倾诉。B项意为“坐下”，符合语境。故选B。

18．C　考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“As an emotional mother­to­be”及语境可知，服务员突然哭起来，而作者作为一名感性的孕妇也陪她哭了起来。故选C。

19．A　考查数词辨析。根据上文可知，作者夫妇和服务员一起坐着，因此一共是三个人。故选A。

20．C　考查副词辨析。句意为：这一天已经不仅仅是属于我们的，也是属于服务员的、我的同事的而且现在也是你们的。just意为“仅仅”，符合语境。故选C。

四、单句改错

1．Her devotion in the job left her with very little free time.

________________________________________________________

答案：in→to　devotion名词“奉献；热爱”常与to搭配。

2．Help in form of money will be very welcome.

________________________________________________________

答案：in后加the　in the form of “以……形式”。

3．This is a kind of flower familiar with many of us.

________________________________________________________

答案：with→to　Sth. is familiar to sb. “某物是某人所熟知的”。

4．My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time.

________________________________________________________

答案：dreams后加of或about　dream of/about “梦想”。

5．He is so diligent that he never goes anywhere with a book.

________________________________________________________

答案：with→without　never ... without ... 是双重否定表达肯定含义的用法。

五、短文改错

(2017·福建省厦门市二模)

Last Sunday，I joined the voluntary group to help keep the traffic in good order at a big crossing near our school.At 8∶00 a．m.，we arrived there，wore red vests with the word VOLUNTEER on the back.We helped with the police remind the passers-by to obey traffic rule.To our delighted，they all waited for the green light patient except one motor-biker.We also give out some hand made brochures about traffic regulations，for that many people praised us.About 4 hours later，they said good-bye to the police and left.Tired as we were，we all felt an honor to do our parts.

答案：

Last Sunday，I joined voluntary group to help keep the traffic in good order at a big crossing near our school.At 8∶00 a．m.，we arrived there， red vests with the word VOLUNTEER on the back.We helped with the police remind the passers-by to obey traffic.To our，they all waited for the green light except one motor-biker.We also out some hand-made brochures about traffic regulations，for many people praised us.About 4 hours later， said good-bye to the police and left.Tired as we were，we all felt an honor to do our parts.

❶　解析：在全文中是第一次出现，不能用特指，而应用泛指。故将the改为a。

❷　解析：现在分词作状语表主动含义，此处wear的主语是we，其间是主动关系。

❸　解析：帮助某人做某事，不存在help with sb.sth这一搭配。故将with去掉。

❹　解析：交通法规为固定用语，法规肯定不可能就一个。故将rule改为rules。

❺　解析：固定用语，意为令我们高兴的是……。故将delighted改为delight。

❻　解析：副词修饰形容词，此处是用副词patiently修饰形容词waited。

❼　解析：整篇文章所描述的事情发生在过去，所以动词应用过去时态。

❽　解析：考查定语从句中介词＋which的用法，此处for是与后面praised相照应的，praise sb.for sth.

❾　解析：全篇的人称都是we我们，根据句意也应该是“我们和警察道别”。

　解析：it在此处作形式宾语不可省略，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。