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PartOne

:①BeowulfThenationalheroicepicoftheEnglishpeople.Ithasover3,000lines.Itdescribes
thebattlesbetweenthetwomonstersandBeowulf,whowonthebattlefinallyanddeadforthefatalwound.Thepoemendswiththefuneralofthehero.Themoststrikingfeatureinitspoeticalofandofmetaphors(暗喻Otheralliteration.featuresofitaretheuseformistheuseif.understatements(含蓄

Alliteration:②wordsinalinebeginwiththesame
Inalliterativeverse,certainaccented(重音.Therearegenerally4accentsinaline,3ofwhichshowalliteration,ascanconsonantsound(辅音beseenfromtheabovequotation.

③Romance:the
wasinfeudalEnglandprevailing(most流行的kindofliteratureThe
,散文sometimesinprose(sometimesinverse(诗篇,composition,Romance.Itwasalongseektoridingforthhero,usuallyaknight,asofdescribingthelifeandadventuresanoble,orfightingforhislordinbattleandtheswearingof竞赛adventures,takingpartintournament(oaths.

Epic:④Anepicisalengthynarrativepoem,ordinarilyconcerningaserioussubjectcontaining

detailsofheroicdeedsandeventssignificantlytoacultureornation.Thefirstepicsareknownasprimacy,ororiginalepics.

Ballad:⑤ThemostimportantdepartmentofEnglishfolkliteratureistheballadwhichisastory
Thelinesrhymed.thesecondandfourth4-lineinsong,usuallyinstanzas(诗节,withtoldsubjectsofballadsarevariousinkind,asthestruggleofyoungloversagainsttheirfeudal-mindedfamilies,theconflictbetweenloveandwealth,thecrueltyofjealousy,thecriticismofthecivilwar,绿林《(andthemattersandclassstruggle.Theparamount(卓越的importantballadisRobinHood.好汉》

GeoffreyChaucer⑥HewasanEnglishauthor,poet,philosopheranddiplomat.
乔叟:杰弗里?HeisthefounderofEnglishpoetry.HeobtainedagoodknowledgeofLatin,FrenchandItalian.
thewhich(《坎特伯雷故事集》,rememberednarrativeistheCanterburyTalesHisbeststime.Thatiswhy'suppliesaminiature(缩影oftheEnglishsocietyofChaucerPrologue(序言s'menandwomen”.ChauceraffirmsChaucerhasbeencalled“thefounderofEnglishrealismasceticism(禁欲主义thedogmaofopposes(pursuetheirhappinessonearthand反对rightto

senergy,intellect,'preached(鼓吹bythechurch.Asaforerunnerofhumanism,hepraisesmantoEnglishpoetrylieschieflyinthefactthathescontributionquickwitandloveoflife.Chaucer'coupletof5rhymedstanzaofvarioustypes,especiallytherhymedintroducedfromFrancethe
oldthepoetry,insteadof“heroic抑扬格meter(thecouplet”toEnglishiambic(accentsinAnglo-Saxonalliterativeverse.

《农夫皮尔斯》】PiersthePlowman朗兰威廉⑦【WilliamLangland?:

1

PartTwoTheEnglishBible:威约翰?
ThefirstcompleteEnglishBiblewastranslatedbyJohnWycliffe(.TheAuthorizedVersionisKingJamesBiblemadein1611.Theresultisamonumentof克里夫EnglishlanguageandEnglishliterature.

Renaissance:Renaissanceorthebirthoflettersisanintellectualmovement.Itstwofeaturesare

athirstingcuriosityfortheclassicalliteratureandthekeeninterestintheactivitiesofhumanity.Humanismisthekey-noteoftheRenaissance.

CaxtonWilliamEnglandthe:HeisthefirstEnglishprinterandinventedin威廉?卡克斯顿professionofpublisher.

MoreThomastheThomasMore,Englishhumanistswas莫尔:Thegreatestofthe托马斯?HeRenaissance.ofthe”ofsuch“giants(巨匠authorofUtopia《乌托邦》.Heisalsoonedistinguishedhimselfasalearnedscholar,amasterofLatin,awittytalker,aloverofmusic,an,tohisconvictions.坚定的honeststatesman,andamanofnoblecharacter,modestbutsteadfast(Hewasafar-sightedthinker,aspiredforatotallynewsocietywithhappy,classless,andfreefrompovertyandexploitation.Hewasoneoftheforerunnersofmodernsocialistthought.

Utopia:and
MoreaconservationbetweenwrittenintheformofItisMore'smasterpiece,
longabookcontainsintotwobooks.ThefirstHythloday,areturnedvoyager.ItisdivideddiscussiononthesocialconditionsofEngland.Inthesecondbookisdescribedindetailanidealand”“noplace“Utopia”comesfromGreekwordsmeaningcommunistsociety,Utopia.ThenamewasadoptedbyMoreasthenameofhisidealcommonwealth.

PhilipSidneyHeiswell-knownasapoetandcriticofpoetry.Hiscollectionof锡德尼?:菲利普《爱星者与星》,waspublishedin1591.lovesonnets,AstrophelandStellaSpenserEdmundthepoetofpoet's埃德蒙?斯宾塞(莎翁之前最杰出的英国诗人：The
periodwasESwhowasburiedbesideChaucerinWestminsterAbbey.EShasheldhispositionas

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