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2019年上海市杨浦区高考英语一模试卷[解析版]

时间：2019-04-25 19:03:14 下载该word文档

2019年上海市杨浦区高考英语一模试卷

I. Listening Comprehension

1．（1.5分）A． Job applicants．

B． University students．

C． News reporters．

D． Public speakers．

2．（1.5分）A． ﹩36．

B． ﹩60．

C． ﹩24．

D． ﹩30

3．（1.5分）A． Nervous．

B． Excited．

C． Surprised．

D． Calm．

4．（1.5分）A． They can hardly find time to do exercise．

B． Both of them are fond of doing exercise．

C． Doing exercise is the last thing they'd like to do．

D． The woman disagrees to do exercise with the man．

5．（1.5分）A． Student and teacher．

B． Guest and receptionist．

C． Customer and shop assistant．

D． Daughter and father．

6．（1.5分）A． The Student Union．

B． The Tutoring Service Center．

C． Her professor's office．

D． Her tutor's home．

7．（1.5分）A． The coverage of newspapers．

B． The nature of humans．

C． The increase of crime rate．

D． The impact of mass media．

8．（1.5分）A． Doctor Green is very busy on Mondays．

B． Doctor Green forgot to put the man on the schedule．

C． An unexpected patient visited Doctor Green last Monday．

D． Patients can usually see Doctor Green on schedule．

9．（1.5分）A． She is disappointed with his decision．

B． She is crazy about going camping in the tropical jungle．

C． She tries to persuade the man not to go with Jerry．

D． She suggests the man reconsider his plan．

10．（1.5分）A． Because he favors goods in physical stores．

B． Because he enjoys the offline shopping experience．

C． Because he doesn't have much money．

D． Because he doesn't like the shopping festival．

11．（4.5分）（1）A． A number of giant rats are hidden in the fields or forests．

B． Violent robbers may come out and hurt innocent civilians．

C． People may step onto a landmine（地雷） and get injured．

D． Other roads have a litter problem， which spoils good mood．

（2）A． It is a rare species of rat．

B． It has a good sense of smell．

C． It sacrifices its life to detect dangers．

D． It is terrified of explosive device．

（3）13minutes

B． 30minutes

C． 40minutes

D． 4days

12．（4.5分）（1）A． It bans the sales of salty and unhealthy food．

B． Its residents lose altogether 100，000kg by 2020．

C． Everyone weighs himself on giant scales in public．

D． Local doctors make personalized diets for everyone

（2）A． Local people share healthy diet with each other．

B． Thousands of residents kick football to keep slim．

C． Local restaurants use olive oil to replace butter．

D． Government officials persevere in physical exercise．

（3）A． Students are encouraged to walk or ride to school

B． Students are allowed to ride bicycles in school libraries．

C． Parents are offered devices to monitor children's walking time．

D． Fruits are provided for those who are addicted to online games．

13．（6分）（1）A． Neither of them can find a suitable game．

B． They are both enthusiastic about games．

C． Good games cost a large amount of money．

D． They often go Dutch when buying gifts．

（2）A． It includes fantasy role﹣playing．

B． It doesn't have an actual ending．

C． It is an expensive online game．

D． It is something like a racing game．

（3）A． Players have opportunities to make new friends．

B． Players can have face﹣to﹣face communication．

C． Players may be rewarded with delicious food．

D． Players can start the game at any time they want．

（4）A． Add variety to the recommended game．

B． Look around to find a cheaper online game．

C． Persuade the woman to change her mind．

D． Try to find an extraordinary online game．

II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.

14．（15分）

A newly discovered tea plant is caffeine﹣free

The world loves tea and some 3m tons of tea are consumed every year． Tea can be good for health， as it contains compounds that help to lower cholesterol（胆固醇）and reduce the risk of heart disease． But there is a downside． Tea contains caffeine which，（1）　　 it improves mental alertness， can also cause anxiety， insomnia and other problems．

（2）　　 would be agreeable is that a tea plant that provides all the taste and goodness but with little or （3）　　 of the caffeine has been found． Liang Chen and Ji﹣Qiang Jin of the Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences have discovered just such a plant （4）　　（grow） wild in a remote area in Fujian province， southern China．（5）　　 they report in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry， not only is the tea plant naturally caffeine﹣free but it also contains a number of unique medicinal compounds that， the locals believe， offer considerable health benefits．

（6）　　（know）locally as Hongyacha， the newly discovered plant grows only between 700 and 1，000 metres （7）　　 sea level around a handful of Chinese villages．

Now the researchers （8）　　（explore） methods to protect Hongyacha in its natural habitat while further studies are carried out． It can take time ﹣ and sometimes it does not work ﹣ for new plant varieties （9）　　（breed） for commercial use． A pair of naturally caffeine﹣free coffee plants were discovered in 2003， but little progress （10）　　（report） Tea enthusiasts will be watching Hongyacha with interest． And others will wonder what else is out there．

III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

15．（15分）According to German novelist Heinrich Mann （1871﹣1950）， a house without books is like a room without windows． Mann （1）　　 pointed out the value of books， but some researchers have found evidence that people with books in their homes really do gain a window on the world．

A new study in the journal Social Science Research， publishing in October， suggests that people who grow up with more books are more likely to have educational （2）　　， and to achieve more in life， than people who grow up without them． In the study， over 160，000 adults from 31 countries and regions were asked about the number of books there were in their homes when they were 16 years old． Then they were（3）　　 in literacy， numeracy （计算能力） and information communication technology．

The research shows that the number of books for each household （4）　　 greatly from country to country．（5）　　， the number of books is 27 in Turkey， 143 in the UK and 218 in Estonia． But "the total （6）　　 of home library size on literacy are large everywhere" ， according to researcher Joann Sikorn of Australian National University in a paper based on the study．

The researcher found that people who had lower levels of secondary education but had a large number of books at home got a（n）（7）　　 score as university graduates who grew up with only a few books．

The Guardian newspaper commented that "bookish adolescence makes for a good deal of educational advantage．"

"Reading books in a young age can （8）　　shortcomings not only in adult literacy but also numeracy； its impacts are （9）　　to additional years of education．" Sikora told Science Alert．

Apart from the educational benefits， growing up with more books also plays an important role in adult success．

"Early （10）　　 to books in the parental home matters because books are an essential part of routines and practices that（11）　　 lifelong cognitive （认知的）abilities"， Sikora told Science Alert． These abilities are（12）　　to future development．

Without doubt， the fact that we are moving toward a digital era could（13）　　 the importance of printed books． For now，（14）　　， "they still seem to（15）　　quite a large positive benefit， which shows no sign of decreasing"， researchers wrote in the paper．

Section BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

16．（8分）"Don't tell anyone"． We hear these words when someone tells a secret to us． But it can be hard to keep a secret． We're often tempted to "spill the beans "， even if we regret it later．

According to Asim Shah， professor in the Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Baylor College of Medicine， US， keeping a secret may well "become a burden"． This is because people often have an "obsessive （无法摆脱的） and anxious urge to share it with someone"．

An earlier study， led by Anita E． Kelly， a scientist at the University of Notre Dame， US， suggested that keeping a secret could cause stress． People entrusted with secrets can suffer from depression， anxiety， and body aches， reported the Daily Mail．

But with secrets so often getting out， why do people share them at all？ Shah explained that people often feel that it will help them keep a person as a friend． Another reason people share secrets is guilt over keeping it from someone close to them． A sense of distrust can develop when people who are close do not share it with each other． "Keeping or sharing secrets often puts people in a position of either gaining or losing the trust of someone．" according to Shah．

He added that talkative people could let secrets slip out． But this doesn't mean that it is a good idea only to share secrets with quiet people． A quiet person may be someone who keeps everything inside． To tell such a person a secret may cause them stress， and make them talk about the secret．

Shah said that to judge whether to tell someone a secret， you'd better put yourself in their position． Think about how you would feel to be told that you mustn't give the information away． Shah also recommended that if you accidentally give up someone's secret you should come clean about it． Let the person know that their secret isn't so secret anymore．

（1）The underlined phrase "spill the bean" is closest in meaning to　　．

A． let out a secret

B． tell the truth

C． eat our words

D． take gossip

（2）A person who is entrusted with a secret　　．

A． is oft often obsessed with a certain threat

B． often would rather not have been told about it

C． usually has a strong desire to keep it until death

D． may suffer from physical or psychological problems

（3）What can we learn from the passage？　　

A． Quiet people are more likely to keep the secrets to themselves．

B． Sharing secrets helps establish friendship or get over the sense of guilt．

C． It's better to inform others of the chances of your leaking secrets beforehand．

D． Putting yourself in others' shoes helps realize the difficulty of keeping secrets．

（4）What's the best title for the passage？　　

A． Walls have ears．

B． Still tongues make wise heads．

C． A word spoken is past recalling．

D． Every wall has a crack．

17．（6分）Does the thought of cooking an entire Christmas dinner for friends and family make you shudder？ Our cookery writer Sophie Godwin has created the ultimate simplified menu for a stress﹣free day． With a range of time﹣saving techniques and showstopping flavour twists，this is the only festive menu you'll ever need． Embrace the art of the shortcut!

Your timeplan to eat at 2 pm

View and print our at﹣a﹣glance infographic time plan．

• 11 am Take your turkey out of the fridge．

• 11.30 am Heat the oven． Prepare the rosemary butter and rub underneath the turkey skin．

• 12 pm Put the turkey in the oven to roast．

• 12.15 pm Boil the potatoes and root vegetables． Make the harissa & orange marmalade glaze． Chop the ingredients for the stuffing sprouts．

• 1 pm Baste the turkey， pour in the white wine and nestle cabbage wedges around the bird． Return to the oven．

• 1.10 pm Prepare the separate ingredients for the mackerel starter．

• 1.25 pm Smash the roasties and put them in the oven．

• 1.30 pm Check the turkey﹣take out to rest if the internal temperature has reached 65C．

Return the cabbage to the oven to finish cooking．

• 1.35 pm Toss the roasted roots in the harissa glaze， then put in the oven．

• 1.40 pm Make the gravy， cook the sprouts and keep warm．

•2 pm Sit down to the starter， with everything for your lunch ready to go．

•The dessert takes just 10 minutes to assemble ，so you can do it once you've enjoyed the main course．

Buy your ingredients

We've pre﹣loaded your shopping list so that you can quickly buy all your ingredients for this menu in one go． Just click below to be taken to your shopping list， where you can buy all your ingredients from your preferred supermarket， and remove any ingredients as needed， and even print the list， to use direct when shopping．（Serves 6）

Add to shopping List

The above shopping list is powered by Whisk． Please check your list thoroughly before purchasing． If the same items appear across different recipes they will not automatically combine in your list and you'll need to do this manually． Please also check the products that have been selected via the Whisk program， as you may prefer a different brand from that listed．

（1）Which section CAN'T we find on the website？　　

A． Classic cocktails

B． Vegetarian Christmas

C． Roast calculator

D． Wealth management

（2）How long does it take to toast the turkey？　　

A． 1 hour

B． 2 hours

C． 1.5 hours

D． 2.5 hours

（3）Which of the following is True？　　

A． The entire Christmas dinner is composed of a roasted turkey and dessert．

B． The automatically﹣generated shopping list is just for user's reference．

C． Most of the ingredients on the shopping list come from the same brand．

D． You can buy all your ingredients online through Whisky by one click．

18．（8分）You're walking down a quiet street and suddenly you hear some footsteps．Undoubtedly ，it means that there's someone around． But have you ever wonder why it occurs to us that it's someone else's footsteps ， not ours？

According to a new study published in the journal Nature in September， this phenomenon arises from a function in our brain to ignore the noise we make ourselves．

In order to explore how our brain does this， a group of scientists carried out an experiment with mice at Duke University． The research entered on an intuition（直觉）﹣﹣﹣that we are usually unaware of the sound of our own footsteps ﹣﹣﹣as a vehicle for understanding larger neural（神经系统的） phenomena； how this behavior reveals the ability to monitor， recognize， and remember the sound of one's own movements in relation to those of their larger environments．

In the experiment， research controlled the sounds of a group of mice could hear， reported Science Daily． During the first several days， the mice would hear the same sound each time they took a step． This was just like "running on a tiny piano with each key playing exactly the same note"， senior study author Richard Mooney， a professor of neurobiology at Duke University， told Live Science．

Scientists found that their auditory cortex （听觉皮层） ﹣ the area of the brain that processes sound ﹣ became active at first but decreased its response to the sound after two or three minutes when the mice became familiar with it．

" It's almost like they were wearing special headphones that could filter（过滤） out the sound of their own movements．" David Schneider， an assistant professor at the Center for Neutral Science at New York University， told HuffPost．

But once the sound changed， their auditory cortex became active again． This suggests that the "sensory filter" in a mouse's brain could help it detect new sounds or abnormal noise in the environment easily after tuning out familiar sounds．

"For mice， this is really important，" said Schneider． "They are prey animals， so they really need to be able to listen for a cat creeping up on them， even when they're walking and making noise．

Being able to ignore the sounds of one's own movements is likely important for humans as well． But the ability to predict the sounds of our own actions is also important for more complex human behaviors such as speaking or playing an instrument．

"When we learn to speak or to play music， we predict what sounds we are going to hear ﹣ such as when we prepare to strike keys on a piano ﹣ and we compare this to what we actually hear， "explains Schneider． "We use mismatches between expectation and experience to change how we play ﹣ and we get better over time because our brain is trying to minimize these errors．"

（1）What can be discovered about mice in the experiment？　　

A． Their brain responds inactively to the familiar sounds

B． They are able to detect sounds other animals don't notice．

C． They cannot identify different sounds except their own footsteps．

D． Different areas of their brain are responsible for different sounds．

（2）What's the function of the sensory filter？　　

A． Getting used to abnormal or unfamiliar sounds．

B． Ignoring the sounds made by our companions．

C． Identifying the sounds from a larger environment

D． Being sensitive to the sounds of our own movement．

（3）Why can a good symphony conductor immediately recognize it when a wrong note is played？　　

A． He has the ability to match the wrong note with the instrument player．

B． He has an intuition that he should ignore the sound of his own movement．

C． He has a low expectation and knows where players are likely to make errors．

D． He has a good prediction of how each note should be played in the orchestra．

（4）What can be inferred from the passage？　　

A． Noise﹣filtering ability ensures us a quiet and undisturbed environment．

B． The ability to ignore familiar noises helps to detect potential dangers．

C． The activeness of auditory cortex determines our activity performance．

D． Sound﹣predicting ability seems not so important for humans as for animals．

ection CDirections： Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

19．（8分）A． Pronouns offer an insight into whether people see themselves as individuals or as part of a whole．

B． If you are speaking in a person context， you're speaking about something that's of relevance to you．C． Their research also found that "we﹣talk" is helpful for resolving conflicts．

D． Self﹣centered people are found to be indifferent to many things in society and other people because all their concentration is only on themselves and their needs．

E． This analysis of "we﹣talk" suggested that the frequent use of "we" and "us" is linked to happier and healthier relationships．

F． They found that too much "I﹣talk" was an accurate linguistic marker for the likelihood that someone is feeling stressed or experiencing negative emotions．

Building a lasting social relationship

We all know that friends are special people who we share our lives with， and who share their lives with us in return． But seeking friends and keeping the friendship going are never easy．

According to research recently published in the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships， the key is to use "we﹣talk"．

Led by University of California psychologist Megan Robins and her colleagues， the researchers reviewed and analyzed 30 different studies involving over 5， 000 participants．

（1）　　．

The word "we" moves people from an individual position into a partnership， which makes us more interdependent．" （2）　　．Word use is a window into what people are thinking and feeling without asking them．" Robbins told Science Daily．

（3）　　． The primary point is that interdependence may bring about supportive and relationship﹣centered behaviors and positive perceptions of the partner﹣﹣especially important in times of stress and disagreement．

Contrary to "we﹣talk"， there is "I﹣talk"， which refers to the frequent use of the first﹣person singular pronouns， such as "I"， "me" and "mine"， when writing or speaking． Earlier this year， researcher analyzed a set of data that came from 4，7000 people in Germany and the US．（4）　　． As you can see from the two studies， too much "I﹣talk" can make you feel depressed． But "we﹣talk" can encourage you to become more positive and create a chain effect of healthy interdependence with others．

So next time you are talking to a friend， try using more "we﹣talk"． You may find yourself feeling more positive﹣﹣and the effect it will have on your friend will be positive as well．

IV. Summary Writing

20．（10分）Directions： Read the following passage． Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible．

When we wake up feeling sleepy and with dark circles under eyes， many of us often think：" I'm going to go to bed earlier tomorrow!" But however determined we are， chances are that we don't stick to our promise． This behavior is called "bedtime procrastination（拖延症）"．

According to a study carried out by a group of health psychologists at Utrecht University in the Netherlands in 2014， bedtime procrastination is a common problem． In their study， 53 percent of the 2，400 participants said they didn't follow their sleep schedule， delaying it at least twice a week．

It's found that they delayed bedtime not because they liked to stay up late， but they couldn't stop doing other unimportant things， which were keeping them up in the first place．

"People who generally have trouble resisting temptations and sticking to their intentions are more likely to delay going to bed．" Floor Kroese， a psychologist at Utrecht University， further explained to HuffPost．

Yet， according to scientists， lack of self﹣control is not the only thing to blame． Our body clock also plays an important role when it comes to bed time． In order to check the influence of the body clock on sleep， psychologists at Ulm University in Germany studied the sleep patterns of 108 people in February． It was found that those who get up late are more likely to postpone their bedtime than those who wake early every morning．

"The intention to go to bed earlier is not enough，" Jane Kuhnel， a psychologist at Ulm University， concluded in Popular Science． "Biological processes need to support this intention．"

People always think that bedtime procrastination isn't a big problem， but as Kroese told Popular Science， "the choices we make that affect out sleep could turn out to be pretty important for our health．"

V. TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.

21．（5分）无论幸福的定义如何变化，人们永远不会放弃追求幸福的权利．（right）　　

22．（5分）在团队精神的鼓舞下，研究小组的每个成员都为新项目做出了自己的贡献．（contribution）　　

23．（5分）越来越多年轻人遭受着精神问题的困扰，这是由日益加增的生活压力造成的．　　

24．（5分）在人类身上使用基因编辑技术是非常危险的．它不仅违背了医学伦理道德，并且可能产生无法预知的后果．（Not）　　

VI. Guided Writing

25．（20分）Directions： Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．

请简要描述图片，并结合生活实际谈谈你的看法．

2019年上海市杨浦区高考英语一模试卷

参考答案与试题解析

I. Listening Comprehension

1．【解答】略

2．【解答】略

3．【解答】略

4．【解答】略

5．【解答】略

6．【解答】略

7．【解答】略

8．【解答】略

9．【解答】略

10．【解答】略

11．【解答】略

12．【解答】略

13．【解答】略

14．【解答】1． although．考查连词，although引导让步状语从句，虽然提高了精神警觉，故填although．

2．What，考查连词，该句是what引导的主语从句，因为从句中缺少主语，故填what．

3． none．考查代词，没有一种咖啡因被发现，表示没有任何一种，故填none．

4． growing．考查非谓语，grow与plant之间是动宾关系，故填growing作后置定语，故填growing．

5．As．考查连词，as引导定语从句，翻译成"正如，正像"，故填as．

6． Known．考查非谓语，be known as：被称为，作为..被熟知，这里是过去分词做状语，故填known．

7．above．考查介词，海平线1000米以上，故填above．

8． are exploring．考查时态，根据now可知使用现在进行时，主语是复数，故填are exploring．

9． to be bred．考查语态，to do这里表将来，将来被培育的新品种，故填to be bred．

10． has been reported．考查时态，但是没有报道任何进展，因为是进展做主语，故使用被动，表示动作的持续，故填has been reported．

15．【解答】1﹣15 ABCDC ADACD CBABC

1．A．副词的辨析，simply简单地，definitely绝对地，generally一般而言，randomly随意地，Mann只是指出书的重要性而已，故答案为A．

2．B．名词的辨析，backgrounds背景，advantages优点，requirements要求，development发展，研究表明成长中有更多书的人更有可能有教育上的优势，故答案为B．

3．C．动词的辨析，estimated估计，examined检测，tested试验，investigated调查，接着这些人被测试他们的文化和计算机能力等，故答案为C．

4．D．动词的辨析，changes改变，alters改变，shifts改变，varies各异，研究表明家庭里的藏书不同国家间各异，故答案为D．

5．C．短语的辨析， By comparison相比之下，As a result结果，For instance例如，In total总共，一下列举了不同国家的例子，故答案为C．

6．A．名词的辨析，effects影响，expenses费用，inputs输入，contributions贡献，家庭的藏书对文化总的影响还是很大的，故答案为A．

7．D．形容词的辨析，higher更高的，lower更低的，average平均的，similar相似的，研究者发现受教育低但家里书很多的人跟教育程度高但书少的人获得的分数很相近，故答案为D．

8．A．短语的辨析，make up for弥补，break up with分离，live up to履行，catch up with赶上，年轻的时候读书能弥补文化上和计算能力上的缺点，故答案为A．

9．C．形容词的辨析，senior年老的，essential必要的，equal平等的，familiar熟悉的，此处指读书对人的影响等同于另外的受教育年限，故答案为C．

10．D．名词的辨析，addition另外，engagement约定，devotion致力，exposure接触，此处指早期在家里的成长接触书是非常重要的，故答案为D．

11．C．动词的辨析，prove证明，demonstrate展示，enhance增强，acquire习得，书对于增强人们一生的认知能力是有必要的，故答案为C．

12．B．形容词的辨析，relevant相关的，crucial决定性的，opposite相反的，compulsory义务的，这些能力对于将来的发展具有关键性的作用，故答案为B．

13．A．动词的辨析，weaken变弱，highlight强调，overestimate评价过高，reflect反映，毫无疑问我们现在生活的数码时代会使纸质书的重要性变弱，故答案为A．

14．B．副词的辨析，therefore所以，however然而，otherwise不然的话，likewise同样地，前后句子构成转折的关系，故答案为B．

15．C．动词的辨析，enjoy享受，obtain获得，maintain保持，reduce减少，直到现在，书似乎还是对人有积极的作用，故答案为C．

16．【解答】1．A．词义猜测题．根据文章第一段内容，"Don't tell anyone"． We hear these words when someone tells a secret to us． But it can be hard to keep a secret． We're often tempted to "spill the beans "， even if we regret it later．"不要告诉任何人"．当有人告诉我们一个秘密时，我们会听到这些话．但是很难保守秘密．即使我们后来后悔了，我们也经常想把保守的秘密透露出去，结合选项，故选A．

2．D．细节题．根据文章第三段内容， People entrusted with secrets can suffer from depression， anxiety， and body aches．知道他人秘密、替他人保守秘密的人会患上抑郁症、焦虑症和身体疼痛．．结合选项，故选D．

3．D．推理题．根据文章最后一段内容，Shah said that to judge whether to tell someone a secret， you'd better put yourself in their position． Think about how you would feel to be told that you mustn't give the information away．由此可知，沙阿Shah 说，要判断是否要告诉别人一个秘密，你最好把自己放在他们的位置上．想想当别人告诉你不要泄露这些信息时你会有什么感觉，要从自己的感受中体会到保守一个秘密的难度，结合选项，故选D．

4．D．主旨题．根据文章内容，主要讲述了每个人都有秘密，每个人都会替别人保守秘密，可是心中的秘密过多是对身体不好的，会造成压力．同时秘密也不可能被永远保守，只要是发生了的事情总是会被他人知道的．结合选项，故选D．

17．【解答】1．D．推理判断题．根据文章倒数第二段We've pre﹣loaded your shopping list so that you can quickly buy all your ingredients for this menu in one go．可知，该网站是购买食材的，故我们在网站上找不到财富管理部分．故选D．

2．C．细节理解题．根据 1 pm Baste the turkey， pour in the white wine and nestle cabbage wedges around the bird．以及1.30 pm Check the turkey﹣take out to rest if the internal temperature has reached 65C可知，烤火鸡需要1.5小时．故选C．

3．B．细节理解题．根据倒数第二段Just click below to be taken to your shopping list， where you can buy all your ingredients from your preferred supermarket， and remove any ingredients as needed， and even print the list， to use direct when shopping．可知，自动生成的购物清单仅供用户参考．故选B．

18．【解答】1． A．细节理解题．根据倒数第四段的句子：This suggests that the "sensory filter" in a mouse's brain could help it detect new sounds or abnormal noise in the environment easily after tuning out familiar sounds．这表明老鼠大脑中的"感觉过滤器"可以帮助它在排除熟悉的声音后，很容易地检测到新的声音或环境中的异常噪音．所以A选项他们的大脑对熟悉的声音反应迟钝．是实验的结果，故选A．

2． C．推理判断题．根据倒数第五段的句子：It's almost like they were wearing special headphones that could filter（过滤） out the sound of their own movements这就像他们戴着特殊的耳机，可以过滤掉自己运动的声音．可见这种过滤器可以识别大环境中的声音，所以选C．

3． D．推理判断题．根据倒数第二段句子；Being able to ignore the sounds of one's own movements is likely important for humans as well． But the ability to predict the sounds of our own actions is also important．能够忽略自己动作的声音对人类来说也很重要．但是预测自己动作声音的能力对于更复杂的人类行为来说也很重要，可见一个好的指挥家对在管弦乐队中如何演奏每个音符有很好的预测．故选D．

4． B．推理判断题．着时间的推移，根据第一段句子：You're walking down a quiet street and suddenly you hear some footsteps．Undoubtedly ，it means that there's someone around． But have you ever wonder why it occurs to us that it's someone else's footsteps ， not ours？你走在一条安静的街道上，突然听到一些脚步声．毫无疑问，这意味着周围有人．但你有没有想过为什么我们会想到这是别人的脚步声，而不是我们的？可以判断出如果人类有忽视熟悉噪音的能力，有助于发现潜在危险，所以选B．

19．【解答】1．E．推理判断题．根据文章前文Led by University of California psychologist Megan Robins and her colleagues， the researchers reviewed and analyzed 30 different studies involving over 5， 000 participants由加州大学心理学家梅根•罗宾斯和她的同事领导，研究人员对30项不同的研究进行了回顾和分析，涉及超过5项；可知交谈"表明，频繁使用"我们"和"我们"与更幸福、更健康的关系有关；故选E．

2．A．推理判断题．根据前文The word "we" moves people from an individual position into a partnership， which makes us more interdependent我们"这个词将人们从个人职位转移到合伙企业，罗宾斯告诉"科学日报"；可知代词有助于洞察人们是把自己看作是个人还是整体的一部分；故选A．

3．C．推理判断题．根据后文The primary point is that interdependence may bring about supportive and relationship﹣centered behaviors and positive perceptions of the partner﹣﹣especially important in times of stress and disagreement最主要的一点是，相互依存可能会带来支持性、以关系为中心的行为以及对伴侣的积极看法﹣尤其重要的是在压力和分歧的时候．可知他们的研究还发现，"我们﹣交谈"有助于解决冲突；故选C．

4．F．推理判断题．根据后文As you can see from the two studies， too much "I﹣talk" can make you feel depressed从这两项研究可以看出，太多的"I﹣Talk"会让你感到沮丧，但是"我们交谈"会鼓励你变得更加积极，并创造出与他人健康相互依存的连锁效应．可知他们发现，过多的"I﹣Talk"是一个准确的语言标记，可以反映某人感到压力或经历负面情绪的可能性；故选F

IV. Summary Writing

20．【解答】Two studies carried out separately in Netherlands and Germany find that lack of self﹣control and the influence of body clock on sleep are to blame for "bedtime procrastination "， the behavior of delaying going to bed．（要点Psychologists reached the conclusion by following participants' sleep schedule and studying sleep patterns．（高分句型一）（要点二）They warn that bedtime procrastination is potentially bad for health．（高分句型二）（要点三）

V. TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.

21．【解答】答案：No matter how happiness changes in definition ， people will never give up their right to pursue happiness根据句意和所给部分可知这里使用no matter how引导让步状语从句，give up放弃．

22．【解答】答案：Inspired by the team spirit ， every member of the research group made his contributions to the new project．根据句意和所给部分可知这里使用过去分词作状语，make contributions to对…做出贡献．

23．【解答】答案：More and more people suffer from mental problems ，which results from the increasing pressure in life．根据句意和所给部分可知这里使用动词短语suffer from意为"遭受"，which引导非限制性定语从句，result from源自．

24．【解答】答案：Using genetic editing technology on humans is risky．Not only is it against medical ethics /morality ， but also it could lead to unforeseen consequences．根据句意和所给部分可知这里使用not only…but also…，not only后面的句子用倒装，but also后面的不倒装．

VI. Guided Writing

25．【解答】As is shown in the passage， different people have different opinions about success． Some people think success is simple and direct， while in fact， the way to success is twist and it needs hard work．【高分句型一】（图画内容）

In my opinion， in order to become successful， you should first of all be both perseverant and hardworking． As you know， whatever you do， there are always two possible results： success and failure． When you fail， you should never lose heart． On the contrary， you must build up your confidence and work even harder． You should always keep in mind that perseverance is the mother of success and industry is the key to it． In addition， you should pay great attention to your work method． It is necessary for you to sum up your experience constantly and improve the efficiency of your work．【高分句型二】Finally， it is important for you to get along well with your co﹣workers， care for each other and help each other． If you follow these principles， you will certainly achieve remarkable success in the future．（自己的看法）