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    2018年上海市浦东新区高考二模英语(含听力)试题(解析版)

    时间：2022-11-07 23:37:55    下载该word文档
    上海市浦东新区2018届高三下学期教学质量检测(二模
    英语试题
    I.ListeningComprehensionSectionA—10分
    Directions:InSectionA.youwillhearfenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.
    1.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
    A.Challenges.【答案】B【解析】
    【原文】M:Thesetofstampsarerare.Ittookmealongtimetocollectthem.Bytheway,doyoulikecollectingstamps?
    W:Yes,butIprefersomethingchallenging.Q:Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?2.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
    A.Interesting.【答案】C【解析】
    B.Boring.
    C.Difficult.
    D.Amazing.
    B.Hobbies.
    C.Jobs.
    D.Experiences.

    【原文】W:HowdoyoufindyourShanghaidialectlearning,Mike?M:Oh,it’squitebeyondmycapacity.
    Q:WhatdoesthemanthinkoflearningShanghaidialect?3.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
    A.WatchingTVandvideos.B.ReplacingvideoswithTV.C.Parents’involvement.D.Havingbabysitters.【答案】C【解析】
    【原文】W:SometimeswhenI’mbusy,Iletmybabywatchvideos.Canthishelphismentaldevelopment?M:Passiveactivityprobablywon’thurt,butTVandvideosarepoorsubstitutesforparents’involvement.Q:Whatisgoodforbabies’mentalgrowthaccordingtotheman?4.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
    A.Apoliceman.【答案】D【解析】
    【原文】M:IneedyourIDandaccountnumberbeforeIcancashyourcheck.W:Sure,here’smypassportanddrivinglicenseandmyaccountnumberisonthiscard.Q:What’stheman’soccupation?
    B.Anaccountant.
    C.Asalesman.
    D.Abankteller.

    5.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A.7:40.【答案】A【解析】
    【原文】M:Takeiteasy.It’sonly7:30now.Therearestill15minutestogobeforethemoviestarts.W:Don’tyourememberourclockis10minutesslow?Q:What’sthetimenow?
    6.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
    A.Hewillgetsomeonetodoit.B.Sheshoulddoitherself.C.Theydon’thavetodoit.D.Hewillcleanthedeskrightaway.【答案】C【解析】
    【原文】W:Hey,honey,canyougrabadusterandgetthisdeskcleaned?M:Oh,don’tbother.Weareleavinginaminute.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?7.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
    A.Bybus.
    B.Bysubway.
    C.Bytaxi.
    D.Bycar.
    B.7:15.
    C.7:20.
    D.7:45.

    【答案】B【解析】
    【原文】W:AnexhibitionofPicasso’spaintingsisbeingheld.Doyouwanttogowithme?
    M:HowcanImissit!Butwiththebusdriversonstrikeandtaxissoexpensive,wehavenochoicebuttotakethesubway.Ifonlywehadacar.Q:Howwilltheygototheexhibition?8.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
    A.Heisnotagoodmechanic.B.Hedoesn’tkeephisword.
    C.Hespendshissparetimedoingrepairs.D.Heisalwaysreadytoofferhelptoothers.【答案】B【解析】
    【原文】W:Tomsaidhewouldcometorepairoursolarheaterwhenhehadtime.M:Heoftensaysheiswillingtohelp,butheneverseemstohavetime.Q:WhatdoesthemanimplyaboutTom?9.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
    A.Shehasbeenhavingasadday.B.Sheneedstotakeadayoff.C.Shewantstoplaybasketball,too.D.Shehasbeenannoyedbythenoise.

    【答案】D【解析】
    【原文】M:Whyhaven’tyoudoneyourhomeworkyet?It’sbeenawholeday.
    W:Oh,Daddy!HowcanIconcentratewiththatnoise?Theboyshavebeenplayingbasketballalldaylong,justoutsidemywindow.Q:Whatdoesthegirlmean?10.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
    A.Themanisn’tsureabouttherehearsal.B.It’sbetterforthewomantowearacostume.C.Thewomanwouldregretitifsheworeacostume.D.Itwouldn’tmakeanydifferenceifthewomandidit.【答案】B【解析】
    【原文】W:WoulditbeOKifIworeacostumefortherehearsaltomorrow?M:Ohyouwouldregretitifyoudidn’t.Q:Whatcanwelearnfromthedialogue?
    SectionB—15分
    Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearqquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.
    Questionsarebasedonthefollowingpassage.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】

    11.
    A.Hequalifiedasateacher.B.Hebecameastudent.
    C.Hebecameagovernmentresearcher.D.HeconductedaresearchonZimbabwe.12.
    A.Children’smindsarenotusedtothefull.B.Itisagreatdrainonchildren’stimeandenergy.C.Ithighlightstheflexibilityofchildren’sminds.
    D.Itpreventschildrenfromseekinganswersbythemselves.13.
    A.ToteachpeopletounderstandtheworldB.Toinstructpeoplehowtoraisegoodquestions.C.Toencouragepeopletostudyastheygetolder.D.Toinformpeopleofproblemsinforeigncountries.【答案】11.B12.C13.B【解析】
    【原文】“Youarenevertoooldtolearn.”iswhatmyfatheralwaystoldme,andheprovedit.Attheageof55,hequitworkingtobecomeafull-timestudentatourlocaluniversity,studyinggovernmentandpoliticalscience.Iunderstandnowwhyhedidit.Educationiskindofwastedontheyoung.Sure,weteachchildrenbecauseyoungmindsareflexibleandopen,butmakingthemmemorizehundredsoffactsisapoorsubstitutionforlearning.Ithinkthegreatestservicewecandoistoteachchildrentoaskquestionsandguidetheminseekingtheanswersforthemselves.“What’sthecapitalofZimbabwe?”isamuchlessimportantquestionthan,“WhatproblemsdopeoplehaveinZimbabwe?”Ifpeopleweretaughttoasktherightquestions

    fromayoungage,theworldwouldn’tbeashardtounderstandwhenthey’reolder.Ithinkthat’sthewaymyfathersawit.Questions
    Whatdidhisfatherdolaterinhislife?
    Whichofthefollowingstatementiswrongaboutmemorizingfacts?What’shisfather’sopiniononthemainpurposeofeducation?
    Questionsarebasedonthefollowingpassage.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】14.
    A.Toserveasatimekiller.B.Tocultivatepeople’sreadingkillsC.Topromotethesalesofsomebooks.
    D.Toencouragepeopletotakepublictransportation15
    A.Thestoriesaretheshorteditionofsomewebsitearticles.B.Userscanchoosethelengthandtypeofthestories.C.Thestoriesareobtainedbysimplypressingabutton.D.Usersdon’tneedtopayfortheshortstories.16.
    A.Fromtheboringtravelexperience.B.Fromtheloveforshortstories.C.FromthepositivefeedbackD.Fromthesnackvendingmachine.【答案】14.A15.B16.D
    .

    【解析】
    【原文】ReadersinGrenoble,aFrenchcity,cannowenjoyasmallbiteoffictioninsteadofthesnacksfromthevendingmachineaftertheintroductionofeightshort-storydispensers.
    Thefreestoriesareavailableatthetouchofabutton,printingoutonrollsofpaperlikeareceipt.Readersareabletochooseoneminute,threeminutesorfiveminutesoffiction.Justtwoweekssincelaunch,morethan10,000storieshavealreadybeenprinted.
    Thefeedbackisoverwhelminglypositive.ThereareonlyeightdispensersinthecityofGrenoblefornow,butmoreareplannedtobeintroduced.Requestsarefromallovertheworld—Australia,theUS,Canada,Russia,Greece,ItalyandChile.
    Pleplé,theFrenchpublisher,hopesthestorieswillbeusedtofillthe“deadtime”ofaregularjourneytoandfromtheplaceofone’swork.Inthebusorthemetro,everyonecanmakethemostofthesemomentstoreadshortstories,poemsorshortcomics.
    Thestoriesaredrawnfromthemorethan60,000storiesonShortédition’scommunitywebsite.Usersarenotabletochoosewhattypeofstory—romantic,fantasticalorcomic—theywouldliketoread.
    Pleplésaidheandhisteaminitiallycameupwiththeideawhenhavingabreakatthesnackvendingmachine.Theythoughtitwouldbecooltohaveitforshortstories.Then,acoupleofdayslater,theshort-storydispenserwasborn.Questions:
    Whatisthepurposeofthestorydispenser?Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaboutthestories?WheredoesPleplé’sinspirationcomefrom?
    Questionsarebasedonthefollowingpassage.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】17.A.5.18.
    A.Becausehisfriendsdon’tgetoffworktill5p.m.
    B.BecausetherewillbemorefriendstogotothecinemaonFriday.
    B.7.
    C.8.
    D.10.

    C.BecausethefilmwillbemorepopularthantheWednesday’s.D.Becausetherearenotenoughticketsleftforthe9p.m.showing.19.
    A.Payingadeposit.B.E-orderinginadvance.C.Payingrightaway.
    D.Collectingticketsonedayahead.20.A.Thefilm.
    B.Thedate
    C.Theseating.
    D.Theviewers.
    【答案】17.A18.D19.C20.A【解析】
    【原文】W:WelcometoWandaInternationalCinema.CanIhelpyou?M:Umm…Iwanttoknowwhen“OperationRedSea”isshowingtoday.
    W:Thereare6showingstoday,oneinthemorning,anotheratnoon,andthen3p.m.,6p.m.,9p.m.,andamidnightshowing.
    M:OK,Iwant5ticketsforthe9p.m.showingtonight.Aretherestill5ticketsavailablethatareseatedtogether?
    W:I’msorry,thereareonly3ticketsleft.Howaboutthe6p.m.showing?Therearestill7ticketsleftforthatshow.
    M:Butwehaveadatefordinnerat5p.m.,sowewon'tmakethebeginningofthemovie.W:Sowouldyouliketoseeanothermovie?“DetectiveChinaTown2”isverypopular,too.
    M:No,weallwanttoseethisone.IsthereanywaythatwecouldbuyticketsnowforFriday’sscreens?W:Youcanorderticketsrightnowforthenextthreedays.It’sWednesdaytoday.So,that’sOK.Whattimewouldyoulike?
    M:The9p.m.showing.IthinktheremightbemorepeoplewhowanttoseethemovieonFriday.HowmanyticketscanIbuyatonetime?

    W:Thelimitforadvancedticketsis10.
    M:OK,I'llhave8ticketsfortheshowingof“OperationRedSea”.Aretheticketsavailable?W:Yes,you’relucky.
    M:Bytheway,whencanIpickupthetickets?W:Youcanhavethemrightnowifyoupayforthem.M:Great!Thanks!Questions:
    Howmanyticketsdoesthemanwanttobuyforthe9p.m.showingonWednesday?WhydoesthemandecidetobuytheFriday'stickets?Whatwillthemanprobablydotoensure8ticketsforFriday?Whatdoesthemaninsistson?
    II.GrammarandvocabularySectionA—10分
    Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.
    Pumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.WhenreportscameintotheLondonZoothatawildpuma___21___(spotfortymilessouthofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously.However,astheevidencebegantoaccumulate,expertsdecidedtoinvestigate.
    Thehunt___22___thepumabeganinasmallvillagewhereawoman___23___(pickblackberriessaw“alargecat”onlyfiveyardsawayfromher.Itimmediatelyranawaywhenshesawit,andexpertsconfirmedthatapumawillnotattackahumanbeing___24___itiscornered.Thesearchproveddifficult,forthepumawasoftenobservedatoneplaceinthemorningandat___25___placetwentymilesawayintheevening.___26___itwent,itleftbehinditatrailofdeaddeerandsmallanimalslikerabbits.Severalpeoplecomplainedofcat-likenoisesatnightandabusinessmanona___27___(fishtripsawthepumaupatree.
    Theexpertswerenowfullyconvincedthattheanimalwasapuma,___28___wherehaditcomefrom?Asnopumashadbeenreportedmissingfromanyzoointhecountry,thisone___29___havebeeninthepossessionofaprivatecollectorandsomehowmanagedtoescape.Thehuntwentonforseveralweeks,but

    thepumawasnotcaught.Itisdisturbing___30___(thinkadangerouswildanimalisstillatlargeinthequietcountryside.
    【答案】21.hadbeenspotted22.for23.picking24.unless25.another26.Wherever27.fishing28.but29.must30.tothink【解析】
    本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了有人发现一只野生美洲狮出现在伦敦以南40英里处的一个村子里，专家们已经展开调查，这引发了人们的不安。【21题详解】
    考查时态语态。句意：当伦敦动物园接到报告说在伦敦以南40英里处发现了一只野生美洲狮时，他们并没有认真对待。awildpuma与spot是被动关系，而且这一动作发生在came之前，也就是过去的过去，所以用过去完成时的被动语态，故填hadbeenspotted。【22题详解】
    考查介词。句意：搜寻美洲狮的行动始于一个小村庄，在那里一位摘黑莓的妇女看到“一只大猫”离她只有五码远。hunt常于for搭配，表示“搜寻、寻找”，故填for。【23题详解】
    考查非谓语动词。句意同上，awoman与pick之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作后置定语，故填picking。【24题详解】

    考查条件状语从句。句意：专家证实，美洲狮除非被逼入绝境，否则不会攻击人类。此处表示一种条件，根据“itiscornered”可知此处表示“除非”，故填unless。【25题详解】
    考查固定搭配。句意：事实证明，寻找美洲狮是困难的，因为人们常常在早晨的一个地方发现美洲狮，晚上却在20英里外的另一个地方发现它。此处与前面的one构成固定搭配，one...another...表示“一个……，另一个……”，故填another。【26题详解】
    考查让步状语从句。句意：它所到之处，总会留下一串死鹿和死兔子之类的小动物。根据句意可知此处用wherever引导让步状语从句，相当于nomatterwhere,表示“无论什么地方、所到之处”，故填Wherever。【27题详解】
    考查名词。句意：有几个人说晚上听到猫一样的叫声，一个商人在钓鱼时看见美洲狮在树上。根据句意可知此处用名词作定语，onafishingtrip表示“钓鱼时（路上）”，故填fishing。【28题详解】
    考查连词。句意：现在专家们已经完全肯定那只动物就是美洲狮，但它是从哪里来的呢？根据句意可知前后是转折关系，故填but。【29题详解】
    考查“情态动词+havedone”结构。句意：由于没有报告说这个国家的任何一个动物园有美洲狮失踪，这只美洲狮一定是一个私人收藏家藏着的，不知怎的设法逃走了。根据“Asnopumashadbeenreportedmissingfromanyzoointhecountry”可知此处用musthavedone表示对过去事情的肯定推测，故填must。【30题详解】
    考查非谓语动词。句意：一想到一种危险的野生动物仍在安静的乡村逍遥法外就令人不安。此处为“itis+adj+todo”结构，故填tothink。

    SectionB—10分
    Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.
    A.networkB.specifyC.traditionallyD.ingredientE.uneasyF.additionalG.culturallyH.blockI.determineJ.requirementK.critical

    Amulticulturalpersonissomeonewhoisdeeplyconvincedthatallculturesareequallygood,enjoyslearningtherichvarietyofculturesintheworld,andmostlikelyhasbeenexposedtomorethanonecultureinhisorherlifetime.
    Youcannotmotivateanyone,especiallysomeoneofanotherculture,untilthatpersonhasacceptedyou.Amultilingualsalespersoncanexplaintheadvantagesofaproductinotherlanguages,butamulticulturalsalespersoncanmotivateforeignerstobuyit.That’sa(an___31___difference.
    Noonelikesforeignerswhoarearrogant(自大的abouttheirownculture.Thetroubleismostpeoplearearrogantlymonoculturalwithoutbeingawareofitandeventhosewhoarecan’thideit.Foreignerssensemonoculturalarroganceatonceandsetuptheirownculturalbarriers,whichmayeffectively___32___anyattemptbythemonoculturalpersontomotivatethem.
    Multiculturalismisa(an___33___thathasbeenneglectedtooofteninhiringmanagersforinternationalpositions.Evenifyourcompanyisnotamultinationalone,chancesareyou’reintouchwithforeigncustomersormanufacturers.Doyouhavetherightemployeetobuildupthe___34___?
    For20-oddyears,I’verunanexecutive-searchfirmfromBrussels.Whenclientsaskustofindtherightpersonforanewpan-Europeansalesormanagementposition,Istartbyaskingthemto___35___thequalificationstheiridealcandidatewouldhave.Mostoftentheylistthesamequalitiestheywouldwantforadomesticposition,butwiththe___36___requirementthatthenewmanagerbefluentenoughinEnglish,GermanandFrenchtocopewithfaxesandemail.Itsometimestakesmehourstopersuadeclientsthatthelinguistic(语言的abilitiestheyseeascrucialarenotenough.

    Ofcourse,it’sfarmoredifficultto___37___candidatesmulticulturalismthanitistochecktheirlanguageskills—butit’salsoafarmoreimportant___38___tosuccess.IrememberacompanythataskedmetocheckoutasalesmantheywereplanningtosendtoMexico.He’dstudiedSpanish,andhadgrownupinNewYorkCity—themost___39___diverseplaceinAmerica.ButwhenIinterviewedhim,heturnedouttohavenoconceptofthegreatprideMexicanstookintheirculture,andmoreoverhewas____40____aboutMexicanrestaurantsandmarketsbeingdirtyandunsafe.IrejectedhimjustasMexicanbuyerswouldhaveifhe’dbeenselectedforthejob.【答案】31.K32.H33.J34.A35.B36.F37.I38.D39.G40.E【解析】
    本文是一篇说明文，介绍了多元文化及其对工作【31题详解】
    影响。
    考查形容词。句意：这是一个关键的区别。修饰名词difference用形容词，根据“Amultilingual
    salespersoncanexplaintheadvantagesofaproductinotherlanguages,butamulticulturalsalespersoncanmotivateforeignerstobuyit.”可知此处表示“关键的”，故填K。【32题详解】
    考查动词。句意：外国人一下子就感受到了单一文化的傲慢，并设置了自己的文化壁垒，这可能会有效地阻止单一文化者试图激励他们。此处缺少动词作谓语，根据“Foreignerssensemonoculturalarroganceatonceandsetuptheirownculturalbarriers,”可知此处表示“阻止”，故填H。【33题详解】
    考查名词。句意：多元文化是招聘经理在担任国际职位时常常被忽视的一项要求。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词作表语，根据“thathasbeenneglectedtooofteninhiringmanagersforinternationalpositions.”可知此处表示“要求”，故填J。
    的

    【34题详解】
    考查名词。句意：你有合适的员工来建立关系网吗？此处缺少名词作动词短语buildup的宾语，根据“Evenifyourcompanyisnotamultinationalone,chancesareyou’reintouchwithforeigncustomersormanufacturers”可知此处指“网络、关系网”，故填A。【35题详解】
    考查动词。句意：当客户要求我们为一个新的泛欧销售或管理职位找到合适的人选时，我首先要求他们详细说明他们理想的候选人应该具备的资格。asksbtosth表示“要求某人做某事”，此处需要填动词原形，根据“thequalificationstheiridealcandidatewouldhave.”可知此处表示“详细说明”，故填B。【36题详解】
    考查形容词。句意：大多数情况下，他们列出的素质与国内职位的要求相同，但另外要求新任经理英语、德语和法语流利，足以应付传真和电子邮件。修饰名词requirement用形容词，根据“Mostoftentheylistthesamequalitiestheywouldwantforadomesticposition,butwiththe”可知此处指“额外的”，故填F。【37题详解】
    考查动词。句意：当然，确定候选人的多元文化比检查他们的语言技能要困难得多，但这也是成功的一个重要因素。空前的to为不定式符号，此处需要填动词原形，根据“candidatesmulticulturalismthanitistochecktheirlanguageskills”可知此处表示“确定”，故填I。【38题详解】
    考查名词。句意同上。分析句子结构并结合句意可知此处缺少名词作表语，aningredientto表示“通往……的一个要素”，故填D。【39题详解】
    考查副词。句意：他学过西班牙语，在纽约长大，那里是美国最具文化多样性的地方。修饰形容词diverse用副词，本文主要讨论的就是多元文化，因此此处表示“文化上”，故填G。【40题详解】

    考查形容词。句意：但当我采访他时，他竟然没有意识到墨西哥人在他们的文化中所表现出的巨大自豪感，而且他对墨西哥餐馆和市场肮脏和不安全感到不安。此处缺少形容词作表语，根据“aboutMexicanrestaurantsandmarketsbeingdirtyandunsafe.”可知此处表示“不安的”，故填E。
    III.ReadingComprehensionSectionA—15分
    Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.
    HailingfromSweden,“plogging”isafitnesscrazethatseesparticipantspickupplasticlitterwhilejoggingaddingavirtuous,environmentallydrivenelementtothesport.Ploggingappearstohavestartedaround2016,butisnowgoingglobal,duetoincreasingawarenessand___41___overplasticlevelsintheocean.
    Theappealofploggingisits___42___—allyouneedisrunninggearandabinbag,andthefeelingofgettingfitwhilesupportingagoodcause.Byaddingregularsquats(蹲topickupjunkandcarrying___43___tojogging.wecanassumethehealthbenefitsareincreased.
    Runningandgoodcauseshavealwaysgone___44___—justthinkofallthefundraisingmarathonrunnersdo.Buttherecouldn’tbeamoreon-trendwayofkeepingfitthanplogging.
    Anythingthat’sgettingpeopleoutinnatureandconnecting___45___withtheirIenvironmentisagoodthing,saysLizzieCarr,anenvironmentalistwhohelpedsetupPlasticPatrol,anationwidecampaignto___46___ourinlandwaterwaysofplasticpollution.There’sbeenareal___47___inthepublicmindsetaroundplastics,helpedbythingslikeBluePlanethighlightinghowdisastrousthecrisisis,”shesays.
    Weneedtokeepmomentumhighandthepressureup,andempowerpeoplethrough___48___likeploggingandPlasticPatrol.
    TheplasticPatrolappallowsusersto___49___plasticanywhereintheworldbycollectingdiscardeditems,photographingthemand___50___totheapp,givingusabetterknowledgeofwhatsortsofplasticandwhichbrandsarebeingthrownout.“I’durgeallploggerstogetinvolved,”addsCarr.
    Ploggingisn’tthefirstfitnesstrendtocombinerunningwithagoodcause,Herearesomeofourfavourites:
    GoodGym

    Itsideaissimple:goforarun,visitanelderlyperson,haveachatandsometea,andrunback.___51___amongtheelderlyisagrowingproblemintheUK.Withover10,000runssofar,___52___,GoodGymisfindingasolution.
    GuideRunning
    Guiderunnersvolunteertheirtimetohelpingblindpeopleget___53___.Bylinkingthemselvestogether,the___54___—impairedindividualcanfeelsafewhilebothworkofasweat.
    ___55___fortheHomeless
    Start-upStuartDeliveryandtheChurchHousingTrustcollaboratedlastyearinbringingclothingandhealthyfoodtothehomeless.Deliveriesaremostlymadebybike,sothosewhodeliverkeepfitwhilehelpingroughsleepers(无家可归者.41.A.satisfaction42.A.complexity43.A.substance44.A.oneonone45.A.positively46.A.accuse47.A.shift48.A.motives49.A.eliminate50.A.leading
    B.hesitationB.simplicityB.responsibilityB.headtotoeB.neutrallyB.ridB.interestB.performancesB.mapB.devoting
    C.fearC.instrumentC.valueC.handinhandC.objectivelyC.assureC.aidC.exercisesC.seekC.endingC.SicknessC.howeverC.activeC.visibly
    D.controlD.expenseD.weightD.onandoffD.fairlyD.robD.delightD.initiativesD.degradeD.uploadingD.LonelinessD.insteadD.smartD.sensibly
    51.A.DisappointmentB.Tiredness52.A.therefore53.A.excited54.A.visually
    B.moreoverB.readyB.audibly

    55.A.RunningB.PloggingC.DrivingD.Cycling
    【答案】41.C42.B43.D44.C45.A46.B47.A48.D49.B50.D51.D52.C53.C54.A55.D【解析】【分析】
    本文是一篇说明文，介绍了拾荒慢跑和其他几项把锻炼和公益结合起来的运动方式。【41题详解】
    考查名词词义辨析。句意：但由于人们对海洋中的塑料含量越来越敏感和恐惧，拾荒慢跑正在走向全球。A.satisfaction满意；B.hesitation犹豫；C.fear害怕、恐惧；D.control控制。上文说拾荒慢跑是在跑步的同时捡塑料垃圾，因此世界各地的人参与到这项运动中来是因为他们对海洋中越来越多的塑料感到敏感和恐惧，故C项正确。【42题详解】
    考查名词词义辨析。句意：拾荒慢跑的吸引力在于它的简单（简易行），你所需要的只是跑步装备和垃圾袋，以及在支持一项公益事业的同时获得健康的感觉。A.complexity复杂性；B.simplicity简单、简易；C.instrument仪器；D.expense开支。根据破折号后的解释说明可知，拾荒慢跑的吸引力在于它的简单（简易行），故B项正确。【43题详解】
    考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过经常下蹲来捡垃圾和负重慢跑，我们锻炼身体的效果也增强了。A.substance实质；B.responsibility责任；C.value价值；D.weight重量。带着捡起来的垃圾一起跑自然是在跑步的同时负重，故D项正确。【44题详解】
    考查介词短语辨析。句意：跑步和公益事业总是相辅相成的，想想马拉松选手们的筹款活动就知道了。A.oneonone一对一；B.headtotoe从头到脚；C.handinhand手拉手、相辅相成；D.onandoff断断续续。根据空后所说的马拉松选手们通过跑马拉松来筹款可知，跑步和公益事业是相辅相成的，故C项正确。

    【45题详解】
    考查副词词义辨析。句意：任何能让人们融入大自然并与周围环境保持积极联系的事情都是件好事。A.positively积极地；B.neutrally中立地；C.objectively客观地；D.fairly公平地。根据空前的“gettingpeopleoutinnature”可知此处指“让人们融入大自然并与周围环境保持积极联系”，故A项正确。【46题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意：利齐·卡尔是一个环保主义者，他帮助发起塑料侦查运动，它是一项全国性的运动，旨在消除我们内陆水域的塑料污染。A.accuse控告；B.rid摆脱、去掉；C.assure担保；D.rob抢夺。塑料侦查运动的目的自然是要消除塑料污染，故B项正确。【47题详解】
    考查名词词义辨析。句意：公众对塑料的观念有了真正的转变，这得益于《蓝色星球》等影片突显出这场危机的灾难性。A.shift转变；B.interest兴趣；C.aid援助；D.delight高兴。《蓝色星球》等影片突显出这场危机的灾难性，这让公众对塑料的观念有了真正的转变，故A项正确。【48题详解】
    考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们需要保持良好的势头，让人们感受到环保的压力，并通过拾荒慢跑和塑料侦查等举措（活动）让人们切实参与进来。A.motives动机；B.performances表演；C.exercises锻炼；D.initiatives举措。根据上文的介绍可知，拾荒慢跑和塑料侦查是清除塑料污染的两个举措（活动），故D项正确。【49题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意：这款名为“塑料侦查”的应用程序能让全球的用户把收集的废弃塑料标注在地图上、用户可以拍照上传，让我们更好地了解哪些塑料以及哪些品牌正在被丢弃。A.eliminate消除；B.map在地图上标注；C.seek寻找；D.degrade贬低。根据空后的“plasticanywhereintheworldbycollectingdiscardeditems,photographingthemand___10___totheapp”可知，“塑料侦查”能让全球的用户把收集的废弃塑料标注在地图上、用户可以拍照上传，故B项正确。【50题详解】

    考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.leading导致；B.devoting致力于；C.ending结束；D.uploading上传。根据空前的“photographingthem”可知，用户拍完照后把照片上传到应用程序上，故D项正确。【51题详解】
    考查名词词义辨析。句意：在英国，老年人的孤独感是一个日益严重的问题。但目前随着超过一万人参加这项跑步活动，“好健身”找到了解决之道。A.Disappointment失望；B.Tiredness劳累；C.Sickness虚弱；D.Loneliness孤独、寂寞。根据常识可知，孤独感是老年人面临的一大严重问题，故D项正确。【52题详解】
    考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.therefore因此；B.moreover此外；C.however然而；D.instead相反。根据句意可知前后是转折关系，故C项正确。【53题详解】
    考查形容词词义辨析。句意：导盲跑者自愿抽出时间帮助盲人活动起来（参与体育活动），通过将他们联系在一起，视力受损的人可以感到安全。A.excited兴奋的；B.ready准备好的；C.active活跃的、活动的；D.smart聪明的。根据常识可知，盲人是无法独自进行跑步这样的活动的，而导盲跑者可以帮助他们参与体育活动，故C项正确。【54题详解】
    考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.visually视觉上；B.audibly听觉上；C.visibly明显地；D.sensibly明显地。根据常识可知，盲人在视力上受损，故A项正确。【55题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意：为无家可归者骑行。A.Running跑步；B.Plogging拾荒慢跑；C.Driving驾驶；D.Cycling骑行。本段主要讲的是去年，StuartDelivery和ChurchHousingTrust合作，为无家可归者提供衣物和健康食品，送货大多是骑自行车，所以送货的人在帮助无家可归者的同时保持健康，因此此处是指“为无家可归者骑行”，故D项正确。
    【点睛】在完形填空的解题过程中，破折号后起解释说明或举例说明的句子往往是重要线索，例如本篇第2空，根据破折号后的“allyouneedisrunninggearandabinbag,andthefeelingofgettingfitwhile

    supportingagoodcause.”可知，你所需要的只是跑步装备和垃圾袋，以及在支持一项公益事业的同时获得健康的感觉，这是对空处的解释说明，旨在说明拾荒慢跑的吸引力在于它很简单，没有太多繁琐的要求，故B项simplicity正确。
    SectionB—22分
    Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.
    (A
    In1982,IhadresponsibilityforStephenHawking’sthirdacademicbookforthePress,SuperspaceandSupergravity.Thiswasamessycollectionofpapersfromatechnicalworkshoponhowtodeviseanewtheoryofgravity.Whilethatbookwasinproduction,Isuggestedhetrysomethingeasier:apopularbookaboutthenatureoftheUniverse,suitableforthegeneralmarket.
    Stephenhesitatedovermysuggestion.Healreadyhadaninternationalreputationasabrillianttheoreticalphysicistworkingonrotatingblackholesandtheoriesofgravity.Andhehadconcernsaboutfinancialmatters:importantly,itwasimpossibleforhimtoobtainanyformoflifeinsurancetoprotecthisfamilyintheeventofhisdeathorbecomingtotallydependentonnursingcare.So,hetookprecioustimeoutfromhisresearchtopreparetheroughdraftofabook.
    Atthetime,severalbestsellingphysicsauthorshadalreadypublishednon-technicalbooksontheearlyUniverseandblackholes.Stephendecidedtowriteamorepersonalapproach,byexplaininghisownresearchincosmologyandquantumtheory.
    Oneafternoon,inthe1980s,heinvitedmetotakealookatthefirstdraft,butfirsthewantedtodiscusscash.Hetoldmehehadspentconsiderabletimeawayfromhisresearch,andthatheexpectedadvancesandroyalties(定金和版税tobelarge.WhenIpressedhimonthemarketthatheforesaw,heinsistedthatitbeonsale,upfront,atallairportbookshopsintheUKandtheUS.Itoldthatwasatoughcallforauniversitypress.ThenIthumbedthetypescript.Tomydismay,thetextwasfartootechnicalforageneralreader.
    Afewweekslaterheshowedmearevision,muchimproved.Eventually,hedecidedtoplaceitwithamassmarketpublisherratherthanauniversitypress.BantampublishedABriefHistoryofTimeinMarch1988.Salestookofflikearocket,anditrankedasabestsellerforatleastfiveyears.Thebook’simpactonthepopularizationofsciencehasbeenincalculable.
    56.WhatsuggestiondidthewritergivetoStephenHawking?

    A.SimplifyingSuperspaceandSupergravity.B.Formulatinganewtheoryofgravity.
    C.Writingapopularbookonthenatureoftheuniverse.D.Revisingabookbasedonanewtheory.
    57.WhichofthefollowingwasStephenHawkingmostconcernedabout?A.Financialreturns.B.Othercompetitors.C.Publishinghouses.D.Hisfamily’slifeinsurance.
    58.Theunderlinedwordthumbedisclosestinmeaningto.A.praisedB.typedC.confirmedD.browsed
    59.ThegreatestcontributionofthebookABriefHistoryofTimeliesin.A.bringinghimovernightfameinthescientificworldB.keepingupthelivingstandardofhisfamily
    C.makingpopularscienceavailabletothegeneralpublicD.creatingtherocketingsalesofatechnicalbook【答案】56.C57.A58.D59.C【解析】【分析】

    本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了霍金的《时间简史》这本书的出版幕后的故事。【56题详解】
    细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Isuggestedhetrysomethingeasier:apopularbookaboutthenatureoftheUniverse,suitableforthegeneralmarket.”可知，作者建议霍金尝试一些更简单的东西：一本关于宇宙本质的畅销书，适合普通市场，也就是说作者建议霍金写一本关于宇宙本质的畅销书，故C项正确。【57题详解】
    细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Andhehadconcernsaboutfinancialmatters:importantly,itwasimpossibleforhimtoobtainanyformoflifeinsurancetoprotecthisfamilyintheeventofhisdeathorbecomingtotallydependentonnursingcare.”可知，他还担心经济问题：重要的是，在他死亡或完全依赖护理的情况下，他不可能获得任何形式的人寿保险来保护他的家人，再根据第四段中的“butfirsthewantedtodiscusscash.”可知，他首先想谈谈钱的问题，由此可知，霍金最关心的是经济回报，故A项正确。【58题详解】
    词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Tomydismay,thetextwasfartootechnicalforageneralreader.”可知，令作者沮丧的是，这篇文章对一般读者来说太专业了，这是作者看完这篇文章的打字稿之后的感受，这说明作者刚刚看过了打字稿，由此可知画线词词义为“翻阅、浏览”，故D项正确。【59题详解】
    细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Thebook’simpactonthepopularizationofsciencehasbeenincalculable.”可知，《时间简史》这本书对科学普及的影响是无法估量的，由此可知，《时间简史》的最大贡献在于让大众可以接触到大众科学，故C项正确。
    【点睛】本篇第3题词义猜测题的难度较大，抓住画线词后作者的感受是关键，根据画线词后的“Tomydismay,thetextwasfartootechnicalforageneralreader.”可知，令作者沮丧的是，这篇文章对一般读者来说太专业了，这是作者看完这篇文章的打字稿之后的感受，这说明作者刚刚看过了打字稿，由此可知画线词词义为“翻阅、浏览”。
    (B

    Conventionalwisdommaytellyouthatamaster’sdegreefromHarvardBusinessSchoolintheUSisthekeytoaFortune500job,whilethesamedegreefromtheWhartonSchooloftheUniversityofPennsylvania,US,meansapossiblecareeronWallStreet.

    Itseemsthatthegraduateschoolyougotosomewhatdecidesyourfuture.AndarecentNewYorkTimesarticlerevealsthecorrelationbetweenMBA(MasterofBusinessAdministrationgraduatesatcertainUSschoolsandcareerprospects.
    ToworkatAmazon
    RossSchoolofBusiness(UniversityofMichigan

    AmazonregularlyhiresmoreMBAsfromtop10businessschoolsthanbigWallStreetfirms.AndalargechunkofAmericansemployeesarefromRoss.GraduatePeterFaricyvicepresidentofAmazonMarketplace,saysthereasonbehindthisisthatRoss’curriculum-relatedofferings,aproblem-solvingcourseforinstance,areparticularlywellsuitedtoAmazon.
    ToworkatMcKinsey&Company
    KelloggSchoolofManagement(Northwestern
    ForanMBA,landingajobatMcKinseyisliketryingtogetintoacompetitivebusinessschoolalloveragain.However,Kellogggraduatesperformwellinthefiercecompetition.Theschool’sMBAsareindemandateliteconsultingfirms,whichhired35percentofKellogggraduateslastyear,ahigherpercentagethanatHarvard(23percentandStanford(16percent.
    ToworkatApple
    FuquaSchoolofBusiness(Duke
    ,

    Siliconalleyhasn’talwayswelcomedMBAs.However,twoofApple’stop10executivescomefromFuqua.Applehashired32Fuquagraduatesoverthepastfiveyears,andprovided42internshipsforDukestudents.

    TostartyourowncompanyHarvardBusinessSchool
    TheextensiveresourcesHarvardhasdevotedtoitsentrepreneurialofferingsinrecentyearsarestartingtoshowrealresults.Bymanyaccounts,ithassurpassedStanfordasthetopentrepreneurialhot-bedintheUS.60.Whichuniversityoffersstudentsacourseonvariousapproachestodifficultiesatwork?A.KelloggSchoolofManagement.B.RossSchoolofBusiness.C.HarvardBusinessSchool.D.FuquaSchoolofBusiness.
    61.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?A.ConsultingcompaniesfavorMBAstudentsfromKellogg.B.Stanfordproducesthegreatestnumberofbusinessleaders.C.ToworkatApple,MBAgraduateshaveanadvantage.D.WallStreetemploysmoreMBAsfromtop10thanAmazon.
    62.Ifyouwanttoworkintheareaofhi-techelectronicproducts,youmaychoosetostudyin.A.WhartonSchool
    B.KelloggSchoolofManagementC.RossSchoolofBusiness

    D.FuquaSchoolofBusiness【答案】60.B61.A62.D【解析】
    本文是一篇应用文，介绍了美国几个大学的专业优势与毕业生的就业情况。【60题详解】
    细节理解题。根据第三段中的“thereasonbehindthisisthatRoss’curriculum-relatedofferings,aproblem-solvingcourseforinstance,areparticularlywellsuitedtoAmazon”可知，罗斯商学院为学生开设了各种解决工作困难的方法的课程，故B项正确。【61题详解】
    细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Theschool’sMBAsareindemandateliteconsultingfirms,whichhired35percentofKellogggraduateslastyear,ahigherpercentagethanatHarvard(23percentandStanford(16percent.”可知，该校的MBA在精英咨询公司很受欢迎，这些公司去年聘用了凯洛格35%的毕业生，这一比例高于哈佛（23%）和斯坦福（16%），由此可知，咨询公司青睐凯洛格的MBA学生，故A项正确。【62题详解】
    推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“However,twoofApple’stop10executivescomefromFuqua.Applehashired32Fuquagraduatesoverthepastfiveyears,”可知，苹果前十名高管中有两位来自福库。过去五年，苹果公司雇佣了32名福库商学院的毕业生，由此可知，福库商学院的毕业生在电子产品领域很受青睐，所以如果你想在高科技电子产品领域工作，你可以选择在福库商学院学习，故D项正确。
    (C
    “Twocenturiesago,LewisandClarkleftSt.LouistoexplorethenewlandsacquiredintheLouisianaPurchase,”GeorgeW.Bushsaid,announcinghisdesireforaprogramtosendmenandwomentoMars.Theymadethatjourneyinthespiritofdiscovery.Americahasventuredforthintospaceforthesamereasons.”
    YettherearevitaldifferencesbetweenLewisandClark’sexpeditionandaMarsmission.First,theywereheadedtoaplacewherehundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerealreadyliving.Second,theywerecertainto

    discoverplacesandthingsofimmediatevaluetothenewnation.Third,theirventurecostnexttonothingbytoday’sstandards.AMarsmissionmaybethesinglemostexpensivenon-wartimeundertakinginU.S.history.
    AppealingasthethoughtoftraveltoMarsis,itdoesnotmeanthejourneymakessense,evenconsideringthehumancallingtoexplore.AndMarsasadestinationforpeoplemakesabsolutelynosensewithcurrenttechnology.
    PresentsystemsforgettingfromEarth’ssurfacetolow-Earthorbitaresofantasticallyexpensivethatmerelylaunchingthe1,000tonsorsoofspacecraftandequipmentaMarsmissionwouldrequirecouldbeaccomplishedonlybycuttinghealth-carebenefits,educationspending,orotherimportantprograms—orbyraisingtaxes.Absentsomeremarkablediscovery,astronauts,geologists,andbiologistsonceonMarscoulddolittlemorethananalyzerocksandfeelawestruck(敬畏的staringintotheskyofanotherworld.Yetrockscanbeanalyzedbyautomatedprobeswithoutrisktohumanlife,andatatinyfractionofthecostofsendingpeople.
    ItisinterestingtonotethatwhenPresidentBushunveiledhisproposal,helistedtheserecentmajorachievementsofspaceexplorationpicturesofevidenceofwateronMars,discoveryofmorethan100planetsoutsideoursolarsystem,andstudyofthesoilofMars.Alltheseaccomplishmentscamefromautomatedprobesorautomatedspacetelescopes.Bush’sproposal,whichcallsforreprogrammingsomeofNASA’spresentbudgetintotheMarseffort,mightactuallyleadtoareductioninsuchunmannedscience—theoneaspectofspaceexplorationthat’sworkingreallywell.
    RatherthanspendhundredsofbillionsofdollarstohurltonstowardMarsusingcurrenttechnology,whynottakeadecadeortwoorhowevermuchtimeisrequiredresearchingnewlaunchsystemsandadvancedpropulsion(推进力?lfnewlaunchsystemscouldputweightintoorbitaffordably,andadvancedpropulsioncouldspeedupthatlong,slowtransittoMars,thedreamofsteppingontotheredplanetmightbecomereality.Marswillstillbetherewhenthetechnologyisready.
    63.WhatdoLewisandClark’sexpeditionandaMarsmissionhaveincommon?A.Instantvalue.B.Humaninhabitance.C.Venturecost.D.Exploringspirit.
    64.Bush’sproposalischallengedforthefollowingreasonsexceptthat.A.itsexpenditureistoohugeforthegovernmenttoafford.

    B.Americanpeople’swell-beingwillsufferalotifitisimplementedC.greatachievementshavealreadybeenmadeinMarsexplorationinAmericaD.unmannedMarsexplorationsoundsmorepracticalandeconomicalforthemoment65.Whichcannotbeconcludedfromthepassage?
    A.GoingtoMarsusingcurrenttechnologyisquiteunrealistic.
    B.AMarsmissionwillinturnpromotethedevelopmentofunmannedprogram.C.Bush’sproposalisbasedonthreerecentgreatachievementsofspaceexplorationD.Theachievementsinspaceexplorationshowhowwellunmannedsciencehasdeveloped.66.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
    A.Riskyasitis,aMarsmissionhelpstoretainAmericaspositionasatechnologicalleader.B.AMarsmissionissocostlythatitmayleadtoaneconomicdisasterinAmerica.C.SomedaypeoplemaygotoMarsbutnotuntilitmakestechnologicalsense.
    D.AMarsmissionisunnecessarysincethescientistsoncetherewon’tmakegreatdiscoveries.【答案】63.D64.C65.B66.C【解析】【分析】
    本文是一篇说明文，通过美国的火星探测计划介绍了总有一天人们可能会登上火星，但要等到技术成熟时。【63题详解】
    细节理解题。根据第一段内容，特别是“Theymadethatjourneyinthespiritofdiscovery.Americahasventuredforthintospaceforthesamereasons.”可知，乔治·布什说，两个世纪前，刘易斯和克拉克离开圣路易斯，去探索在路易斯安那购买计划中获得的新土地，并宣布他希望有一个把男人和女人送上

    火星的计划，他们本着探索的精神进行了那次旅行，美国的火星探测计划也是出于同样的原因，由此可知，刘易斯和克拉克的探险和火星任务的共同之处是探索精神，故D项正确。【64题详解】
    细节理解题。根据第四段中的“PresentsystemsforgettingfromEarth’ssurfacetolow-Earthorbitaresofantasticallyexpensivethatmerelylaunchingthe1,000tonsorsoofspacecraftandequipmentaMarsmissionwouldrequirecouldbeaccomplishedonlybycuttinghealth-carebenefits,educationspending,orotherimportantprograms—orbyraisingtaxes.”可知，目前从地球表面进入近地轨道的系统非常昂贵，仅发射火星任务所需的1000吨左右的航天器和设备（开支巨大，政府负担不起），就只能通过削减医疗福利、教育开支或其他重要项目或提高税收来完成（一旦实施，美国人民的福祉将受到影响），再根据“astronauts,geologists,andbiologistsonceonMarscoulddolittlemorethananalyzerocksandfeelawestruck(敬畏的staringintotheskyofanotherworld.Yetrockscanbeanalyzedbyautomatedprobeswithoutrisktohumanlife,andatatinyfractionofthecostofsendingpeople.”可知，宇航员、地质学家和生物学家一旦登上火星，除了分析岩石和对太空感到敬畏之外，几乎什么也做了，然而，岩石可以通过自动探测器进行分析，而不会对人的生命造成危险，而且只需花费派遣人员的一小部分费用（无人火星探测听起来更加实用和经济），以上三点是布什的提议受到挑战的原因，而没有提到原因包括美国在火星探测方面已经取得了巨大成就，故C项正确。【65题详解】
    推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Bush’sproposal,whichcallsforreprogrammingsomeofNASA’spresentbudgetintotheMarseffort,mightactuallyleadtoareductioninsuchunmannedscience”可知，布什的提议要求将美国宇航局目前的预算中的一部分重新编入火星计划，这实际上可能会导致这种无人探测科学的减少，由此可知，火星任务不会促进无人探测计划的发展，故B项正确。【66题详解】
    主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据最后一段中的“lfnewlaunchsystemscouldputweightintoorbitaffordably,andadvancedpropulsioncouldspeedupthatlong,slowtransittoMars,thedreamofsteppingontotheredplanetmightbecomereality.Marswillstillbetherewhenthetechnologyisready.”可知，如果新的发射系统能够以合理的价格将重量送入轨道，先进的推进系统能够加速到火星的漫长而缓慢的运输，登上这颗红色星球的梦想就可能成为现实，当技术准备就绪时，火星仍将在那里，由此可知，本文主要介绍了总有一天人们可能会登上火星，但要等到它在技术上变得成熟时，故C项正确。

    【点睛】主旨大意题的难度较大，抓住文章主题句是关键，科普类说明的主题句一般在首段或末段，例如本篇第4题，通读全文我们发现本篇文章首段的作用是引出文章话题——美国的火星探测计划，并没有点明文章主题，这样我们应该在最后一段寻找主题句，根据最后一段中的“lfnewlaunchsystemscouldputweightintoorbitaffordably,andadvancedpropulsioncouldspeedupthatlong,slowtransittoMars,thedreamofsteppingontotheredplanetmightbecomereality.Marswillstillbetherewhenthetechnologyisready.”可知，如果新的发射系统能够以合理的价格将重量送入轨道，先进的推进系统能够加速到火星的漫长而缓慢的运输，登上这颗红色星球的梦想就可能成为现实，当技术准备就绪时，火星仍将在那里，由此可知，本文主要介绍了总有一天人们可能会去火星，但要等到它在技术上变得成熟时。
    SectionC—8分
    Directions:Readthepassagecarefully.FillineachblankwithapropersentencegivenintheboxEachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.
    RetroGaming
    There’snodoubtthatintoday’sdigitalworld,computergamesareextremelysophisticatedandcapableofcreatingvirtualrealityexperiencesthatwereunimaginableonlyafewyearsago.SoIaminterestedtoseethatthesimplisticgamesthatIgrewupwith,aremakingarevival.ButWhy?
    Inthe1970s,theoriginalplacetoplayacomputergamewasatanarcade.Here,youandyourmatescouldtryoutthenewbignamesingamessuchasSpaceInvadersandPacman.___67___Andbecauseofthetechnologyinvolved,thegamingmachinesweretoobigtofitintoyourhouse.
    Butinthe1980sand90s,gamingarrivedinourhomesandpeoplelikemewereaddicted.Thesoundofbeepingbecameafamiliarsoundemanatingfrombedroomsacrosstheland!NamessuchasTetris,SonicandStreetFighterbecamepopularlanguageintheplayground—andnowtheyarebeingtalkedabout—andplayedagain.Oneofthereasonsisthelowcost.TheBBCspoketogamer,GemmaWood,whosaysthat:___68___Iunderstandthatalotofhardworkhasgoneintothedesignetc...buthowcananyonejustify£50to£60foragamethatyoumightnotevenenjoy?
    ___69___Thegraphicsonoldgamesmaynotcomparewiththedetailanddefinitionofmoderngamesbuttheyarefunandeasytousebychildrenandadultsalike.Andofcourse,nostalgiaplaysitspart.Somepeoplewanttorelivetheirchildhoodwhileforothers,itisachancetoshowtheirchildrenthecomputergamestheygrewupwith.
    Technologyjournalist,KGOrphanides,says“it’simportanttorecognizehowwell-designedmanyofthoseclassicgamesare…thedevelopershadsolittlespacetoworkwith-youraverageSegaMegaDriveor

    SNEScartridgehadamaximumcapacityofjust4mb-andlimitedgraphicsandsoundcapabilities.Thiscomparestoanaveragecapacityof40Gintoday’sgames.___70___
    Thiscrazeforusingretrohardwareandgrabbinganoldjoystickiscertainlycatchingon.Andtopersuadethoseofuswhoarenotsureaboutdowngradingthegamingexperience,manufacturerssuchasNintendo,arebringingbacksomeoftheirolderconsolesinnewstylecasing.A.Beingsimplemightbeanotherreason.B.Itwastheonlyaffordablewaytoplaythem.C.Weshouldhaveadmirationforthisoldtechnology.D.Thecurrenttrendforoldgamesshowsnosignofslowing.E.Newerconsolesandtheirgamesareincrediblyexpensive.F.Soitseemslikeitsnot‘gameover’forold-schooltechnology【答案】67.B68.E69.A70.C【解析】
    本文是一篇说明文，介绍了经典电子游戏重掀热潮的原因。【67题详解】
    空前说上世纪70年代，最初玩电脑游戏
    地方是一个拱廊，此处承接上文，讲的还是这种老的玩游
    戏的方式，而且与下文说的新游戏的高价格形成对比，故B项（这是唯一能负担得起的玩游戏的方式）符合语境。故选B项。【68题详解】
    空后说我知道在设计等方面做了很多努力，但是，对于一个你可能都不喜欢的游戏，谁能花上50到60英镑呢？因此此处是说现在玩游戏的价钱很高，故E项（更新的游戏机和游戏都非常昂贵）符合语境。故选E项。【69题详解】
    的

    空后说老游戏的图像可能无法与现代游戏的细节和定义进行比较，但它们有趣且易于儿童和成人玩，因此此处突出老游戏很简单，故A项（简单可能是另一个原因）符合语境。故选A项。【70题详解】
    空前说重要的是要认识到这些经典游戏有多么好的设计……开发人员的空间很小，你的平均SegaMega驱动器或SNES硒鼓的最大容量只有4MB和有限的图像和声音能力，相比之下，今天的游戏平均容量为40G，此处总结上文，是对老游戏的设计技术的肯定，故C项（我们应该钦佩这种古老的技术）符合语境。故选C项。
    IV.71.SummaryWriting—10分
    71.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(softhepassageinnomorethan60wonds.Useyourownwordsas,faraspossible.
    Everytimethereisamassshooting,thedebatesurroundinggunstendstoflareupinAmerica.TheabuseofgunshasbeenaseriousproblemintheUSallalong,butwhydoesn’ttheUSgovernmentjustdismissowninggunsprivately?
    TherighttoownagunanddefendoneselfiscentraltoAmericansociety.Asearlyasthe1600s,whenthefirstEuropeanssetfootonthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theyhadtofacealotofdangers.Theycouldonlyrelyonthemselves.Therefore,gunsplayedasignificantroleinself-defense.GunswerealsoimportantinAmerican’sIndependentWarandtheCivilWar.
    Secondly,theAmericanfoundingfathersbelievedthatgunownershipwasnecessaryforatrulyfreecountry.Ifthegovernmentdistruststhepeopleanddisarmsthem,thenthatgovernmentnolongerrepresentsthepeople.TheSecondAmendmenttotheUSConstitutionspecifiesthattheAmericanpeoplecannotbedeprivedofthe“righttokeepandbeararms.”SothesaleandpurchaseoffirearmsarelegalintheUnitedStatesaccordingtolaw.
    TheimportanceofgunsisalsoderivedfromtheroleofhuntinginAmericanculture.Inthenation’searlyyearshuntingwasessentialforfoodandshelter.Today,gunsareavitalpartofhunting,whichremainsverypopularasbothasportandawayoflifeinmanypartsofthecountry.Peoplespendtimewithfriends,sharingthepleasurethatthesportbrings.
    Forthosereasons,whencriticssaygunsmeanviolence,theymissalargepartofthepicture,andtheymisrepresentthecomplexnatureofAmerica’sdiversegunculture.Mostpeoplewhoowngunsprivately,areactuallypartofthegunculture.Theyhaverationalandthoughtfulreasonstoownanduseguns.
    ,

    ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
    【答案】TheUSgovernmentdoesn’tbangunsforthefollowingreasons.Firstly,gunsserveasameansofself-defense.Besides,thepossessionofagunisasymboloffreedom.Finally,gunsareimportantbecausehuntingisstillpopularinpeople’slifeasasport.Despitethedisputes,Americansareentitledtotheuseofguns.【解析】【分析】
    本篇书面表达是概要写作，要求概括美国政府不禁止枪支的原因，包括枪支是自卫的手段，持枪是自由的象征以及枪支很重要，因为狩猎作为一项运动在人们的生活中仍然很受欢迎，尽管存在争议，美国人还是有权使用枪支，注意词数要求和使用自己的语言。
    【详解】1、写之前，需要认真仔细地读几遍原文材料，让理解更深刻。
    2、遵循原文的逻辑顺序，对重要部分的主题、标题、细节进行概括，全面清晰地表明原文信息。3、给摘要起一个好标题，比如：可以采用文中的主题句。
    4、尽量使用自己的话完成，不要引用原文的句子，篇幅控制在原文的三分之一或四分之一长。
    V.Translation—15分
    Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.72.我们常常忍不住秒回刚收到的信息。(can’thelp________
    73.当地政府不打算把音乐厅拆了，而是重新修复一下。(insteadof________
    74.学生在英语写作中词不达意的现象值得每位英语教师关注。(worth________

    75.这部关于四代学生追寻爱情、志趣和梦想的电影如此感人，老老少少都想一睹为快。(So________
    【答案】72.Weusuallycan'thelpreplyingtothemessageimmediatelywereceiveit.73.Insteadoftearingdowntheconcerthall,thelocalgovernmentjustplanstorepairit.
    74.ThephenomenonthatstudentsfailtoexpresstheirideasinEnglishwritingiswortheveryEnglishteacher’sattention.
    75.Sotouchingisthemovieaboutfourgenerationsofstudentspursuinglove,interestanddreamthatallageswanttowatchit.【解析】
    本题考查翻译，注意使用括号内的提示词翻译。【72题详解】
    考查非谓语动词和连词immediately的用法。replyto表示“回复”，can’thelpdoing表示“忍不住做某事”，immediately作连词，表示“一……就”，相当于assoonas，陈述的是经常性的情况，用一般现在时，故翻译为：Weusuallycan'thelpreplyingtothemessageimmediatelywereceiveit.【73题详解】
    考查非谓语动词。insteadof表示“而不是”，后面接动名词作宾语，teardown表示“拆卸”，陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，故翻译为：Insteadoftearingdowntheconcerthall,thelocalgovernmentjustplanstorepairit.【74题详解】
    考查同位语从句。根据句意可知此处使用同位语从句，解释说明phenomenon的内容，从句成分完整，用that仅起连接作用，无实义，failto表示“未能”，beworth后接名词或动名词作宾语，表示“值得……”，陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，故翻译为：ThephenomenonthatstudentsfailtoexpresstheirideasinEnglishwritingiswortheveryEnglishteacher’sattention.【75题详解】

    考查倒装。在so…that句型中，so+形容词/副词位于句首表示强调时，主句要采用部分倒装，陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，故翻译为：Sotouchingisthemovieaboutfourgenerationsofstudentspursuinglove,interestanddreamthatallageswanttowatchit.
    VI.GuidedWriting—25分
    76.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.
    生活本来不容易，当你觉得容易的时候，其实……


    1.请简要描述图片。2.谈谈由此引发的感想。
    ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
    【答案】Asthepicturevividlyshows,thepersonbehindsilentlyhelpsthepersoninfrontsharehisburdensothathecanmoveforwardmoreeasily.Lifeisnoteasy.Asthesayinggoesthatwhenyoufeeleasy,someoneisactuallytakingonyourshare.Soweshouldlearntobegrateful.
    Thispictureremindsmeofourparents,whonotonlygiveuslifeandbringusup,butalsogiveusencouragementandsupportwhenwerunintodifficultiesanddilemmas.However,wealwaystakewhattheydoforusforgranted.Notonlydon’tweshowgratitudetothem,butweoftenmakethemangryandevencontradictthem.
    Inaword,thegreatestkindnessintheworldisthekindnessofparents,whichisworthcherishingwithourlife,appreciatingwithoursincereheart,andrepayingwithpracticalactions.

    【解析】【分析】
    本篇书面表达是开放性作文，要求结合一幅图谈谈自己的感悟。
    【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求结合一幅图谈谈自己的感悟：生活本来不容易，当你觉得容易的时候，其实……，要求：1.请简要描述图片。2.谈谈由此引发的感想。时态应为一般现在时。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如；burden（重担），share（分担），grateful（感激的），dilemma（困境），contradict（顶撞），cherish（珍惜），support（支持），encouragement（鼓励）及repay（回报）等。
    第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
    第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。
    【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有bringup（抚养长大），take…forgranted（认为……理所应当），runinto(遇到、遭遇，betakeon（承担），remindsbof…（让某人想起……）以及beworthdoing（值得做），而且还使用了非限定性定语从句“Thispictureremindsmeofourparents,whonotonlygiveuslifeandbringusup,butalsogiveusencouragementandsupportwhenwerunintodifficultiesanddilemmas.”及“Inaword,thegreatestkindnessintheworldisthekindnessofparents,whichisworthcherishingwithourlife,appreciatingwithoursincereheart,andrepayingwithpracticalactions.”，状语从句“Asthepicturevividlyshows,thepersonbehindsilentlyhelpsthepersoninfrontsharehisburdensothathecanmoveforwardmoreeasily.”，同位语从句“Asthesayinggoesthatwhenyoufeeleasy,someoneisactuallytakingonyourshare.”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。

    免费下载 Word文档免费下载： 2018年上海市浦东新区高考二模英语(含听力)试题(解析版)

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