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1.TheAmericanTranscendentalistsformedaclubcalled_________.theTranscendentalClub2.______wasregardedasthefirstgreatprosestylistofAmericanromanticism.WashingtonIrving3.Atnineteen___________publishedinhisbrother’snewspaper,his"JonathanOldstyle"satiresofNewYorklife.4.InWashingtonIrving’swork___________appearedthefirstmodernshortstoriesandthefirstgreatAmericanjuvenileliterature.TheSketchBook5.ThefirstimportantAmericannovelistwas____________.JamesFenimoreCooper6.JamesFenimoreCooper’snovel___________wasarousingtaleaboutespionageagainsttheBritishduringtheRevolutionaryWar.TheSpy7.ThebestofJamesFenimoreCooper'ssearomanceswas_____________.ThePilot8."ToaWaterfowl"isperhapsthepeakof_______________’swork;ithasbeencalledbyaneminentEnglishcritic“themostperfectbriefpoeminthelanguage.”WilliamCullenBryant9.__________wasthefirstAmericantogainthestatureofamajorpoetintheworldliterature.10.EdgarAllanPoe’spoem____________isperhapsthebestexampleofonomatopoeiaintheEnglishlanguage.TheBells11.EdgarAllanPoe'spoem____________waspublishedin1845asthetitlepoemofacollection.TheRaven12.FromHenryDavidThoreau’sConcordjailexperience,camehisfamousessay______.CivilDisobedienceBythe1830sWashingtonIrvingwasjudgedthenation'sgreatestwriter,aloftypositionhelatersharedwithJamesFenimoreCooperandWilliamCullenBryant.Intheearlynineteenthcentury,theattitudeofAmericanwriterswasshapedbytheirNewWorldenvironmentandanarrayofideasinheritedfromtheromantictraditionofEurope.Asamoralphilosophy,transcendentalismwasneitherlogicalnorsystematical.ThefoundationofAmericannationalliteraturewaslaidbytheearlyAmericanromanticists.Atmid-19thcentury,aculturalreawakeningbroughta"floweringofNewEngland".Romanticwritersinthe19thcenturyplacedincreasingvalueonthefreeexpressionofemotionanddisplayedincreasingattentiontothepsychicstatesoftheircharacters.Withavastgroupofsupportingcharacters,virtuousorvillainous,JamesFenimoreCoopermadetheAmericaconsciousofhispast,andmadetheEuropeanconsciousofAmerica.
NootherAmericanpoeteversurpassedEdgarAllanPoe’sabilityintheuseofEnglishasamediumofpuremusicalandrhythmicbeauty.TheFalloftheHouseofUsherisoneofEdgarAllanPoe'sshortstories.RalphWaldoEmersonwasrecognizedastheleaderoftranscendentalistmovement,butheneverappliedtheterm"Transcendentalist"tohimselfortohisbeliefsandideas.In1836,RalphWaldoEmersonpublishedhisfirstbook,Nature,whichmetwithamildreception.RalphWaldoEmerson'sprosestylewassometimesashighlyindividualashispoetry.TheharshrhythmsandstrikingimagesofRalphWaldoEmerson’spoetryappealtomanymodernreadersasartfultechniques.HenryWadsworthLongfellow’swritingsbelongtothemilderaspectsoftheRomanticMovement.Americanromanticismwasinawayderivative:AmericanromanticwritingwassomeofthemmodeledonEnglishandEuropeanworks.RalphWaldoEmerson’saestheticsbroughtaboutarevolutioninAmericanliteratureingeneralandinAmericanpoetryinparticular.HenryDavidThoreauwasanactiveTranscendentalist.Hewasbynomeansan"escapist"orarecluse,butwasintenselyinvolvedinthelifeofhisday.TheScarletLetterissetintheseventeenthcentury.ItisanelaborationofafactwhichtheauthortookoutofthelifeofthePuritanpast.2.Transcendentalismtooktheirideasfrom___________.A.theromanticliteratureinEuropeB.neo-PlatonismC.GermanidealisticphilosophyD.therevelationsoforientalmysticismABCD8.Transcendentalistsrecognized__________asthe"highestpowerofthesoul.”A.intuition10.TranscendentalismappealedtothosewhodisdainedtheharshGodofthePuritanancestors,anditappealedtothosewhoscornedthepaledeityofNewEnglandA.Transcendentalism

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