2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习Unit5StressandMemory课下练重庆大学版选修

Ⅰ.阅读理解

(2017·南宁市高中毕业班适应性测试)Like the body's muscles, bones, and other vital organs, the brain feels the effect of aging. Through years of constant use and biological wear and tear, the brain gradually loses some of its sharpness in processing information. As people begin to age, they may begin to have problems with memory. One of the most noticeable problem areas involves the temporary forgetting of names. Actually everyone has this problem in older age.

It is important to note that normal age­related memory loss does not indicate losing intelligence or ability to learn. The brain may simply need more time to recall information from memory or to learn new information. Simple forgetfulness is not a disease. Studies on learning and memory provide an active area of research for many neuroscientists. In general, how the brain selects and stores information falls into three categories. Each category serves a distinct purpose and is generally independent of intelligence or level of education. Memory categories include：

Short­term/Temporary recollection.If you are calling the florist (花商), you look up the phone number and remember it long enough to place the call. Once you have finished the call, the information disappears. If you were interrupted before making the call, you may lose this material.

Long­term (recent)．This category preserves the recent past, such as what you had for breakfast today, or the outfit that you wore a few days ago.

Long­term (remote)．This records the distant past. These memories, learned 10 or 20 years ago, form your knowledge base. This category can include a conversation or a tune from your high school fight song. Other information in this memory store shapes your personal history, such as what you were doing the day President John Kennedy was assassinated (刺杀)．

Aging does not generally affect short­or long­term(remote) memory. These functions are well­preserved. However, long­term (recent) memory often declines with age. To store and regain recent information from long­term(recent) memory, the brain performs a complex chain of chemical and electrical functions involving nerve cells. As one ages, some of these cells may deteriorate and function less efficiently.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。 随着年龄的增长，人们的记忆力也会逐渐衰退，但这并不意味着人们丧失了智力或学习能力。本文讲述了人的几种记忆，年龄增长只会影响其中的一种。

1.The following is discussed in the passage EXCEPT________.

A．the relationship between aging and memory loss

B．categories of how our brain selects and stores information

C．symptoms of age­related memory loss

D．solutions of age­related memory loss

解析：选D　 细节理解题。 根据第一段第三句、第二段第五句和第二段第二句可知，A、B、C三项都是这篇文章讨论过的内容。根据排除法可知答案选D。

2．Which of the following is an example of long­term (remote) memory?

A．A phone conversation with your friend last week.

B．Your favorite teacher in primary school.

C．Foods that you ordered in a restaurant the other day.

D．A new phone number you remembered just now.

解析：选B　推理判断题。 根据倒数第二段中的“Long­term (remote)．This records the distant past. These memories, learned 10 or 20 years ago”可知，long­term (remote) memory 涉及的是多年前的记忆信息。由此可推断，B项“你最喜欢的小学老师”符合题意。故答案选B。