中考复习专题现在完成时知识点梳理及经典练习(超详细)
一、初中英语现在完成时
1.—Look at these stamps. I _______ them for five years.
—Wow, they are wonderful.
A. kept B. have kept C. have bought D. bought
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:——看这些邮票,我持有它们5年了。——噢,真漂亮。表示动作从过去开始持续到现在用现在完成时,结构为have/has+过去分词,因为主语是I,助动词用have,故选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时的用法,注意表示动作的延续用现在完成时。
2.I am surprised at the new look of my hometown,for it _____ a lot over the years.
A. changed B. changes C. will change D. has changed
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】我对我的家乡的新面貌感到惊讶,因为这几年改变了很多,
结合over the years可知表达的动作发生在过去,对现在造成一定的影响,故用现在完成时have/has+过去分词,主语it,故has,故答案是D.
3.I scared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was five years old.
A. will be B. was C. have been D. would be
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】由since引导的从句可知主句应用现在完成时,故答案为C。句意是:自从我五岁时被狗伤过之后我就一直怕狗。
【点评】本题考查现在完成时的用法。
4.—Where is your father?
— .
A. He has been to Shanghai B. He has been in Shanghai
C. He has gone to Shanghai D. He have been to Shanghai
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:-你的父亲在哪儿?-他去上海了。Have been to去过某地(已回);have been in在……;have gone to去了某地(未回)。本题中父亲是人们在找的人,所以是去了某地,还没回来,用have gone to。主语he是三人称单数,用has gone to。故选C。
【点评】本题考查现在完成时。以及Have been to;have been in;have gone to三个短语的词义和用法。
5.—— ______you _____ out the problem, Sam?
——Not yet, but I'm going to.
A. Did, work B. Are, working C. Have, worked D. Will , work
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:萨姆,你计算出这道数学题了吗?——还没有,但是快了。结合语境可知上文描述的是现在已经完成的动作,故用现在完成时态。选C。
【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型,首先要注意句子中的时间状语,如果没有则要通过分析上下文,结合语境来判断句子的时态。英语疑问句中一般具有时态上的对应关系,注意结合这一特点进行区分。
6.You must return the books to the library because you _________ them for more than two weeks.
A. have lent B. have borrowed C. have kept
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意是:你必须把书还给图书馆因为你已经……两个多星期了。for more than two weeks 表示时间段,在现在完成时中需要和延续性动词连用,lend 和 borrow 都是短暂性动词,keep 具有延续性,故选C。
【点评】考查现在完成时中延续性动词和短暂性动词的转换问题。
7.—Look! Your teacher Miss White is over there.
—No, it can't be her. She ______ to Beijing.
A. has gone B. has been C. went D. will go
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:--看!你的老师怀特小姐在那边。--不,那肯定不是她。她去了北京。A. has gone去了某地,表示该人不在说话地点; B. has been去过某地,表示主语曾经去过某地,有这种经历;C. went过去式,去;D. will go将来时态,将要去。根据前面的否定猜测,可知怀特小姐去了北京,故选A。
【点评】考查固定搭配have gone to。
8.——Where is Mr. Wang?
——He together with his students ________ Zhuyuwan Park.
A. has gone to B. have gone to C. has been to D. have been to
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:— 王老师在哪里?—他同他的学生去了Zhuyuwan公园。A. has gone to去了,没在这里。主语是单数;B. have gone to去了,没在这里。主语是复数;C. has been to去过,没在那里;主语是单数;D. have been to去过,没在那里;主语是复数。本句He是主语,together with his students是介词短语,做定语不是主语,所以用has。王老师去公园了不在这里,所以用has gone to。故选A。
【点评】考查主谓一致和短语的用法。
9.—Do you still play basketball?
—Oh, no. I ____ it for the past two years.
A. haven't played B. didn't play C. won't play D. hadn't played
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:——你还打篮球吗?——哦,不了。我已经有两年没有打过了。根据句中的for the last two years可知应与完成时态连用,又有时间是the last two years可知是从现在往前两年,因此应使用现在完成时态,故选A。
【点评】考查动词时态中的for+段时间与完成时态连用,根据时间确定是现在完成还是过去完成。
10.My mother a good example for me since I was young.
A. was B. has been C. will be D. is
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:打小以来,妈妈就是我的好榜样。根据时间状语“since l was young”可知,主句应用现在完成时,表示动作从过去一直持续到现在。故选B。
【点评】考查动词的时态
11.Susan China before.This is her first time to be here.
A. won't visit B. wasn't visiting C. hasn't visited D. doesn't visit
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:苏珊以前没有来过中国。表示以前没有来过中国,用现在完成时。故C选项正确。
【点评】考查句子时态。
12.He ________ for ten years.
A. has been married B. married C. got married D. had married
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:他结婚十年了。根据句意可知是从过去持续到现在的动作,应该用现在完成时。故选A。
13.Jack_______ school two years ago and he _______ for two years.
A. leaves; has gone B. left; has been away C. leaves; has been away D. left; has gone
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:Jack两年前离开学校,他离开有两年时间了。two years ago表示动作瞬间结束用一般过去时,leave的过去式为left,for two years表示状态延续用现在完成时,leave需换成be away from,且Jack相当于第三人称单数,用has been away from。故选B。
【点评】考查一般过去时和现在完成时,注意根据标志性短语确定时态。
14.-- Anna, could you lend me this book, please?
-- I'm sorry. I it for only two days, and I haven't finished it yet.
A. have bought B. have had C. bought D. had
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:“安娜,请问你能借给我这本书吗?……对不起,我刚买了两天。我还没有看完呢。”根据答语中的 “for only two days”可知要用现在完成时,而且应用延续性动词。故选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时。
15.一Where is Mr.Miller?
一He to New York.He there three times.
A. has been;has gone B. has gone;has gone
C. has gone:has been D. has been;has been
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:——Miller先生去哪儿了?——他去纽约了。他去过那3次了。他去纽约了还未回来,用has gone to;他去过三次,用has been。故选C。
【点评】考查现在完成时has gone to 和has been to的用法。
16.—Why are you looking for Mary in a hurry, John?
—The boss is wondering where she _______ and how long she _______ there.
A. has been; has been B. has gone; has gone
C. has been; has gone D. has gone; has been
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:—你为什么这么匆忙找玛丽,约翰?—老板想知道她去了哪儿并在那儿呆多久。Have/has gone to 意为去了某地,have/has been to 意为去过某地,而have/has been in+地点名词意为呆在某地,停留在某地,当时副词there时,不用介词in,故选D。
17.— Miss Liu, when did you come here?
— In 2015. I here for two years.
A. have been to B. have gone to C. have come D. have been
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:——刘小姐,你什么时候来这的?——2015年,我已经在这里待两年了。由语境可知此处应用现在完成时态,表示从过去开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态。here为副词,其前不用介词。故选D。
【点评】考查现在完成时态。
18.—Dave, we will leave in 10 minutes. Are you ready?
—No, I ________ our guidebook and towels yet.
A. don't pack B. didn't pack C. have packed D. haven't packed
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:——Dave,我们十分钟后要离开,你准备好了吗?——没有,我还没把我们的旅游手册和毛巾打包。yet是现在完成时否定句的标志,故选D。
【点评】考查现在完成时,注意yet的用法。
19.Last week I _______ a cold. That's to say since last week, I _______ a cold.
A. have had; have had B. caught; have had
C. have had; have caught D. caught; have caught
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意 :上周我患了感冒。也就是说,从上周开始,我就一直在感冒。“have a cold”和“catch a cold”均可表示感冒,但前者强调感冒持续的状态;后者强调感冒的行为,不可与表示一段时间的状语连用 。第一句上周感冒是发生在过去的动作,应用一般过去式“caught”;第二句从上周起就一直在感冒,是从过去一直持续到现在的状态,应用现在完成时“have had”,故选B。
【点评】考查同义短语的辨析和一般过去时与现在完成时的掌握与运用。
20.So far Tom with Mary _______ 50 left -behind children to do their homework after school.
A. help B. helped C. has helped D. have helped
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】此题要掌握现在完成时的时间状语及主语+with 短语是单数的概念,即可得出答案。选C。
二、初中英语动词的时态
21.—Tomorrow my dad a big dinner for my birthday party.
—Sounds great!Have a good time.
A.cooks B.was cooking C.cooked D.will cook
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意:--明天我爸爸要为我的生日聚会做一顿大餐。--听起来很好,祝你过的愉快。根据tomorrow可知,句子应该用一般将来时。其谓语动词的形式:will+动词原形。故选D。
22.---Did you go to the concert with your parents yesterday?
---No, I for my English test all afternoon.
A.prepared B.am preparing C.was preparing D.have prepared
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意:——你昨天和你的父母一起去听音乐会了吗?--没有,我整个下午都在为我的英语考试做准备。考查过去进行时。根据“yesterday昨天和all afternoon整个下午”可知句子应该用过去进行时。构成:was或were+ doing,主语是I,所以应该用was。故选C。
【点睛】
过去进行时多用在when引起的从句中,表示某事发生时某个动作正在进行。其结构为:助动词"was/were+doing";也表示过去的某个时间正在进行的动作。
标志词有:at that time,at 8:00am yesterday,at this time last night
e.g:My grandpa was taking exercise for his healthat 8:00am yesterday.
His family was watching at this time last night.
23.Not only Tom but also his brother ________the Greener China for two years.
A.has become a member of
B.has been in
C.have been a member of
【答案】B
【解析】
句意:不仅汤姆还有他弟弟参加卢瑟中国2年了。根据for two years.可知不能用短暂性动词,所以排除A;根据not only---but also---连接句子两个主语时,谓语动词就进原则;故选B
24.— Peter, what will you do next Sunday?
— We ______ our grandparents.
A.visit B.visited C.is visiting D.will visit
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意:彼得,下周日你们打算做什么?—我们要去看望我们的祖父母。
本题考查的是时态的辨析,根据问句中的next Sunday可知,本题是一般将来时,故答案选D。
25.The movie for about 5 minutes,so let’s see the next one.
A.has been on B.has started C.started D.began
【答案】A
【解析】
句意:这部电影已经开演五分钟了,我们去看下一部吧。根据句中时间状语for about 5 minutes可知动词应该用延续性动词,时态为现在完成时态。start和begin均为短暂性动词,start对应的延续性动词短语是be on。故答案选A。
26.―Eric, can you bring me the scissors? ―Just a moment. I the paper-cutting with it.
A.make B.made
C.am making D.has made
【答案】C
【解析】
句意:——Eric,你能给我带来剪刀吗?——等一会儿。我正在用它做剪纸。根据Just
a moment可知此处表示让对方等一会儿,应是正在使用这个剪刀,故用现在进行时be doing,
故选C。
27.—Mum, where is my dictionary?
—Oh, I didn’t see it, either. I’m afraid you ___________ it.
A.are losing B.will lose C.have lost D.were losing
【答案】C
【解析】
句意:——妈妈,我的字典在哪里?——哦,我也没有看到它,恐怕你把它弄丢了。A. are losing现在进行时态; B. will lose一般将来时态;C. have lost现在完成时态; D. were losing过去进行时态。lose这一动词发生在过去,造成的结果是现在看不见了,属于完成的动作,要用现在完成时态来表达,故答案为C。
28.It is still unknown how AI(人工智能) the way of our life as well as the world.
A.change B.changed C.will change D.was changing
【答案】C
【解析】
句意:仍然不知道人工智能将会怎么改变我们的生活方式还有世界。这是宾语从句,主句是一般现在时态,从句根据句意应用一般将来时态;故选C
29.My grandparents in that city since they got married.
A.will live B.have lived C.live D.were living
【答案】B
【解析】句意:自从结婚以来,我祖父母就住在那个城市。since they got married是表示截止到目前为止的时间段,主句要用现在完成时态,故答案为B。
30.She ________on the phone,so I just smiled at her and went away.
A.has talked B.was talking C.will talk D.is talking
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意:她正在打电话,所以我只是朝她笑笑就走了。考查动词时态辨析。so所以,表结果;根据so I just smiled at her and went away,可知她正在打电话,需用过去进行时,故选B。
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