2020高考英语【阅读理解】专题强化训练 二十三

Test 1

With its snow­covered mountains and a variety of wildlife, Yellowstone National Park is one of the scenic treasures of the United States. Located primarily in Wyoming, the park hosts millions of visitors every year. If you plan to travel within the park, keep in mind the advice from the National Park Service.

Seasonal Travel

Travel varies vastly from season to season. Roads are generally open in the summer except for cases of rock or mud slides, wild fires, accidents or road construction. Early snows in the fall can cause some roads to close temporarily. In the winter almost all roads are closed to motor vehicles, but snowmobiles and other snow vehicles with tracks are allowed. Roads begin to open in the spring by the latter part of April but may close if snowfall continues.

Driving Time

Grand Loop Road is the main road through Yellowstone National Park, and it passes by most of the major attractions. These include Old Faithful, Yellowstone Lake and the Grand Canyon of Yellowstone. The maximum speed limit on the Grand Loop is 45 miles per hour, but the speed limit drops during some of the winding and twisty sections of this narrow road. Allow yourself at least two days to fully travel the loop due to the size of the park and occasionally heavy traffic.

Safety Awareness

Buffaloes often block the roads in the park as they migrate through the fields. If a herd is traveling across the road you are on, you can either wait for them to pass or find an alternative route. If you get out of your vehicle, you should stay at least 25 yards from any buffalo (and 100 yards or more away from bears and wolves). Buffaloes are particularly unpredictable and charge people at speeds up to 30 mph.

You can take your bicycle on any public roads and routes designed for bikes, but bicycles are not allowed on the park roads which are narrow with few shoulders. Elevations range from 5，300 to 8，860 feet. The National Park Service recommends that cyclists wear helmets and noticeable clothing.

1．What is TRUE about traveling in the Yellowstone Park?

A．Roads will stay open in spite of emergency.

B．Traffic jam is actually a rare thing.

C．The driving speed on the road can be 50 mph.

D．Motor vehicles are allowed in the winter.

2．What safety advice does the National Park Service offer?

A．Under no circumstances could you get out of the car.

B．Keep going forward when coming across buffaloes.

C．Do wear easy­to­see clothes while bicycling.

D．Bicycling is forbidden on the public roads.

3．Where can you probably find this article?

A．In a guidebook.

B．In a geography textbook.

C．In a research paper.

D．In a commercial advertisement.

【解题导语】　本文介绍了美国黄石国家公园的服务中心为参观者提供的几条建议。

1. B　解析：细节理解题。根据Seasonal Travel 部分中的第二句可知，发生岩崩或泥石流、森林火灾、事故或道路建设时，道路不开放。故A项(尽管有紧急情况，道路也会开放)是错误的。根据Driving Time部分中的第三句可知，主路限速45英里/小时，在窄路的弯道处限速更低，故C项错误。根据Seasonal Travel部分中的第四句可知，冬天几乎所有道路都不对摩托车开放，故D项错误。根据Driving Time部分最后一句中的“occasionally heavy traffic”可知，黄石公园很少有堵车情况。故选B项。

2. C　解析：细节理解题。根据关键词safety可定位到文中Safety Awareness部分；再根据该部分最后一段的最后一句可知，服务中心建议骑手戴安全帽、穿显眼的衣服。故选C项。

3. A　解析：文章出处题。根据第一段最后一句可知，本文介绍了黄石国家公园服务中心为游客提供的几条建议，故可推知，本文应摘自旅游指南手册。故选A项。

Test 2

Public libraries are an excellent resource for research, literacy(读写能力) education, and reading­centered events. Most towns have one or share library services with other towns through a mobile library, and the use of a public library is free to people who are willing to apply for a library card.

There are several primary sources of library funding(资金), starting with national funds which are distributed to states or provinces. These regions send the funds on to public libraries. Local governments also play an important role in providing funding for libraries, and most librarians apply for grants(拨款). Finally, private donations help to maintain libraries—most libraries have an association of Friends of the Library which organizes fund­raising sales and pays annual dues to help maintain the library.

Grants and private donations can also be used to provide a large amount of funding for public libraries, and some large libraries maintain a separate staff member to increase the amount of funding that they can obtain through these sources. Grants include technology grants which allow libraries to install and upgrade computer systems, grants which focus on a particular topic such as science, fiction, children’s books, or local history, and education grants which support locally­based community efforts such as after­school reading programs. Many private donors are pleased to support their local public libraries by donating funds or including some library in their wills, and libraries reward their donors with treats like after­hours visits or privileged access to special collections.

By combining multiple resources, creative librarians can keep their libraries useful, informative, and fun for browsers. When it comes to supporting public libraries, every little bit counts: if you cannot afford to donate to a local library, think about volunteering time to help shelve books, lead after­school programs, or organize fund­raisers. Being active with your public library is a very important way to contribute to your local community.

1．How many main sources of library funding are mentioned?

A．Two.　　　　　　　B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.

2．How is the funding made use of according to the text?

A．By exploring more about history.

B．By developing a scientific computer system.

C．By holding after­school activities for students.

D．By enriching special collections for the donors.

3．What does the underlined word “browsers” refer to in the last paragraph?

A．Viewers in the library.

B．Programs used to view documents.

C．People running the library.

D．Donors visiting the library regularly.

4．What is the purpose of the text?

A．To stress the value of public libraries.

B．To appeal for donation to local libraries.

C．To introduce sources of public library funding.

D．To show the procedure of funding libraries.

【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了图书馆资金的几个主要来源。

1．B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，图书馆资金来源主要有三个：国家资金；当地政府的拨款；私人捐款。

2．C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“education grants which support locally­based community efforts such as after­school reading programs”可知，有些资金用于为学生举办一些课外活动。

3．A　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“By combining multiple resources, creative librarians can keep their libraries useful, informative, and fun for browsers.”可知，通过组合多种资源，有创造力的图书馆馆长可以使他们的图书馆有用、信息丰富并且对于browsers来说有趣。故可推知browsers应是去图书馆的人。故答案为A。

4．C　解析：写作意图题。本文主要介绍了图书馆资金的几个主要来源，故答案为C。

Test 3

Recently whenever I turned on my computer or my mobile phone, news about the great effect of Hurricane Harvey on thousands of people caught my eye. I saw many unfortunate events. However, there was also the bright news that confirmed the goodness of mankind. As a journalist, I wrote many human­interest stories during my career. That’s why the story about the guys in the bakery caught my eye.

When the staff at a Mexican bakery chain in Houston were trapped inside the building for two days, they didn’t sit there feeling sorry for themselves. They used their time wisely after flooding caused by Hurricane Harvey. While they were waiting for the eventual rescue that came on Monday morning, four decided to make as many loaves of bread as possible for their community.

The flood water rose in the street outside. They took advantage of their emergency power supply to bake bread. They used more than 4,200 pounds of flour to create hundreds of loaves and sheets of sweet bread. Although the water kept rising, they continued baking to help more people. By the time the owner managed to get to them, they had made so much bread that they took the loaves to loads of emergency centers across the city for people affected by the floods.

The store manager, Brian Alvarado, told The Independent, “ Whenever a disaster occurs, nobody should just feel forlorn. Instead, we should take positive action to save ourselves and help others. Our acts of kindness will make a big difference.”

1．What did the bakery store workers do after flooding caused by Hurricane Harvey?

A．They volunteered to make bread for their community.

B．They managed to live by selling more bread in the store.

C．They felt sorry that they couldn’t escape from the store.

D．They ate nothing but to wait for their community to rescue them.

2．Which of the following best explains “forlorn” underlined in the last paragraph?

A．Fortunate.　　　　　　　 B．Hopeful.

C．Shallow. D．Desperate.

3．What can we infer from the text?

A．Alvarado organized his workers to bake much bread.

B．Hurricane Harvey caused a power failure in Houston.

C．The staff in the bakery sent enough flour to emergency centers.

D．The author preferred to write stories about people facing disasters.

4．What can be the best title for the text?

A．A Popular Mexican Bakery Chain in Houston

B．Wait for the Eventual Rescue in a Big Disaster

C．All Kinds of Disasters Caused by Hurricane Harvey in Houston

D．Bake Bread to Make a Difference in the Face of Hurricane Harvey

【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。一家连锁面包店的员工们在面对哈维飓风带来的洪水、断电时，在等待救援的同时采取积极的行动，利用应急电源烤面包去帮助社区受洪水影响的居民。

1. A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“While they were waiting for the eventual rescue that came on Monday morning, four decided to make as many loaves of bread as possible for their community.”可知，当这家面包房的员工们在等待周一上午的最终救援时，四人决定为他们的社区烤尽可能多的面包。故选A项。

2. D　解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“Instead, we should take positive action to save ourselves and help others.”可知，相反，我们应该采取积极的行动来拯救自己和帮助他人。由Instead可知，forlorn的意思与positive相反，故forlorn与desperate(绝望的)意思相近。故选D项。

3. B　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“They took advantage of their emergency power supply to bake bread.”可知，他们利用应急电源烤面包。由此可推知，哈维飓风造成休斯敦停电。故选B项。

4. D　解析：标题归纳题。根据第二三段的内容和最后一段中的“Our acts of kindness will make a big difference.”可知，D项(在面对哈维飓风时，烤面包起了很大作用)作为标题最能概括全文内容。故选D项。

Test 4

It’s common knowledge that some countries have higher life expectancies than others, but the city you live in can also affect your health.

Some cities are hard on their residents. In places with poor city planning, for example Lagos, which was called out recently by the Economist Intelligence Unit, public spaces are few, making outdoor activities hard. Lack of infrastructure(基础设施) blocks the streets with cars and the air with pollutants, and residents work long hours for little money.

These are just some of the factors added up by Spotahome, a rental agency. They’ve analyzed data from a range of sources, including the World Health Organization, TripAdvisor and the CIA World Factbook to score each city on health, gym availability and quality, life expectancies, obesity, green space and other elements to make a list to work out which are the world’s healthiest cities.

The list is certainly Eurocentric and sunshine is seen as a positive factor. It does go some way toward suggesting which cities are getting it right in providing a good life for their residents. It may not be surprising to learn that most of the healthiest cities are in northern Europe, known for its people­first approach to city planning. The cities of Australia and Canada also do well. However, the first American city is only in 34th place. The U．K. doesn’t fare too well either—its only city in the top 50 list is London, in 40th.

Whether you’re planning a wholesome holiday, or simply wondering what your city can do better in its quest for happy citizens, the list of the 50 healthiest cities will give you pause for thought about the future of city planning. Here are the slender, healthy­eating, clean­aired cities that are getting it right.

1．What plays the key role in building a healthy city according to the text?

A．Local culture.

B．City planning.

C．Economic condition.

D．Geographical position.

2．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?

A．How the list of the healthiest cities came into being.

B．What Spotahome discovered in the recent study.

C．The reasons why Spotahome carried out the study.

D．The places where the data of the study came from.

3．What can we learn from the text?

A．Cities in America lack enough sunshine.

B．The U．K. ranked higher than America in the list.

C．Australia and Canada have the best city planning.

D．Some people in Lagos may live a poor life.

4．What may be the best title for the text?

A．The Best Places to Have a Rich Life

B．The Happiest Lifestyle in the World

C．The City Factors Affecting Your Health

D．The Nice Countries to Keep Healthy

【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究者们通过调查发现城市建设会影响居民的健康。通过分析健康、绿化、预期寿命等因素，研究者们还列出了一个世界上最健康的城市的清单。

1. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段可知，大家都知道一些国家比其他国家拥有更高的预期寿命，但是人们居住的地市也会影响人们的健康，即城市规划在创建一个健康城市方面扮演着一个很重要的角色，故选B项。

2. A　解析：段落大意题。第三段主要介绍了研究者们通过从各种来源中分析数据，然后根据健康、体育设备的利用率和质量、预期寿命、肥胖指数、绿化方面和其他的一些因素对每个城市进行打分来制订清单并列出世界上最健康的城市。由此可知，本段主要介绍了这份最健康城市的清单是怎样形成的，故选A项。

3. D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Lack of infrastructure(基础设施) blocks the streets with cars and the air with pollutants, and residents work long hours for little money.”可知，在拉各斯，一些居民可能过着贫穷的生活，故选D项。

4. C　解析：标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了城市建设对居民健康的影响，故选C项。