2019高考英语阅读理解专题选编（9）

李仕才

A

Captain John Bunch loves to go fishing. In fact, Bunch loves fishing so much that he became a professional fishing guide decades ago and has remained one ever since. There is something, however, that Bunch loves even more. That is his country and the men and women who join the army to protect it. Ever since Bunch met a young soldier in 2005, who wanted to go on a fishing trip before he left the army, the Florida native has offered over 1 200 fishing trips to veterans(退伍军人), with all expenses paid.

And Bunch’s efforts to give back to those who have served their nation go even much further. Inspired by that fishing trip 11 years ago, he founded Operation Open Arms, which has since helped nearly 3 400 US troops and given out more than $12 million in direct benefits with his charity. Operation Open Arms also provides free weddings, vacations, and more leisurely activities to veterans, and can rely on a network of over 300 businesses and individual partners to get former soldiers anything they might need upon returning home from army.

The former marine’s heartwarming generosity is a result of his own experiences in the military and the pride he has for his country. "I do this because I love my country and I do this because America is the greatest country in the world," he told NBC’s Today Show. Bunch’s unwavering commitment goes so far that he once turned down an invitation from then-President George W. Bush, because he had already scheduled a fishing trip with one of his veterans. Even the military has recognized Bunch’s work of love, and earlier this year honored him and his organization with the Outstanding Civilian Service Award and the Army’s most prestigious civilian award.

1.What caused John Bunch to offer free fishing trips to veterans?

A.A young soldier’s desire to go on a fishing trip.

B. Working as a professional fishing guide.

C. Having served in the army.

D. Growing up in Florida.

2.What is Paragraph Two mainly about?

A. The achievements Operation Open Arms has made.

B. How Operation Open Arms was founded.

C. Activities Captain John Bunch has joined.

D. The missions of Operation Open Arms.

3.Which can best describe John Bunch’s personality?

A. Ambitious and talented. B. Responsible and patient.

C. Honest and determined. D. Warm-hearted and generous.

4.John Bunch didn’t accept George W. Bush’s invitation because___.

A. he thought little of him B. he didn’t want to see him

C. he had to take care of business D. he wanted to stay with veterans

【文章大意】钓鱼向导John Bunch不仅自己喜欢钓鱼，而且还为美国退伍军人安排很多次免费的钓鱼之旅，并为他们提供一些其他的福利。

1.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Ever since Bunch met a young soldier in 2005, who wanted to go on a fishing trip before he left the army, the Florida native has offered over 1 200 fishing trips to veterans(退伍军人), with all expenses paid"可知,2005年,Captain John Bunch遇上一个年轻的士兵，士兵说他希望退役前能来一次钓鱼之旅。此后，Captain John Bunch为退伍军人安排了1 200多次免费的钓鱼之旅。故此题选A。

3.D 【解析】推理判断题。从短文中John Bunch为退伍军人安排免费的钓鱼之旅,和"provides free weddings..."等可知，John Bunch不仅友好，具有强烈的助人为乐精神,而且还成立慈善机构慷慨大方地帮助退伍军人。故选D。

4.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的"he once turned down an invitation from then-President George W. Bush, because he had already scheduled a fishing trip with one of his veterans"可知，John Bunch曾经拒绝布什总统的邀请是因为他事先计划要和退伍军人一起去钓鱼。

B

(2015·东北三校二模)

To most people，noise pollution is a jet flying over their head.For one Spanish woman，it is a neighbor playing the piano.The woman has taken her neighbor to court.Now she wants to send her neighbor to prison for over seven years on the charges of psychological damage and noise pollution.

In a country known for its noisiness，the case has raised eyebrows.Neighbors often complain about street noise in Spain，but people seeking prison time for someone practicing the piano is unheard of.At the trial，Sonia Bosom says she has been suffering noise pollution up to now due to the practice sessions of Laia Martin，who lives below her.Martin，27，didn’t admit that she played at home that often，saying she took regular classes in other towns and mostly practiced at home on the weekends.

On the first day of the trial，the newspaper reported that Bosom told the court she now hated pianos so much that she couldn’t even stand seeing them in a film.

Bosom says years of hearing constant playing has caused her “psychological injury”．Medical reports show she has suffered from a variety of problems，including insomnia(失眠)，anxiety，and panic attacks.

She says tests by local authorities have found that the sound levels made by the piano are up to 10 decibels(分贝) higher than the limit.City authorities have asked the family several times to either stop the piano playing or soundproof(隔音) the room.The family told the court they carried out soundproofing work twice but the complaints continued.

The court hasn’t made a final decision.A spokeswoman says the trial will end before May.

1．Bosom wants to send Martin to prison because ________．

A．Martin’s playing the piano damaged her health

B．Bosom suffered from heart attack

C．Martin refused to take regular classes in other towns

D．Martin flew a jet over her head

2．How did Laia Martin respond to the complaints?

A．She stopped playing the piano.

B．She soundproofed the room.

C．She didn’t admit she played at home.

D．She took her neighbor to court.

3．Which of the following may probably be the best title for the passage?

A．A 7­year Sentence Caused by the Piano

B．Pianist Charged with Noise Pollution

C．Health Problems of a Spanish Woman

D．Actions Against Noise by Local Authority

【解题导语】　本文是一篇新闻报道。一位西班牙女士因不能容忍邻居练习钢琴的噪声而把对方告上法庭。

1．解析：选A。细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“For one Spanish woman，it is a neighbor playing the piano...Now she wants to send her neighbor to prison for over seven years on the charges of psychological damage and noise pollution.”可知，Bosom要把邻居Martin送进大牢是因为Martin练习钢琴的噪声对她的身心造成了极大的伤害。故答案选A。

2．解析：选B。细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句“The family told the court they carried out soundproofing work twice but the complaints continued.”可知，遭到投诉后，Laia Martin给自己家的房间做了隔音处理。故答案选B。

3．解析：选B。标题概括题。本文主要报道了一位钢琴练习者因制造噪音污染而被告上法庭的案件。故答案选B。

C

Exploit your parking space

An unused parking space or garage can make money. If you live near a city center or an airport, you could make anything up to £200 or £300 a week. Put an advertisement（广告）for free on Let park or At my house park.

Rent（出租）a room

Spare room? Not only will a lodger（房客）earn you an income, but also, thanks to the government-backed “rent a room” program, you won’t have to pay any tax on the first £4500 you make per year. Try advertising your room on Roomspare or Roommateeasy.

Make money during special events

Won’t want a full-time lodger? Then rent on a short-term basis. If you live in the capital, renting a room out during the Olympics or other big events could bring in money, Grashpadder can advertise your space.

Live on set

Renting your home out as a “film set” could earn you hundreds of pounds a day, depending on the film production company and how long your home is needed. A quick search on the Internet will bring up dozens of online companies that allow you to register your home for free—but you will be charged if your home gets picked.

Use your roof

You need the right kind of roof, but some energy companies pay the cost of fixing solar equipment(around￡14,000), and let you use the energy produced for nothing. In return, they get paid for unused energy fed back into the National Grid. However, you have to sign a 25-year agreement with the supplier, which could prevent you from changing the roof.

( ) 1. If you earn ￡5000 from renting a room in one year, the tax you need to pay will be based on ______.

A. ￡800 B. ￡500 C. ￡4500 D.5000

( ) 2. Where can you put an advertisement to rent out a room during a big event?

A. On Letpark. B. On Roomspare.

C. On Grashpadder. D. On Roommateeasy.

( ) 3. If you want to use energy free, you have to_____.

A. sign an agreement with the government

B. pay around ￡14,000 for the equipment

C. sell the roof to some energy companies

D. keep the roof unchanged for within 25 years

( ) 4. For whom the text most probably written?

A. Lodgers. B. Advertisers.

C. House owners. D. Online companies

【参考答案】1---4、BCDC

D

(2015·贵阳高三适应性监测一)

As the November cold begins to take control in the UK，Bonfire Night (or Guy Fawkes Night) is a chance to wrap up in winter clothes and warm up by the fire.

Celebrated on November 5，Guy Fawkes Night has been part of British history since 1605，when Fawkes was found trying to blow up parliament(议会) with barrels of gunpowder.Now，it is traditional for Britons to make a fake(假的)“Guy”every year from old clothes and burn it on the fire.

If you visit a small town in the southwest of the country，you might see men from the village run through the crowded streets with huge wooden barrels on their backs，then fill them with tar(焦油) and set them on fire.And in Lewes，a town in the southern English county of Sussex，different groups of bonfire societies parade(游行) the streets，each wearing their own unique outfits and carrying a giant mascot(吉祥物)，which they burn at their own bonfire party at the end of the evening.

Bonfire Night is also a time for “chili con carne”，a dish made from slow­cooked beef mince，tomatoes，kidney beans，onions，and spices.It is often served on top of a hot jacket potato with butter and cheese.It’s not the most elegant dish in the world but it’s sure to warm people up while they brave the cold for the festivities.

But for many Britons，the night is not complete without “bonfire treacle toffee(太妃糖)”，which is also known as “plot toffee”，named after Guy Fawkes’ plot to blow up parliament.The toffee is rock hard and is often broken with a hammer and handed out to guests.

Whether it’s the sound of fireworks making Britain sound like a war zone，the hearty winter food，or the excuse to light a huge fire，Bonfire Night has something for everyone.Just watch out for those rockets!

1．What is Guy Fawkes Night?

A．A person to explode the parliament.

B．A guy to be controlled in the UK.

C．A symbol for Britons to enter winter.

D．A dish famous to British people.

2．Why do people have “chili con carne”？

A．It’s the most elegant.

B．It’s full of energy.

C．It’s on jacket potatoes.

D．It’s slowly cooked.

3．The underlined word “rockets” refers to “________”．

A．celebrations

B．fireworks

C．performances

D．bonfires

4．What is the text mainly about?

A．The origin of Guy Fawkes Night.

B．The introduction of a traditional food.

C．A complete toffee on Bonfire Night.

D．Activities on the night of November 5.

【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。主要向读者介绍了英国的一个节日，包括这个节日的历史背景和人们在这个节日里举办的活动等。

1．解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Bonfire Night (or Guy Fawkes Night) is a chance to wrap up in winter clothes and warm up by the fire”可知，在Bonfire Night那天，人们开始穿上冬天的棉衣，坐在火堆旁取暖。由此可推知，这个节日标志着英国要进入冬季了。故答案选C。

2．解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句中的“it’s sure to warm people up while they brave the cold for the festivities”可知，这道菜能让人们暖和起来，帮助他们抵御寒冷。由此可推知，人们吃这道菜是因为它充满了能量。故答案选B。

3．解析：选B。词义猜测题。画线词所在的句子句意为：只需小心那些“火箭”！根据最后一段第一句中的“Whether it’s the sound of fireworks making Britain sound like a war zone”可知，在Guy Fawkes Night这天， 英国人会放烟花，故下文提到的画线词“火箭”应指这些烟花。故答案选B。

4．解析：选D。主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了英国的一个节日，这个节日在11月5日举办；文章还介绍了人们在这个节日举行的活动。所以D项“11月5日夜晚的活动”概括了文章的主旨。故答案选D。

E

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

My heart beat with that feeling, pumping it like blood to my body as my fingers flew across the piano keys. As the piece neared the end, I stood up to take my final bow. For a second, the room was quiet. Yet, even in that one second, I had enough time to doubt whether I had done everything perfectly. Then, suddenly, the applause came.

“Thank you… so much,” I said, turning to Olga, my piano teacher for six years. “You’ve been an amazing student all these years,” she said, “and I hope that whatever you do, you never stop practicing.”

I leaned forward, promising I would always keep playing because I loved piano, and hugged her.

It turned out to be that promises weren’t as meaningful as I’d hoped for them to be. Right after quitting, I kept up my strict practicing schedule. Soon, it began slipping away from me. After all, the reason I had stopped taking lessons was that my schedule was busy with homework. Not long after, I stopped practicing altogether. It was pleasing not to have to stress about piano anymore. But something was shifting inside of me. I was empty inside.

One day I met Michelle, who had also taken piano lessons from Olga for quite a while.

“So, are you still taking lessons from Olga?” She asked.

“Um, no, actually I just quit a while ago,” I replied quickly.

“Oh, that’s a shame,” she responded, “You used to be so good — I remember your performance a year ago; it was breathtaking.”

Two days after talking to Michelle, I subconsciously(潜意识地)sat down on the bench and started playing. I wasn’t even trying to make the notes sound musically correct…I was simply doing what I should have been this entire time: playing, just to be playing.

As the music spread, a familiar feeling rose inside me.

1. According to the passage, the quiet room made the writer doubt .

A. whether she ended the music a little earlier B. whether she expressed her feeling in music

C. whether she played the piano perfectly D. whether she was polite to make a bow

2. Why did the writer stop practicing the piano?

A. She lost interest in playing the piano. B. She was satisfied with her performance.

C. She thought Olga to be too strict with her. D. She was busy with her homework.

3. After stopping the piano, the writer felt .

A. she seemed to have no purpose in life B. she got rid of the pressure of life

C. she had more time to do other activities D. she changed herself into another person

4. Michael seemed to think .

A. the writer could become a famous pianist B. it was a pity for the writer to stop practicing

C. the writer should be ashamed of her decision D. the performance of the writer made her heart broken

【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文，主要介绍了一个很有音乐天赋的女孩，放弃练习弹钢琴后的感受，以及最终重新开始弹钢琴的故事。

1.C【命题立意】 细节理解题。考查考生对具体信息的判断能力

【试题解析】 根据第一段倒数第二句话可知，因为作者演奏完之后全场寂静，因此作者怀疑自己演奏的是否完美。

2.D【命题立意】 推理判断题。考查考生推理判断的能力。

【试题解析】 根据文章第四段第四句话可知作者因忙于功课而停止了练习弹钢琴。

3.A【命题立意】 细节理解题。考查考生对具体信息的判断能力。

【试题解析】 根据第四段最后一句话可知，因为停止弹钢琴，作者感到了生活空虚，因此好像生活没有了目的。

4.B【命题立意】 推理判断题。考查考生推理判断的能力。

【试题解析】 根据文章的倒数第三段第一句话和第二句话，可知她认为作者不练习弹钢琴太可惜了，因为她弹得那么好。