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时间：2023-11-04 05:04:13 下载该word文档

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英语四级阅读练习及答案
PassageOne:Asthehorizonsofsciencehaveexpended,twomaingroupsofscientistshaveemerged.Oneisthepurescientist,theother,appliedscientist.Thepureortheoreticalscientistdoesoriginalresearchinordertounderstandthebasiclawsofthenaturethatgovernourworld.Theappliedscientistadaptsthisknowledgetopracticeproblems.Neitherismoreimportantthantheothers,however,forthegroupsareverymuchrelated.Sometimes,however,theappliedscientistfindsthe“problems”forthetheoreticalscientisttoworkon.Let’stakeaparticularproblemoftheaircraftindustry:heat-resistantmetals.Manyofthemetalsandalloysthatperformsatisfactorilyincarcannotbeusedinajet-propelled(喷气推进式plane,Newalloysmustbeused,becausethejetengineoperatesatamuchhighertemperaturethananautomobileengine.Theturbinewheel(涡轮inaturbojet(涡轮喷气发动机mustwithstandtemperaturesashighas1,600degreesFahrenheit,soaircraftdesignershave

~toturntotheresearchmetallurgistforthedevelopmentofmetalsandalloysthatwoulddothejobinjet-propelledplanes.Divingscientistsintotwogroups-pureandapplied-isonlyonebroadwayofclassifyingthem,however.Whenscientificknowledgewasverylimited,therewasnoneedformentospecialize.Today,withthegreatbodyofscientificknowledge,scientistsspecializeinmanydifferentfields.Withineachfield,thereisevenfurthersubdivision.And,withfinerandfinersubdivisions,thevariousscienceshavebecomemoreandmoreinterrelateduntilnobranchisentirelyindependentoftheothers.Manynewspecialties-geophysicsandbiochemistry,forexample-haveresultedfromcombiningtheknowledgeoftwoormorescience.1.TheappliedscientistAdoesoriginalresearchtothebasiclawsofnatureBappliedtheresultofresearchtopracticalproblemsCprovidesthebasicknowledgeforthepurescientistD
isnotinterestedinpracticalproblems

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