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2020年同济大学附属七一中学高三英语第四次联考试题及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
LocatedinLosAngeles,UniversityofSouthernCaliforniaisintheheartofaleadingcity.AlthoughLArankshighlyinTheEconomist’sSafeCitiesIndex,navigatingandcitycallsforcertainsafetyprecautions(预防措施alongwithpracticingcommonsense.
♦MobileSafetyAppPoweredbyLiveSafe
TheMobileSafetyApppoweredbyLiveSafe,managebytheUSCDepartmentofPublicSafetyandtheUSCDepartmentofEmergencyPlanning,isafreedownloadableappthatmobileuserscanusetoinitiatecontactwithemergencyrespondersaroundthecampus.Featuresinclude:immediate“pushbutton”callstoDPS,easyreportingforsuspiciousactivityorcrimesinprogress,andlocationservicestonotifyfriendsofyourroutethroughcampus.
♦BlueLightPhoneLocations
TheUniversityParkhasmultiplebluelightphonesthatarestrategicallyplacedthroughoutcampus.Takenoteofwheretheclosestonesareonyourroute.Theycomeinhandyincaseyouloseyourphoneorinanemergency.ThesephonesaredirectlyconnectedtoUSC’sDepartmentofPublicSafety’s24-hourcommunicationscenter.Besidesemergencyneeds,itcanalsobeusedtoreportsuspiciousactivity,requestforanescort(护送ifyoufeelunsafeandtoreportacrime.♦TrojansAlert
TrojansAlertisanemergencynotificationsystemthatallowsuniversityofficialstocontactyouduringanemergencybysendingmessagesviatextmessageoremail.Whenanemergencyoccurs,authorizedUSCsenderswillinstantlynotifyyouwithreal-timeupdates,instructionsonwheretogo,whattodo(orwhatnottodo,whomtocontactandotherimportantinformation.AllmembersoftheUSCcommunity,aswellasparentsandregularvisitorstocampus,arestronglyencouragedtosignupforTrojansAlert.1.Whatdobluelightphonesdoforstudents?A.Guidestudentsthroughcampus.B.Alertstudentstocrimeactivities.C.Lightupthewayifstudentsfeelunsafe.

D.Connectthemwiththesafetydepartment.
2.HowdoesUSCsendoutinstructionsduringanemergency?A.Withbluelightphones.B.Viatextmessageoremail.C.Throughmobilesafeapp.D.BycallingallUSCmembers.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toencouragestudentstofightcrime.B.TointroduceUSC’ssafetydepartment.C.ToprovidesafetyservicesforUSCstudents.D.Toinformparentsofsafetyrisksoncampus.
B
Haveyoueverdonesomethingthatwasreallydangerousjustbecauseyouthoughtitwassafe？Maybeyoudidadangeroustrickonyourbicycleorskateboardbecauseyouwerewearingahelmetandthoughtyoucouldn’tgethurt.Thepsychology(心理ofthissortofbehavioriscalledthePeltzmanEffect,namedafterSamPeltzman,professorofeconomicsattheUniversityofChicago.Peltzmanbelievesthatthosemomentswhenpeoplethinktheyarethesafestarethetimeswhentheyactmostdangerously.
Peltzmansaidthatpeopledrovemoredangerouslywhentheyworeseatbelts(安全带.Drivingalargefour-wheeldrivevehiclehasasimilareffectondrivers’behavior.Becausedriversoflargevehiclessituphigherandcanseebetter,theyfeeltheycanmakebetterjudgmentswhentheydrive.Theyarebetterprotectedinaccidents,sotheyactmoredangerously.Thismakesdrivingmorehazardoustootherdrivers.
ThePeltzmanEffectisn’tjustlimitedtodriving.In1972,theAmericanFoodandDrugAdministration(FDApassedalawrequiringchildsafetycapsonmostmedicinebottles.Thesafetycapsweredesignedtopreventchildrenfromaccidentallytakingthemedicine,especiallypainkillerssuchasaspirin.Requiringsafetycapssoundedlikeagreatidea,buttherewasanunexpectedsideeffect.Becausethesafetycapsaresohardtotakeoff,somepeopleleavethemoffaltogether．
Worse,someparentsleavethebottleswherekidscanreachthembecausetheyfeelthatitissafebecauseofthecap.AstudyonthePeltzmanEffectshowedthatmorethan3,500childrenhavebeenharmedbyaspirinbecauseofthesafetycaps.
ThePeltzmanEffectdescribeshowwe’relikelytotakemorerisksandactmoredangerouslywhenwefeel

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