Unit 2 English around the world

Section Ⅰ　 Warming Up,Pre-reading,

Reading & Comprehending

课后篇巩固提升

一、用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空

because of　come up　at present　make use of　such as

be based on　play a part in　the number of

1.Each of us should 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　making the earth a better place to live on. 

答案:play a part in

2.Today 　　　　　　　　　　　　　people traveling abroad is increasing. 

答案:the number of

3.He didn’t attend the meeting 　　　　　　　　his cold. 

答案:because of

4.The teachers in this school,　　　　　　　　 Mr.White and Mrs.Black,are very kind to the students. 

答案:such as

5.I hope the plan which is being carried out in our city 　　　　　　　　will bring us a good result. 

答案:at present

6.The film about a couple’s life 　　　　　　　　　a true story. 

答案:is/was based on

7.When the thief saw a policeman 　　　　　　　　to him,he ran away quickly. 

答案:coming up

8.We should train them to 　　　　　　　　　　　　reference books. 

答案:make use of

二、用适当的介词或副词填空

1.　　　　　 the end of the show,the audience stood up and cheered. 

答案:At

2.People go to the cinema because they want to see something different 　　　　　everyday life. 

答案:from

3.As languages develop,the meaning of the words can change 　　　　　time. 

答案:over

4.Come 　　　　　to the fire,and you will feel much warmer. 

答案:up

5.They must have finished the work 　　　　　now. 

答案:by

三、单句填空

1.His famous novel is based 　　　　　a true story. 

答案:on/upon

2.My brother can’t go to work because 　　　　　his foot being hurt. 

答案:of

3.Please don’t worry.Your son is all right 　　　　　present. 

答案:at

4.Tom is more 　　　　　my neighbour.He is a close friend of mine as well. 

答案:than

5.They decided to make 　　　　　voyage to the United States. 

答案:a

6.I don’t know why the old lady comes to school 　　　　　　　　(frequent). 

答案:frequently

四、完成句子

1.因为这场大雨,我们不能去上班。

We can’t go to work 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 

答案:because of the heavy rain

2.你认为哪一个队将赢得这场足球赛?

Which team 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 will win the football match? 

答案:do you think

3.他提出了一个很好的计划。

He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　a good plan. 

答案:came up with

4.你将怎样利用最后一个月的时间?

How 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the last month? 

答案:will you make use of

5.目前,他正在写一本关于他的故乡的书。

　　　 　　　　　　 ,he is writing a book about his hometown. 

答案:At present

6.这部电影是以我们的城市为基础的。

This film 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　our city. 

答案:is based on

五、阅读理解

A

There are some differences between American English and British English.Some differences are quite interesting.

When my friend Lily from London used the word “larder”,I didn’t know what it meant.Realizing I didn’t follow her,she used another word.I finally knew she wanted to find something to keep some food.The next word came up when we were planning a lunch date.She jotted down the date and time in her diary,while I marked my calendar.If she called me on the phone,she would ring me up.But if the line was busy,she would say the line was engaged. 

Most times,I can know what Lily means.Last week,she regretted sending her boys to watch an early morning tennis game without their fleeces.I thought that she meant without their jackets or something like those.Other times,we have to ask each other.She recently told me a funny tale about a woman who was pissed.I wondered what had made the lady angry.It turns out that “pissed” means “drunk”.

Here is one more example.My British friend Jane was filling out a ticket at the grocery store recently.She asked the young man if he had a rubber.When she noticed he didn’t follow her,she quickly asked for an eraser,which,in England,is often called a rubber.

In order to communicate well with the British,we Americans should learn some words that the British use differently.And I think people who learn English as a second language should also realize that there are differences between American English and British English.

1.When Lily used the word “larder”,she was probably looking for a 　　　. 

A.cup B.ladder

C.cupboard D.cooker

答案:C

解析考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“I finally knew she wanted to find something to keep some food”可知,Lily在寻找一个可以储存食物的东西,cupboard“橱柜”,符合题意。

2.What does the underlined phrase “jotted down” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A.Wrote down. B.Left behind.

C.Looked for. D.Settled down.

答案:A

解析考查词义猜测。根据画线词后面的“in her diary”以及“while I marked my calendar”可知,Lily把日期和时间记在了日记本上。write down“记下,写下”。

3.Last week,Lily regretted sending her boys to watch a tennis game mainly because 　　　. 

A.she thought the game was boring

B.she wanted to spend time with her boys

C.she didn’t dress her boys in thick clothes

D.her boys got lost

答案:C

解析考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“an early morning tennis game”和“I thought that she meant without their jackets or something like those”可推断,Lily后悔送她的孩子们去看网球比赛是因为她没给孩子们穿厚一点的衣服。

4.According to the passage,in British English 　　　. 

A.the word “pissed” means “angry”

B.the word “jacket” is often used

C.the word “engaged” means “tired”

D.the word “rubber” means “eraser”

答案:D

解析考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“she quickly asked for an eraser,which,in England,is often called a rubber”可知,选D项。

B

If you were to travel back in time to the tenth century,you probably wouldn’t be able to understand a sentence that anyone said to you.They’d be speaking Old English.Talking to a tenth-century Englishman,you’d probably only be able to understand a few words like “a” or “the”.Only about one-sixth of today’s English words have an Old English root(词根),with the rest having foreign influences.

Gradually Old English turned into the Middle English that Chaucer wrote in—but still the official language of England was French!It was only in 1362,during Chaucer’s lifetime,that English was used at the opening of Parliament(议会) for the first time.During the same year a law called the“Statute of Pleading” was passed,making English the official language in Parliament.In 1399,King Henry Ⅳ became the first king of England after the Norman Conquest whose mother tongue was English.

English was still a language of low status(地位)—especially when it came to writing poetry(诗歌).During the 14th century,the Italians and French were creative.Great poets like Dante were writing in totally new ways.But English had no such great writers.This was where Chaucer made a difference.He took the language of the man in the street and turned it into many famous works,such as The Canterbury Tales.Chaucer proved poetry written in English could be every bit as good as books in French.

Of course,the English language has continued to change since Chaucer’s day.For example,Shakespeare’s English is quite different from Chaucer’s.And it is still changing now.Until just a few years ago,“C U L8R”(see you later) was just a set of letters and numbers,but now most people know what it means!

5.What happened during Chaucer’s lifetime?

A.Old English began to turn into the Middle English.

B.English’s status was greatly improved.

C.English was used only in Parliament.

D.English kings usually spoke English.

答案:B

解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It was only in 1362...making English the official language in Parliament.”可知,在乔叟时代,英语的地位得到显著提高。

6.Why was Chaucer so great?

A.He first used formal English to write.

B.He had a big influence on poets like Dante.

C.He was a pioneer in writing English poems.

D.He encouraged people to read books in French.

答案:C

解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“This was where Chaucer made a difference...as good as books in French.”可知,乔叟是用英语创作诗歌的先驱。

7.Why did the author give the example of Shakespeare’s English?

A.To explain English is always changing.

B.To explain how the Middle English changed.

C.To show Shakespeare’s English is unusual.

D.To show how people respond to new words.

答案:A

解析推理判断题。最后一段主题句是首句“the English language has continued to change”,作者举这个例子是为了说明英语一直在变化。

8.How is the text developed?

A.By space. B.By comparison.

C.By importance. D.By time.

答案:D

解析推理判断题。分析全文结构及文中的1362,1399,now 可知,本文是按照时间顺序展开的。

六、根据课文内容填空

At first,nearly all the people 1.　　　　　 spoke English lived in England.Later in the 17th century,people from England made voyages 2.　　　　　　　 (conquer) other parts of the world and 3.　　　　　　　 of that,English began to 4.　　　　　　　 (speak) in many other countries. 

English has changed much over time.Old English was based more 5.　　　　　 German.Then English was changed 6.　　　　　　　 (gradual).The people who ruled England enriched the English language.Later some British settlers moved to America.7.　　　　　 the 19th century,two English dictionaries were written by Samuel Johnson and Noah Webster.The dictionary 8.　　　　　　 (write) by the latter gave a separate identity to American English 9.　　　　　(spell).Now English is spoken in many countries as a foreign or second language.Many people in India can speak 10.　　　　　 (fluently) English. 

Today the number of people learning English in China and other countries of the world is increasing rapidly.

答案:1.who　2.to conquer　3.because　4.be spoken

5.on　6.gradually　7.By　8.written　9.spelling　10.fluent