2018届常州高三年级期末考试(一模)英语试卷 (解析版)

第一卷(选择题，共85分)

第一部分　听力(共两节，满分20分)

第一节(共5小题；每小题l分，满分5分)

(　　) 1. What does the man think of the actress?

A. She looks good. 　　　　B. She works hard. 　　　　C. She isn't attractive.

(　　) 2. Why can't the speakers exercise next week?

A. Because they'll go out to work.

B. Because they'll fix some pipes.

C. Because one pipe goes wrong.

(　　) 3. What is the man going to do this weekend?

A. See Jim off. B. Make a wish. C. Host a party.

(　　) 4. How will the man pay the woman?

A. 10 dollars an hour. B. 12 dollars an hour. C. 15 dollars an hour.

(　　) 5. What are the speakers doing?

A. Listening to a lecture. B. Listening to music. C. Having a discussion.

第二节(共15小题； 每小题1分，满分15分)

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

(　　) 6. What can we know about the computer?

A. It can only be used in a fixed place.

B. It can only be ordered over the phone.

C. It comes with a fourteen­day free trial.

(　　) 7. What can buyers get if they pay by credit card?

A. A bigger discount. B. A faster delivery. C. A lower risk.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

(　　) 8. Why is the plane delayed?

A. Because of the building. B. Because of flight itself. C. Because of the weather.

(　　) 9. What can we know from the conversation?

A. The woman is going to celebrate her son's birthday.

B. The airport has just been finished a short time ago.

C. The speakers will not wait for this flight to Seattle.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

(　　)10. How did the man learn about Martin Harris?

A. From the woman. B. From the radio news. C. From the newspaper.

(　　)11. What do we know about Martin Harris?

A. He saved many people in the flood.

B. He bought a small boat for the storm.

C. He gave advice to people in the flood.

(　　)12. What should you do if you are stuck in the flood?

A. Find a boat for you to get to a high place.

B. Hold on to something that floats.

C. Wait for Martin Harris for help.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

(　　)13. What is the most probable relationship of the two speakers?

A. Teacher and student. B. Mother and son. C. Classmates.

(　　)14. What is the boy's uncle?

A. A doctor. B. A nurse. C. An insurance agent.

(　　)15. Why did the boy hesitate in talking about his dream at first?

A. He was afraid of being laughed at.

B. His uncle didn't want him to talk about it.

C. He was worried that it wouldn't come true.

(　　)16. Which of the following is true?

A. The boy's uncle advised him to be a nurse.

B. The boy often visits his uncle's hospital.

C. The woman thinks positively of the boy's dream.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

(　　)17. Why does the speaker write this letter?

A. To show his thanks. B. To show his regrets. C. To show his good wishes.

(　　)18. Which of the following is true about the speaker?

A. He likes eating beef stew and potatoes.

B. He preferred seeing snow to skating on the lake.

C. Looking at the stars in the sky was his long­time wish.

(　　)19. What did the speaker dislike about the trip last week?

A. The weather. B. The noise. C. The food.

(　　)20. What does the speaker and his family plan to do to welcome Monica?

A. Send her some tickets. B. Show her around his house.

C. Take her to watch basketball matches.

1. C　2. C　3. A　4. B　5. A　6. C　7. B　8. C 9. B　10. C　11. A　12. B　13. A　14. B　15. A 16. C　17. A　18. A　19. B　20. C

第二部分　英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)

第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　)21. Ladies and gentlemen, we ________ at Changzhou Station, please get ready to get off the train.

A. are to arrive B. are arriving C. are going to arrive D. will arrive

　)22. —What is the principal contradiction facing Chinese society nowadays?

—The contradiction between ________ development and the people's ever­growing needs for a better life.

A. sustainable B. inadequate C. privileged D. confidential

　)23. —When the Americans objected to this, what did the British do?

—They did not compromise, but increased control, ________ away many of their rights, and________ soldiers there.

A. taking; stationing B. taking; to station C. took; stationing D. took; to station

(　　)24. It's the gap year before going to university ________ students can make friends and work on meaningful projects ________ may help them understand college life better.

A. when; that B. which; that C. when; which D. where; which

(　　)25. —What does the famous NBA player say?

—“If there's a chance, I'd like to go to China to play for one basketball team”. So ________ for the next year's CBA matches.

A. stand out B. make up C. watch out D. hold up

　)26. Lots of people have stories about dangerous situations ________ they stepped out into the street, ________ to be nearly hit by a quick­moving e­bike.

A. that; just B. that; yet C. where; hardly D. where; only

　)27. Montreal is the ________ largest French­speaking city in the world, Paris ________ the largest.

A. second; is B. second; being C. secondly; is D. secondly; being

(　　)28. The director cannot be here, so I would like to express my warm welcome to all of you ________.

A. in his interest B. to his salute C. on his behalf D. at his service

(　　)29. —Why didn't you move to another city when you finished your further study abroad?

—I wanted to, but she simply ________ let me go.

A. couldn't B. wouldn't C. shouldn't have D. mustn't have

(　　)30. The man hid himself behind the door waiting ________ no other people could see him negociating with his manager about his promotion.

A. in case B. in that C. so that D. now that

　)31. At ________ he thinks is the appropriate moment, he will tell them all ________ he has suffered these years.

A. when; that B. when; what C. what; what D. what; which

(　　)32. —I don't see any reason why I sacrifice myself so much.

—Never forget why you started so that you can accomplish your mission, ________？

A. will you B. won't you C. can you D. can't you

(　　)33. —You scared him? —No, he ________ so easily.

A. doesn't scare B. isn't scaredC. didn't scare D. wasn't scared

(　　)34. —Has ISIS, the most shameful terrorist group, already been wiped off the earth?

—I guess not, but I think it ought to ________.

A. be done B. have been C. / D. have

(　　)35. All rights ________， no one is allowed to copy or use this paper for other commercial purposes.

A. preserved B. received C. deserved D. reserved

21.B 22.B 23.A 24.A 25.C 26.D 27.B 28.C 29，B 30.C 31.C 32.A 33.A 34.B 35.D

第21题考察时态。现在进行时表将来，表示计划好的事情，并且距离现在是不远的将来。根据句意：女士们先生们，我们即将到达常州站，下车的乘客请做好准备。用现在进行时表即将发生的动作。故选B。

第22题考察形容词词义辨析。A为可持续的，B为不充分的，C为赋予特权的，D为机密的。根据句意：人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾。不充分，用inadequate故选B。

第23题考察非谓语。doing表伴随，修饰前面的“加强控制”and后的stationing承接前面taking。根据句意：他们没有妥协，反而加强控制，夺走他们许多权力，并且在那儿驻兵。故选A。

第24题考察名词性从句和强调句。首先句子中没有先行词，不是定从，后面“students…on meaningful projects”完整，为名从。而“gap year”暗示“在这段时间中”所以用when，排除BD。把“it’s”和中间“before… on meaningful projects”去掉，“the gap year may help them understand college life better”句意仍然通畅，说明为强调句，用that。故选A。

第25题考察动词短语。A为凸显，B为化妆/解释/编造，C为留神，关注，D为举起/维持。根据句意：NBA选手说“如果有机会的话，我想加入中国的篮球队打比赛。”所以说我们接下来要留神关注明年的CBA赛事。故选C。

第26题考察名词性从句和固定搭配。首先句子中没有先行词，不是定从，后面“they stepped out into the street”并非对前面“situation”的名词解释，所以不是同位语从句，“situation”暗示“在这个形势下”应当是个抽象地点名词，用where,排除AB。后面句子中已有“nearly”，不用hardly，用only to do表示一种出乎意料不愉快的结果。故选D。
第27题考察固定搭配和独立主格。第一空the second largest固定搭配，前后主语不一致，为独立主格，用being。根据句意：蒙特利尔是世界第二大法语城市，仅次于巴黎。故选B。

第28题考察介词短语辨析。A为出于他的兴趣，B为出于他的尊敬，C为代表他，D为在他的命令下。根据句意：主管来不了了，所以我代表他向你们表示热烈欢迎。故选C。

第29题考察情态动词。首先D. mustn’t have没有这个表达，排除。C. shouldn’t have表示过去“本不该”，这里表示现在，不符合题意，wouldn’t表示‘偏不’，符合题意。根据句意：—“你为什么不搬到其他城市去呢？”—“我也想，但她偏不愿意让我走”。故选B。

第30题考察连词。A为以防万一，B为因为，C为所以/这样以至于，D为既然。根据句意：这个男人躲在门背后等待着，这样就没有人能看到他和他的经理商量着升职的事。故选C。

第31题考察名词性从句和定语从句。at后面缺名词，he thinks为插入语，is the appropriate moment, 缺主语，这里属于前缺后缺用what故选C。

第32题考察反义疑问句。有never表示否定意义，排除BD。祈使句的反义疑问句一般用will you。故选A。

第33题考察时态。scare 做不及物动词表示事物的属性和状态。he doesn’t scare so easily为一般状态。根据句意：他不那么容易吓到人的。故选A。

第34题考察虚拟语气和语态。根据句意：“他们本就该被消灭掉”。过去用have 体现过去，而省略句中表示状态，省略到be动词，故选have been。

第35题考察固定搭配。all rights reserved“版权(或著作权)所有”。故选D。

第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)

请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Last year, I heard about the Himalayas and the melting of the ice because of climate change. I decided to do a __36__ swim underneath Mt. Everest, the highest mountain on this earth.

When we got up to the small lake underneath the summit of Mt. Everest, I prepared myself in __37__ ways, for this swim would be so difficult. I put on my iPod, listened to some music, got myself as __38__ as possible and then I __39__ myself into that water. I swam as __40__ as I could for the first hundred meters. Afterwards I __41__ the huge problem on my hands. My fingers were __42__ the size of sausages because—you know, we're made partially of water—when water freezes it __43__. I then could barely breathe, began to __44__ and even threw up in the water. It all happened so quickly. I don't know why, but I went __45__. Luckily, the water was quite shallow, and I was able to push myself __46__ the bottom of the lake. I've heard it said that drowning is the most __47__ death you can have. I have never, ever heard such nonsense.

In our camp, I __48__ about what had gone wrong there on Mt. Everest with my crew. My team just gave it to me __49__. “Lewis, you need to have a complete __50__ if you want to __51__ it. Every single thing you've learned in the past 23 years of swimming, you must __52__. And also the every single thing you learned when you were __53__ in the British army, about speed and aggression. This is the time to swim with real __54__.”

I can't tell how good and __55__ I felt when I swam to the other side two days later. But I learned a very, very important lesson there on Mt. Everest: just because something worked in the past so well, it doesn't mean it's going to work in the future.

(　　)36. A. passionate B. symbolic C. creative D. remarkable

(　　)37. A. different B. simple C. common D. usual

(　　)38. A. aggressive B. optimistic C. protective D. energetic

(　　)39. A. put B. threw C. walked D. tried

(　　)40. A. carefully B. quickly C. slowly D. deeply

(　　)41. A. realized B. touched C. solved D. caused

(　　)42. A. hardly B. exactly C. mostly D. likely

(　　)43. A. freezes B. swells C. expands D. squeezes

(　　)44. A. choke B. weep C. swallow D. drink

(　　)45. A. underwater B. floating C. ahead D. slower

(　　)46. A. towards B. at C. off D. from

(　　)47. A. regretful B. helpful C. merciful D. peaceful

(　　)48. A. debated B. complained C. worried D. talked

(　　)49. A. fast B. straight C. direct D. forward

(　　)50. A. learning B. shift C. preparation D. understanding

(　　)51. A. use B. take C. make D. keep

(　　)52. A. remember B. insist C. exploit D. forget

(　　)53. A. swimming B. serving C. training D. fighting

(　　)54. A. respect B. intelligence C. imagination D. ambition

(　　)55. A. hopeful B. skillful C. painful D. thankful

答案：36-40 BDABB 41-45 ABCAA 46-50 CDDBB 51-55 CDBAD

详细解析 ：

第36题我决定在Mt. Everest下来一场创世纪的游泳。symbolic“有象征意义的”引申为“前无古人，后无来者的”，与后文作者一开始轻视这次游泳，想要创下记录的雄心呼应。

第37题无视后面for this swim would be so difficult，在文章最后“just because something worked in the past so well, it doesn’t mean it’sgoing to work in the future”暗示了作者当初在准备时是in usual ways，simple“简单的”，common“常见的”不符合题意，usual“平常的”符合。

第38题不要根据常识啊，要根据后文提示，倒数第二段“about speed and aggression”可知这里选aggressive“过分自信的，有进取心的”。

第39题throw oneself into water“积极投身于水中”，表示急切迫切的心情，符合上文提到的aggressive。

第40题也是根据aggressive可以判断作者游地很快很猛，slowly和carefully排除。

第41题后来我发现了我手的问题，用realize。

第42题be exactly the size ofsausages“完全和香肠一样肿”。

第43题expand“（在大小、尺寸方面）扩大，膨胀”，it代指water，水遇到结冰是膨胀的，用expand

第44题根据“throw up in the water”提示，因作者内部的水被冻住，导致他呼吸不便，所以有窒息感，用choke“窒息，不能呼吸”，

第45题根据“the bottom of the lake”提示，作者深入水下，即将溺亡，用underwater。

第46题push myself off the bottom ofthe lake“使我脱离水下”。

第47题根据后文“I have never ever heard such nonsense”提示，又与前面作者choke的窘境对比，用peaceful。

第48题talk about“与伙伴谈论此事”。

第49题根据后文“Lewis, you need to…”提示，可知是give it straight to me“直截了当地和我说”。

第50题后面几道题就都串联在一起了，have a complete shift“转变你的思想态度”。

第51题固定搭配，make it“成功达成”。

第52题根据前文“you’ ve learned in the past 23 years of swimming”和后文“just because something worked in the past so well, it doesn’t mean it’sgoing to work in the future”提示，作者必须忘记过去学习的技巧，达成shift“转变”。

第53题固定搭配serve in the army“在军队服役”。

第54题根据前文shift“思想转变”可知从前作者凭借着学到的技巧不重视游泳，现在要对珠穆朗玛峰底下游泳饱含“敬意”respect。

第55题根据“with real respect”提示作者现在对同事们的建议还有他的这段经历感到thankful，带有感恩意义。

第三部分　阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Lisbon to Sintra Overview

Sintra is 25km to the west of Lisbon. We strongly discourage driving to Sintra, as the narrow hill roads are not designed for the heavy tourist traffic and there is virtually no car parking once there. There are bus services to Sintra, but the journey times are longer than by train and the locations of the bus stations are not as convenient as the train stations.

The trains to Sintra are operated by the national train company of Portugal. There are two rail routes between Lisbon to Sintra, both equally useful for tourists. These services are：

1) Rossio Station to Sintra

2) Oriente station to Sintra, via Areeiro, Entrecampos, and Sete Rios stations

The Rossio service is the one typically used by most visitors, as it departs from the historic centre of Lisbon. The train departing from Oriente station is generally used by those visitors travelling onward to Sintra, as this route is closer to the airport, the main bus stations and train station.

As the Lisbon to Sintra railway is an urban route, tickets and seats cannot be pre­booked, but there is no real need as there is usually plenty of free seats. Due to the popularity of Sintra there can be long queues at Rossio station for tickets, our advice is always start a trip to Sintra as early in the day as possible.

All of Lisbon's train stations are considered as being in the same fare zone, so no matter the departing station the fare to Sintra will always be the same. A single from Lisbon to Sintra passes through four fare zones and costs word/media/image2.gif2.15/word/media/image2.gif1.10 (adult/child). There are no reductions for a return ticket, and the return fare will be the price of two singles.

　)56. To visit Sintra, travelers are advised to ________．

A. go there by train for safety reasons caused by narrow hill roads

B. take a bus there as there is a lack of car parking for self­drivers

C. book tickets beforehand in order to secure a seat on the train

D. set out early if taking Rossio route for fear of long ticket time

　)57. If two parents with a child start from Lisbon airport for a day's visit to Sintra and then come back by train, they will ________．

A. take the Oriente route and pay word/media/image2.gif10.8 for the fare

B. take the Rossio route and pay word/media/image2.gif10.8 for the fare

C. take the Oriente route and pay word/media/image3.gif16.2 for the fare

D. take the Rossio route and pay word/media/image3.gif16.2 for the fare

答案：DA

第56题D 第四段最后一句‘our advice is always start a trip as early in the day as possible’其中 start a trip 同义替换 set out。

第57题A 最后一段，大人每人2.15英镑，孩子每人1.10英镑。两大两小往返价格（2.15*2+1.1）*2=10.8 英镑。

B

We've all heard it before: to be successful, get out of bed early. After all, Apple CEO Tim Cook gets up at 3：45 am, Fiat CEO Sergio Marchionne at 3：30 am and Richard Branson at 5：45 am—and, as we know, “the early bird catches the worm.”

But just because some successful people wake up early, does that mean it's a trait most of them share? And if the idea of having exercised, planned your day, eaten breakfast, visualised and done one task before 8 am makes you want to roll over and hit snooze till next Saturday, are you really doomed to a less successful life?

For about half of us, this isn't really an issue. It's estimated that some 50% of the population isn't really morning or evening­oriented, but somewhere in the middle. Roughly one in four of us, though, tend more toward bright­eyed early risers, and another one in four are night owls. For them, the effects can go beyond falling asleep in front of the TV at 10 pm or being regularly late for work.

Numerous studies have found that morning people are more self­directed and agreeable. And compared to night owls, they're less likely to be depressed, drink or smoke.

Although morning types may achieve more academically, night owls tend to perform better on measures of memory, processing speed and cognitive ability, even when they have to perform those tasks in the morning. Night­time people are also more open and more creative. And one study shows that night owls are as healthy and wise as morning types—and a little bit wealthier.

Still think the morning people sound more like CEO material? Don't set your alarm for 5 am just yet. As it turns out, overhauling(大修) your sleep times may not have much effect.

“If people are left to their naturally preferred times, they feel much better. They say that they are much more productive. The mental capacity they have is much broader，” says Oxford University biologist Katharina Wulff. On the other hand, she says, pushing people too far out of their natural preference can be harmful. When they wake early, for example, night owls are still producing melatonin(褪黑激素). “Then you disrupt it and push the body to be in the daytime mode. That can have lots of negative physiological consequences，” Wulff says, like a different sensitivity to insulin and glucose(葡萄糖)—which can cause weight gain.

　)58. What does the author do in the first three paragraphs?

A. raising the problem—analyzing the problem—solving the problem

B. leading in the topic—challenging a viewpoint—discussing about the topic

C. presenting author's viewpoint—providing supporting proofs—making a conclusion

D. introducing a viewpoint—raising the question—presenting author's viewpoint

　)59. What can we know from the 4th and 5th paragraph?

A. Morning types are more conservative but more optimistic.

B. To beat night­time people, ask them to do math calculation in the morning.

C. Night owls tend to sacrifice their health for their wealth.

D. Neither night owls nor morning persons perform better than the middle ones.

　)60. Which of the following does Katharina Wulff support?

A. Don't fall asleep in front of the TV. B. Avoid being regularly late for work.

C. Stop setting your alarm for 5 am. D. Better not overhaul your sleep times.

　　)61. Why does the author write this article?

A. To explain why some people are more successful.

B. To compare the differences between early risers and night owls.

C. To advise people to get up neither too early nor too late.

D. To argue against the view that the early bird catches the worm.  

答案：BADD

第58题B 第一段，用大家所知的早起的鸟儿有虫吃的俗语来引入话题；第二段，’but …does that mean it’s a trait most of them share?’提出了质疑，即challenge；第三段，对这个问题进行深入的讨论。

第59题A   ‘self-directed and agreeable’ 同义替换’conservative’ ; ‘less likely to be depressed, drink or smoke’概括即为乐观的意思。

第60题D ‘On the other hand, she says, pushing people too far out of their natural preference can be harmful.’过早起床对人有害。

第61题D  该议论文一直在围绕早起的好坏，最后得出的结论是不好。中心概括题。

C

GPS technology is one of the latest and greatest developments within the communications world. Also known as a “global positioning system，” this technology works off of radio signals sent out by satellites in space. Since a cell phone already works like a two­way radio when communicating with cell towers, the GPS capability simply extends the radio signal reach to space satellites. Phones equipped with full­featured capabilities work off of Java­based radio signals and have database access to their providers' system for other data like mapping and voices. Location tracking, and giving directions to and from destinations are some of the more common uses for this technology.

GPS navigational systems are supported by a network of 27 satellites. These satellites orbit the Earth in cyclic patterns 24 hours a day. At any given time, a minimum of four satellites signals is accessible to any one point on Earth. Whenever a receiver device is activated, radio waves with coded messages are sent out to it. This is how satellites know to start tracking the device. A receiver's exact location is determined through a process called trilateration(三边测量法) where three satellites work together to narrow down possible location points. A fourth satellite is needed if the receiver isn't on the ground and altitude is wanted as well. Distance calculations are made based on how long it takes the radio signals to travel back and forth between receiver and satellites. The mapping capabilities are displayed on the phone's screen via the cell provider's database.

As a GPS device needs to do all kinds of calculations on different data from satellites and provider'S database，it consumes time. So it can take quite a few seconds for a regular GPS to work out a plan. An assisted GPS can help solve the problem. It is an improved technology that uses a cell network's Assistance Server which is connected to a reference network such as the Internet. Through the use of cell towers，a phone relays satellite signal information to the servers. These servers are able to process incoming data at much higher rates than GPS receivers，so information is processed quicker，and is typically more accurate.

(　　)62. What does the underlined word “their” refer to?

A. satellites' B. phones' C. signals' D. capabilities'

(　　)63. Which of the following is right according to the information in the text?

A. Phone GPS is a new technology unrelated to a cell phone's original functions.

B. A mobile phone works as a signal receiver and processor in phone GPS system.

C. Each mobile phone is assigned four fixed satellites for their coded messages.

D. Mapping capabilities and distance calculations are affected by the speed of radio signals.

(　　)64. What do we know about the Assistance Server in the Assisted GPS?

A. It can speed up calculating process of a regular GPS receiver.

B. It is part of the cell network directly connected to the internet and the phone.

C. It has a better functioning performance in processing received radio signals.

D. It helps the Assisted GPS to receive different data more accurately in bad conditions.

答案：BBC

第62题B ‘Phones equipped with full-featured capabilities work off of Java-basedradio signals and have database access to their providers. ’手机配备功能齐全的能力作用于java基础的无线电信号并且能到达供应商数据库。这个句子涉及到长难句的分析，equipped with……作为定语修饰phones, and 连接2个并列的谓语，一个是work off, 一个是have ,所以and 后面的句子其实是 phones have database access to their providers. 即their指代手机。

第63题B 结合第二段整体，手机在GPS系统中作为信号的接收者和加工者。总结概括题。A错在unrelated C four 应该改为three D 是混合选项，mapping capabilities 与数据库有关，而后者distance calculation 与速度有关。

第64题C ‘…An assisted GPS can solve the problem.’前面在说GPS处理需要耗费日时间，而助手解决了这一个问题，因此可以说它在处理接收到的信号这一功能上表现更好。

D

Myth was born in childhood of human being. It is a product of ancient imaginations, which can conquer nature，dominate nature and make the power of nature have its own image. It is a cultural phenomenon in civilized society.

China and Greece are birthplaces of Orient and Western civilizations. Prime Minister Constantine Caramanlis of Greece once pointed out: “The civilization of China brought light to the Far East and the whole of Asia，as Greece thought，the cornerstone of European civilization，brought light to the West.” However，for some reasons，there are many differences between Chinese and Greek myth，which show their own unique national spirits and moral principles.

The ancestors of Chinese nation lived on land before one million and seven hundred thousand years. After long uncivilized times, ancient Chinese gradually created civilization. In prehistory, ancient Chinese lived and struggled. Most ancestors' achievements of tribes have been passed down orally. This is old myth. According to some archaeological materials, single myth, which has the meaning of totem(图腾), had appeared in the Late Palaeolithic Age. As the mental belief, totem is the holiest and the most beautiful symbol in ancient tribes' mind. It is their aesthetic conception(审美观). On the contrary, the history of Greece is shorter, and Greek myth produced later than Chinese myth. It produced in about eleventh century BC, and it was far from the age of totem worship. That was the Age of Heroes. Human wisdom had been more and more important and totem worship had tended to disappear. So ancient Greeks thought that human being was the most beautiful in the world. They gave their deities(神灵) the most beautiful images. Those are images of human beings.

China lies in an isolated pocket in East Asia, surrounded by impassable mountains, deserts, seas and valleys. This environment develops a continental culture where people are only looking inward, a farming culture centers on soil, discouraging any adventurous see­faring people. In addition, Chinese myth produced in the Yellow River and the Yangtze River Valley. In both zones, the volume of rain is abundant all the year round. Because the soil is fertile and the resources are rich, both areas are suitable for agriculture. It became the typical continental agriculture. They would not like to take their own lives to struggle with terrifying waves, but would rather work hard in gentle land. Just the ancient Chinese who lived in this continent created this unique myth, ancient Chinese myth.

Contrary to China, Greece is a poor country, barren and dry. Unlike the rich river valleys Yellow River and Yangtze River, its rivers are too small to be navigable, and they dry up in the heat of the mostly rainless summers. The Greek landscape is dominated by high mountains, which occupy about three quarters of the land. As rich land was limited in Greece, to survive, ancient Greeks had to look outward. Sea is the greatest Greek natural resource. It plays a central role in the life of Greeks. The Chinese seas don't look navigable, but the Greek seas look like swimming pools. The Chinese sailor, if he happens to be bold, sails for days without any land in sight. In fact, he can easily get drowned before he has a chance to get anywhere. The Greek sailor, who is always fortunate, can spot islands in all directions on clear days. With these stepping­stones, he can reach any part of the Mediterranean to trade, to stay, to conquer and to colonize. They like to learn advanced technique and cultures from other countries. This provided living space for independence of Greek myth. Frankly speaking, marine civilization created the great Greek myth.

(　　)65. What is the passage mainly about?

A. The differences between Chinese and Greek myth.

B. The definition of myths and why they came into existence.

C. The reasons for the differences between Chinese and Greek myth.

D. The factors resulting in Chinese myth being more advanced than Greek myth.

　　)66. What can we know about the author according to what he writes in this passage?

A. He has a strong affection for his country's civilizations.

B. He holds a positive attitude towards the study of myth.

C. He agrees with Constanitine in terms of Greek Myth.

D. He presents his main point of view in an objective tone.

(　　)67. What can we infer from the 3rd paragraph?

A. Chinese myth came into being 1.7 million years earlier than Greek myth.

B. The appearance of totem marked the birth of Chinese civilization.

C. Deities in Greek myth are wiser and more beautiful than Chinese ones.

D. The time when the myth produced has great influence on its images.

(　　)68. The author writes the 4th and 5th paragraphs mainly to ________．

A. display the geographical differences between China and Greece

B. compare the agriculture civilization and the marine civilization

C. show how environment causes the differences of the two myths

D. reveal why Chinese are more conservative than western people

　)69. What does the underlined word “marine” in the last sentence most probably mean?

A. of advanced level B. of or relating to the sea

C. independent of anything D. willing to make adventures

　)70. The differences mainly talked about in the passage between Chinese and Greek myths are ________.

a. aesthetic conception　　　b. surviving skills　　　　c. independent spirits

d. adventurous spirits　　 　e. forming process

A. ace B. bcd C. ade D. abd

D篇答案：CDDCBC

第65题此题属于主旨大意题，文章从第三段开始便从历史和地理环境（包括陆地和海洋）等角度分别阐述了中国和希腊神话区别的原因。文章只提到两种文明的神话有很多不同，并没有具体描述，故A项错误；文章只在第一段中解释了神话及其由来，B错；D项没提到，错误。故答案选C

第66题第二段中，作者认为 “However, for some reasons, there are many differences between Chinese and Greek myth, which show their own unique national spirits and moral principles.” 可以看出与D项相符。而ABC项均在文中找不到依据，故选D

第67题第三段以历史时间为两个文明之间神话差异的主要因素，希腊神话出现得更晚一些，而他们的形象却大相径庭，所以作者想表达的是神话出现的时间对神话形象有很大影响。而文中没有关于神话出现的时间的具表述故A错误，BC是无中生有，很明显答案选D

第68题由65题可知，第四第五段主要讲述了环境因素对两种神话的影响，故选C

第69题由文章最后可知，这里的“marine”呼应前文的“these stepping-stones”，而这些stepping-stones是关于发现海岛和海上贸易的，故选B

第70题归纳题，第三段中“It is their aesthetic conception.”可知是aesthetic conception,而第三段主要讲了两种文明的神话形成过程，于是e包含，故排除BD；第四段末尾“They would not like to take their own lives to struggle with terrifying waves, but would rather work hard in gentle land”在第五段末尾“can spot islands in all directions on clear days.”“ he can reach any part of the Mediterranean to trade, to stay, to conquer and to colonize.”可知这是他们adventurous spirits的区别，故答案选C

第二卷(非选择题，共35分)

第四部分　任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)

请阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意：每个空格只填一个单词。

We've been hearing feedback from our customers about the way we handle performance for iPhones with older batteries and how we have communicated that process. We know that some of you feel Apple has let you down. We apologize. There's been a lot of misunderstanding about this issue, so we would like to clarify and let you know about some changes we're making.

First and foremost, we have never—and would never—do anything to intentionally shorten the life of any Apple product, or degrade the user experience to drive customer upgrades. Our goal has always been to create products that our customers love, and making iPhones last as long as possible is an important part of that.

All rechargeable batteries are consumable components that become less effective as their ability to hold a charge reduces. Time and the number of times a battery has been charged are not the only factors in this chemical aging process.

Device use also affects the performance of a battery over its lifespan. For example, leaving or charging a battery in a hot environment can cause a battery to age faster.

A chemically aged battery becomes less capable of delivering peak energy loads, especially in a low state of charge, which may lead to a device unexpectedly shutting itself down in some situations.

It should go without saying that we think sudden, unexpected shutdowns are unacceptable. We don't want any of our users to lose a call, miss taking a picture or have any other part of their iPhone experience interrupted if we can avoid it.

About a year ago in iOS 10.2.1, we delivered a software update that improves power management during peak workloads to avoid unexpected shutdowns on iPhone 6, iPhone 6 Plus, iPhone 6s, iPhone 6s Plus, and iPhone SE. With the update, iOS dynamically manages the maximum performance of some system components when needed to prevent a shutdown. While these changes may go unnoticed, in some cases users may experience longer launch times for apps and other reductions in performance.

Of course，when a chemically aged battery is replaced with a new one, iPhone performance returns to normal when operated in standard conditions.

To address our customers' concerns, to recognize their loyalty and to regain the trust of anyone who may have doubted Apple's intentions, we've decided to take the following steps:

Apple is reducing the price of an out­of­warranty iPhone battery replacement by $50—from $79 to $29—for anyone with an iPhone 6 or later whose battery needs to be replaced, starting in late January and available worldwide through December 2018.

Early in 2018, we will issue an iOS software update with new features that give users more visibility into the health of their iPhone's battery, so they can see for themselves if its condition is affecting performance.

At Apple, our customers' trust means everything to us. We will never stop working to earn and maintain it. We are able to do the work we love only because of your faith and support—and we will never forget that or take it for granted.

word/media/image3.gif

71.Apology  72.age  73.how  74.Consequence  75.from  76.Prevention  77.managing  78.occasionally(sometimes)  79.helping(enabling, allowing)  80. battery’s

详细解析：

第71题第一段第三句话由原文“We apology”和Details中内容可判断答案为Apology

第72题第三段第二句话由原文“Time and the number of times a battery has been charged are not the only factors in this chemical aging process”可知答案为 age

第73题第四段讲述了device use的方法影响电池寿命，方法为how +完整句子。故答案为 how

第74题第五段第一句“which may lead to a device unexpectedly shutting itself down in some situations”可知这是aged battery的结果，所以用Consequence

第75题第七段第一句由原文“improves power management during peak workloads to avoid unexpected shutdowns”可知poor capability of delivering peak energy loads是shut itself down unexpectedly的原因，故填from

第76题第七段是苹果避免突然关机采取的措施，第二句原文中有“when needed to prevent a shutdown”，这里是名词形式，故填Prevention

第77题第七段第二句原文“IOS dynamically manages the maximum performance of some system components”答案为managing

第78题第七段第三句中与in some cases同义替换，故答案为occasionally (sometimes)

第79题第十一段第一句中“give users more visibility into the health of their IPhone’s battery”是帮助使用者看到他们电池的健康状态，所以答案为helping(enabling, allowing)

第80题第十一段第一句“if its condition is affecting performance”可知这里的its指代的是电池，故答案为battery’s

第五部分　书面表达(满分25分)

请阅读下面一篇短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。

How long could you remember what you've learnt? In 1885, Hermann Ebbinghaus did this exact experiment—and his results are widely accepted as a general theory for how we learn and keep information. The resulting graph is called Ebbinghaus' Forgetting Curve.

This theory shows if we want to learn and remember something well, we'd better do some repetition(rote memorizing) and reviewing work in a proper way. Research has shown that reviewing at regular intervals(间隔) does increase retention and that over time, less frequent review is needed.

Frequent review can help retention, but over time, we still tend to forget what we've learned. This is why reviewing and rote memorizing for exams can provide good results in the short term—only to lead to you forgetting everything you had quickly memorized immediately after.

The approach for long term retention is to focus on the quality of the information in memory and the meaning of the information to you. In plain English—the more relevant, meaningful connections you can make with the new information in your mind with things you already know, the better your memory retention over time.

【写作内容】

1. 用约30个单词写出上文概要。

2. 用约120个单词阐述你对如何记忆新知的建议。建议内容必须包括：

(1) 根据艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线谈谈如何进行重复记忆，必须涉及艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线所反映的主要启示和其中的主要时间节点(至少3个):

(2) 除简单重复以外的其他与遗忘做斗争的方法(可用材料中的，也可用自己提供的)。

【写作要求】

1. 写作时不能直接引用原文语句；

2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；

【评分标准】

内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

word/media/image5.gif

This passage mainly talks about two ways on how to remember new knowledge well, making proper repetition and building connections between knowledge.The Ebbinghaus Forgetting Curve is also introduced as a proof.

In my understanding, on one hand, we should memorize new knowledge scientifically. According to Ebbinghaus, retention drops sharply in the first two days and then begins to level off thereafter. So the primary principle is to review frequently in the early days. If we don't start revision in the first two days, more than 70% of what we've learned will have disappeared. To be more exact, early repetition should be made in 20 minutes after learning and then 1 hour, 9 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours. Besides, two more recalls one week and one month later are also needed for better results.

On the other hand, rather than memorize everything, we'd better relate new learning to old knowledge and personal experiences. By drawing connections, long term retention can be achieved.