参 考 资 料

损坏检验中的一些常用英语

上海双希海事发展有限公司

二 O O O 年

THE WORDS & SENTENCES

USED IN

FOUND & RECOMMENDATION (SUPPLEMENT)

Ⅰ. FOUND

FOUND后面一般接动词过去分词，也可以接形容词或名词。

found aged 发现老化

a little bit inclined 有些倾斜

abnormal 不正常

bent 弯曲

burnt 烧坏

beyond repair 已无法修理

black out (n.) (灯光)熄灭

blocked 堵塞

broden 破裂

breakdown (n.) (主机)停车

carbonized 炭化

coked 结焦

charred 结炭

chapped 裂开

choked 堵塞

clogged (常指管子的堵塞)堵塞

collapsed 塌陷

corroded 腐蚀

cracked 裂开

damaged 损坏

deformed 变形

destroyed 毁坏

dirty 肮脏

dented 凹陷

dropped 脱落

excessive wear 过度磨损

earthen 接地

fallen out 脱落

fractured 破裂

frosted 结霜

grooved 划成沟

greasy 油污

hardened 硬化

inclined 倾斜

inaccurate 不准

ineffective 失效

jammed 卡住

knocking 敲击

leaky, leaking 泄露

loose 松,不紧

melted 熔化

misaligned 不对中

misfire 点不着火

noisy 噪声

overheated 过热

out of function 失去作用

out of order 不正常

out of operation 动作不灵

oval 呈椭圆形

pit 麻点

ridged 凸起

scored 划伤

seized 咬住

scuffed 拉痕

squeezed 挤压

short circuited 短路

scaled 积垢

sticking 咬住

surging (增压器)喘振

twisted 扭曲

vibration 震动

worn 磨损

wiped 磨掉

Ⅱ. RECOMMENDED

表达方式:To be + (修理动作的动词过去分词)

To be assembled 组装

disassembled 拆卸

closed, sealed 盖合,封闭

connected 连接

covered 盖上

dismounted 拆开

disengaged (见engaged) 脱开

disconnected 拆开

drawn out 拉出

engaged (齿轮等)啮合

fixed 固定

installed 安装

lifted out 提出

To be loosened, untightened 松开

opened up 打开

pulled out 拉出

packed 组合,集合

removed 移开

replaced 更换

returned, sent, transported 送回

rolled out, turned out 转出

shifted 移动

take 取,拿

tightened 上紧

unbolted, unscrewed 卸螺栓、螺丝

withdrawn 退出、抽出(尾轴)

清洁 (cleaning) 动作

To be blown 吹清

cleaned 清洁

chemically cleaned 化学清洗

coated, painted 涂,包,覆盖

drained 把(沉淀物)放掉

filled 充注

flushed 冲洗

repainted 重新上涂料

washed 洗

检测 (checking, measuring) 动作

To be adjusted 校正

Aligned 对中,找平

Checked 检查,校对

detected for (leakage) 查(漏)

examined 仔细检查

inspected 检查

measured 测量

To be overhauled 大检修

rectified 校正

regulated 调整

reset 重新设定

修理 (Repairing) 动作

To be cropped 切割、剪切

dipped, immersed 浸,泡

dried, baked 烘,烤

drilled 钻孔

euipped 装备

filed 锉

finished 表面光洁

fitted 装设

forged 锻造

ground 研磨

lathed 车床加工

machined (用机床)加工

To be made 制造

metalled 敷上金属

moulded 模制

patched 复补

planed 刨平

polished 磨光,擦光

remetalled 重新敷上金属

remedied 修补

renewed 换新

rewound 重新绕

scraped 括

slotted 开槽

soldered 焊

tapped 攻螺纹

tapered 使成圆锥

tempered 回火,软火

welded 焊接

THE DESCRIPTION OF DAMAGE

I. General descriptions

II. Deficiencies

III. Tightness, Stains & Loss, etc.

IV. Dent, crack, score, break, etc.

V. Corrosion, seizing, choking, etc.

VI. Wear, loose, clearance, etc.

VII. Burning, heating, etc.

THE USE OF VERBS

IN

RECOMMENDATIONS & REQUIREMENTS

I. Remove, crop, etc.

II. Fit, scrape, grind, etc.

III. Re-metal, adjust, check, etc.

IV. Weld rived, wind, etc.

V. Heating

THE USE OF VERBS IN TESTS

SURVEY DATA LIST

Name of Ship : Flag:

Port of registry: Gross Tonnage:

Class:

Last drydocking:

At the request of :

On behalf of :

First date of survey : Surveyed at :Afloat and / or in drydock.

Present at surveys (Name & Status):

Alleged casualty(s) and date(s):

Log books / extracts examined form / to:

Vessel in loaded / ballast condition. On voyage from...... to ......

Permanent repairs (part) effected / deferred. Temporary repairs (part) effected.

Whether drydock necessary:

Details of and other damage / Owner's repairs effected concurrently:

Owner's repairs necessary for seaworthiness?

If so, estimate time required: Afloat In drydock

Date of docking : Date of undocking:

Date of commencement of repairs:

Date of completion of repairs:

Date of vessel leaving port:

Agreed cost of repairs-each damage:

Cost of drydocking: Overtime worked number of days

Cost of general services: Saved: Afloat, In drydock

Excess cost of overtime:

Values of credits:

Estimate cost : (Formal reports should not contain cost estimates).

Is damage consistent with cause alleged?

In addition to the above, the following data should be noted in cases of :

I. COLLISION DAMAGE

Name of vessels :

Time and Places of casualty:

Course of vessels :

Speeds of vessels :

Draughts of vessels :

Angle of blow (shown in sketch) :

Avoiding action taken :

Weather and visibility reported at time of collision:

Efforts to extricate collided vessels:

Photographs:

Condition of :Whistle Navigation lights

Steering gear Bridge/engine room telegraph

Separation of collision damage and extrication damage:

II. HEAVY WEATHER

Wind force and direction :

Loaded / ballast condition :

Voyage form to

Dates covering heavy weather:

III. GROUNDING / STRANDING

Events leading to casualty :

Place of grounding:

Date and time of casualty :

Draft of vessel : F A

Sounding taken around vessel :

at position of grounding :

Weather and visibility reported at time of grounding :

Efforts to refloat :

Time of refloating :

How refloated : e.g. Using main engines, using anchors and cables, assisted by tugboats, etc.

Separation of grounding / stranding damage and efforts to refloat :

IV. FIRE

Cause and time of fire:

How extinguished and when :

Efforts to extinguish :

Separation of fire damage and fire extinguishing damage :

SPECIMEN PRELIMINARY ADVICE FORMAT

Vessel : Instructions :

Surveyed whilst lying at in company with owner’s Representative

Brokers (if known)

For example :

Date and nature of casualty :

GENERAL NOTES

1. Necessary drydocking to effect repairs.

2. No necessary drydocking to effect repairs.

3. Necessary transportation of men and material for repairs.

4. Necessary transportation of rudder, propeller and propeller shaft to and from shoreside repair shop.

5. Necessary staging to be erected and dismantled on completion of repair.

6. Necessary gas free certificate to be provided.

7. All removals necessary to effect repairs to be replaced as original.

8. All new and disturbed work to be tested and proved satisfactory.

9. All new and disturbed work to be coated.

10. All cargo oil tanks cleaning, sludge removal, gas free are required before hot work.

11. General services include docking, berthing and unberthing vessel, wharfage, firewatch, fireline connection and maintaining pressure, cooling water connection and maintaining pressure, telephone service, supply of electricity, and garbage removal etc.

12. Furnish necessary derrick barge, work barge, air compressors, portable self priming pumps for salvage operations.

13. Furnish large blowers and ventilation arrangement for cleaning operation.

14. Services of a manufacturer's service representative to be provided.

15. Owner to submit separate invoices for new propeller and propeller shaft and for transportation to repair shop.

16. Separate bill to be submitted by Owners for supply of replacement lubricating oil required.

17. Tailshaft to be withdrawn for stern tube inspection.

18. Tailshaft to be checked by magnetic powder examination.

19. Propeller to be removed for repair. Dye checking and balance test to be carried out before refitted.

20. Upon completion of repairs, steering arrangement to be tested and proven in good working order.

21. Upon completion of installation, new generator unit to be tested under load and proven satisfactory.

22. Make alignment check and prove gears and shafting in good alignment.

23. Drydock blocking in way of damage area to be removed and replaced as required.

24. Fire extinguishers, used in extinguisher fire, to be recharged.

25. Vessel's CO2 system to be restored to good order and recharged

26. Deep tank No. 4 P & S to be cleaned and gas freed.

27. Deep tank number 4 to be tested to classification society requirements and proven tight upon repair completion.

CAUSE OF DAMAGE

For example :

I. No allegation, Cause Unknown

1. No allegation, Cause Unknown.

2. Cause and date stated unknown.

3. No allegation of cause has been made in respect of this damage. It is understood that if a claim is to be made the Owner will notify his Brokers of the allegation of cause. In view of the foregoing, the defects now found and reported upon are noted without prejudice to liability and the Owner's Representative has been so advised.

4. Allegation to cause of damage has not been made by the Owners in respect of the above damage. In view of the foregoing, the defects now found and reported upon are noted without prejudice to underwriter's liability and the chief engineer has been so advised accordingly.

II. Surveyor's opinion of the cause of damage

1. In our opinion, the damage found could reasonably be attributed to the alleged cause.

2. The attending surveyor is of opinion, without prejudice, that :

(1) Damage to the foregoing items No.X & No. X could be sustained in weather condition as noted in the Deck Log on (Date) during the passage from XXX to XXX;

(2) Crack of the foregoing item No.X could be resulted form the improper welding during the last cutting, the date of which is not immediately Known;

(3) The steel plating at P & S sides appeared to be heavily rusted, but the gauging record of thickness was not available on board for an immediate review. Unless the gauging of the steel plating in question was actually carried out and was within the limits of the Classification tolerance the foregoing items No. X & No. X should be considered as "Partly due to weakness of steel through wear & tear";

(4) The foregoing item No. X could be due to weakness of steel through wear & tear.

3. It was our stated opinion that the cause of damage could be more reasonably attributed to lack of greasing over a prolonged period of time. To date chief Engineer had reserved his comment on the cause of damage.