Unit 4　Global warming

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2015陕西,C)

The production of coffee beans is a huge,profitable business,but,unfortunately,full-sun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage.The change in how coffee is grown from shade-grown production to full-sun production endangers the very existence of certain animals and birds,and even disturbs the world's ecological balance.

On a local level,the damage of the forest required by full-sun fields affects the area's birds and animals.The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other species(物种)that depend on the trees' flowers and fruits.Full-sun coffee growers destroy this forest home.As a result,many species are quickly dying out.

On a more global level,the destruction of the rainforest for full-sun coffee fields also threatens(威胁)human life.Medical research often makes use of the forests' plant and animal life,and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases.In addition,new coffee-growing techniques are poisoning the water locally,and eventually the world's groundwater.

Both locally and globally,the continued spread of full-sun coffee plantations(种植园)could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology.The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the world's climate,and studies show that the loss of oxygen-giving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming.Moreover,the new growing techniques are contributing to acidic(酸性的)soil conditions.

It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life,from the local environment to the global ecology.But consumers do have a choice.They can purchase shade-grown coffee whenever possible,although at a higher cost.The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.

1.What can we learn about full-sun coffee production from Paragraph 4?

A.It limits the spread of new growing techniques.

B.It leads to air pollution and global warming.

C.It slows down the loss of shade trees.

D.It improves local soil conditions.

2.The purpose of the text is to　　　. 

A.entertain B.advertise

C.instruct D.persuade

3.Where does this text probably come from?

A.An agricultural magazine. B.A medical journal.

C.An engineering textbook. D.A tourist guide.

4.Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?

(P:Paragraph)

B

(2018河南郑州一中高三入学考试,B)

Enjoying a musical performance no longer requires a costly ticket or a trip to a theater. These days, musicians are performing in private homes, in salons, at airports...even on ferryboats.

Musicians like house concerts. At music clubs, they often have to perform over the loud conversation or deal with people who have drunk too much alcohol. People at house concerts are more focused on listening to the music.

Just a few hours before the Bombadils started singing in the O'Hair Salon, Lindsay was having her hair cut and Tamera was having facials. Then, they moved chairs and microphones to create a small performance space. The Bombadils played music in the front part of the hair salon, near the hair dryers and dressing table.

“This is our first show in a hair salon,”Sarah Frank of the Bombadils told concertgoers at last week's performance. Frank said she and band members Luke Fraser and Kaitlyn Raitz had a great time “interacting” with the audience.

Concerts in people's homes, or small businesses such as O'Hair are becoming more and more popular, musicians say. “There is a more relaxed atmosphere,”said Domenic Cicala, the owner of the salon.“People really get to know the artists.”

At house concerts, people get time before and after concerts to meet the performers. Very often the hosts or guests will provide food and drink.

“People really like listening to music in the living room of a friend,”said Matt Hart, making up Local Strangers a folk-rock group based in Seattle with Aubrey Zoli. At many such concerts, the musicians do not need microphones. However, every word of their songs can be heard.

5.Why do musicians like house concerts?

A.Because private homes are easier to get to.

B.Because people pay more attention to their music.

C.Because they can do other things while performing.

D.Because they don't have to bring their microphones.

6.What impressed Sarah Frank most at her last week's performance?

A.The small performance space.

B.Her first show in a hair salon.

C.Their “interacting” with the audience.

D.The more relaxed atmosphere.

7.How many music groups are mentioned in the text?

A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.

8.What may be the best title for the text?

A.Musicians struggle to make a living

B.People really get to know the artists

C.Musicians find new places to perform

D.Concertgoers won't go to music clubs

Ⅱ.语法填空

(2018山西重点中学协作体高三一联)

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Internet has become a part of young people's life. A report　1　(show) that 38% of students often use the Internet. Most of them get useful 　2　(inform) on the Internet or use the Internet to help with their studies. 　3　some students don't use it in 　4　good way. Some play computer games too much, some visit websites that 　5　(their)shouldn't visit. Bad things may happen 　6　students spend too much time on the Internet. 　7　is important for students to use the Internet properly. Now we have a textbook, 　8　uses many examples to teach students some good ways to use the Internet. It gives useful 　9　(advise). Some students also make friends on the Internet. But if you want to have a face-to-face 　10　(meet) with your online friends, let your parents know and meet in a proper place. 

1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　　4.　　　　5.　　　 

6.　　　　7.　　　　8.　　　　9.　　　　10.　　　 

Ⅲ.短文改错

(2018安徽高中十校联盟高三摸底)

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Several years ago, Lisa and I happened to starting applying for a job at the same bank. After graduation, we went through training together or were just given part-time position. A few months late, one full-time position final opened up. In the fact, we both really needed the extra income. But when Lisa offered the full-time position, she told the manager that he should offer it to her first. She added that she will take the job only if I declined.

I have lost touch of her ever since, but that was one of the kindest things someone had ever done for me.

答案精解精析

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

[语篇解读]　本文为说明文,题材为环境保护类。主要介绍了full-sun coffee production对人类生活和环境造成的影响。

1.B　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句话可知,full-sun coffee production造成了空气污染和温室效应。故选B。

2.D　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知,作者写这篇文章主要是为了地球和人类的未来,劝说大家购买shade-grown coffee,故选D。

3.A　推理判断题。本文主要探讨了full-sun coffee production对环境等造成的影响,与农业有关。故选A。

4.A　推理判断题。文章第一段提出full-sun production造成的破坏,接下来的三个段落分别从“On a local level”“On a more global level”和“Both locally and globally”三个层面进行了论述,最后一段对全文进行总结并号召大家购买shade-grown coffee,故选A。

B

[语篇解读]　本文为记叙文,通过文章我们了解到音乐家发现了新的表演地方。

5.B　细节理解题。根据第二段的People at house concerts are more focused on listening to the music.可知,音乐家喜欢house concerts是因为人们更关注他们的音乐。故选B。

6.C　细节理解题。根据第四段中Frank said she and band members Luke Fraser and Kaitlyn Raitz had a great time“interacting”with the audience.可知,给Sarah Frank留下印象最深刻的是和听众的互动。故选C。

7.B　细节理解题。根据第三段和最后一段可知文中提到两种音乐团体。故选B。

8.C　主旨大意题。根据第一段中的These days, musicians are performing in private homes, in salons, at airports...even on ferryboats.可知音乐家们发现了新的表演地方。故选C。

Ⅱ.语法填空

[语篇解读]　网络已经变成了学生生活中的一部分,他们应该正确使用它。

1.shows　本句在陈述调查的结果,结合上下文可知使用一般现在时态。a report是句子的主语,为第三人称单数形式,故答案为shows。

2.information　由前面的形容词useful可知此处用名词形式information (不可数名词)。

3.But　多数学生在网上获取有用的信息或用网络帮助他们学习,但是有些学生并没有用一种好的方式使用它。前后两句表示一种转折关系,故填But。

4.a　in a good way意为“以一种好的方式”。

5.they　空格处所缺词在从句中作主语,故使用人称代词they。

6.if/when　句意:如果学生在网络上花费的时间太多/当学生在网络上花费太多时间的时候,不好的事情可能会发生。

7.It　此处It作形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语。故填It。

8.which　此处a textbook是先行词,指物,且在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语,故答案为which。

9.advice　形容词修饰名词,故答案为advice(不可数名词)。

10.meeting　face-to-face是一个形容词,修饰名词,故答案为meeting相遇,会面。

Ⅲ.短文改错

　　Several years ago, Lisa and I happened to ①word/media/image4_1.png applying for a job at the same bank. After graduation, we went through training together ②word/media/image5_1.pngwere just given part-time ③word/media/image6_1.png. A few months ④word/media/image7_1.png, one full-time position ⑤word/media/image8_1.png opened up. In ⑥the fact, we both really needed the extra income. But when Lisa ⑦offered the full-time position, she told the manager that he should offer it to ⑧word/media/image9_1.png first. She added that she ⑨word/media/image10_1.png take the job only if I declined.

I have lost touch ⑩word/media/image11_1.png her ever since, but that was one of the kindest things someone had ever done for me.

①考查固定搭配。 happen to do sth.碰巧做某事。

②考查连词。went through training together 和 were just given part-time positions是并列关系,故使用连词and。

③考查名词的数。这里的兼职职位是两个人的,故用名词复数形式。

④考查固定搭配。a few months later几个月之后。

⑤考查副词。这里用副词finally作状语,修饰动词短语opened up。

⑥考查固定短语。in fact事实上。故删去the。

⑦考查语态。Lisa和动词offer是被动关系,且这里在谈论过去的事情,故在Lisa 和offered之间加上was。

⑧考查代词。当Lisa得到这个全职职位时,她告诉经理他应该首先把它提供给“我”。根据语境可知her改为me。

⑨考查时态。根据前面的added可知这里应用一般过去时。

⑩考查介词。lose touch with...和……失去联系。