题组层级快练19 Unit 4 Body language

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

(2017·宁夏银川一模)David Cameron is urging today's youngsters to abandon French to concentrate on the tongue of the future—Mandarin(普通话)．

Cameron said，“I want Britain linked up to the world's fast－growing economies. And that includes our young people learning the languages to seal tomorrow's business deals.”

“By the time the children born today leave school, China is to be the world's largest economy. So it's time to look beyond the traditional focus on French and German and get many more children learning Mandarin.”To strengthen his message, he quoted Nelson Mandela—the former president of South Africa who said “If you talk to a man in a language he understands that goes to his head; if you talk to him in his own language that goes to his heart.”

Cameron said that a partnership between the British Council (英国文化协会) and Hanban will double the number of Chinese language assistants in the UK by 2016 and provide increased funding to schools of offering Mandarin as a language choice. In a development of the UK－China School Partnership programme, funding will also be provided for 60 headteachers to make study visits to China in 2014.

In recent research the British Council found only 1% of the adult population speaks Mandarin to a level that allows them to conduct a basic conversation. Just 3，000 pupils in England, Wales and Northern Ireland entered for Chinese languages GCSEs in 2013, putting it far behind the traditional choices of French with 177，000, Spanish with 91，000 and German with 62，000 entrants(加入者), as well as Urdu, Polish and Arabic.

Professor Dame Helen Wallace, the British Academy's foreign secretary, said, “a lack of qualified teachers could be a barrier to improve its popularity.”

Laura Chan, one of the co－founders of a bilingual Mandarin－English primary school, said the prime minister's announcement was good news for the status of Mandarin. She said, “It's a great help. It will increase people's awareness of Mandarin as a language they can learn.”

1. What is the text mainly talking about?

A. David Cameron calls for British students to learn Mandarin.

B. David Cameron has visited China for three days.

C. Chinese language is very popular with British people.

D. The cooperation is important between the UK and China.

2. Why does David Cameron urge students to learn Chinese?

A. Because Chinese will be a widely－used language in the world.

B. Because there are many Chinese people living in Britain.

C. Because he thinks China will become the largest economy.

D. Because only a few of British people can communicate in Chinese.

3. What is the writer's attitude to the popularity of Mandarin?

A. It's wonderful but it also has some problems.

B. It can be a great waste of time and energy.

C. It's only a design for the youngsters later.

D. It's only a way to help students to travel abroad.

4. What is the purpose of David Cameron by quoting Mandela's words in Paragraph3?

A. To compare different ideas.

B. To show his rich knowledge.

C. To share Mandela's opinion.

D. To persuade people to learn Mandarin.

答案与解析

【文章大意】　本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了David Cameron强烈呼吁英国学生学习普通话。

1. 答案　A

解析　细节理解题。根据第一段“David Cameron is urging today's youngsters to abandon French to concentrate on the tongue of the future—Mandarin.”可知本文主要讲的是David Cameron呼吁英国学生学习普通话。

2. 答案　C

解析　细节理解题。根据文章第三段“China is to be the world's largest economy. So it's time to look beyond the traditional focus on French and German and get many more children learning Mandarin.”可知卡麦龙认为中国将成为最大的经济体，所以督促学生学习汉语。

3. 答案　A

解析　推理判断题。根据文章第六段“Professor Dame Helen Wallace, the British Academy's foreign secretary, said, ‘a lack of qualified teachers could be a barrier to improve its popularity’”可知作者对推广普通话的态度是他认为这很好但也存在一些问题。

4. 答案　D

解析　推理判断题。根据文章第三段“To strengthen his message, he quoted Nelson Mandela—the former president of South Africa who said ‘If you talk to a man in a language he understands that goes to his head; if you talk to him in his own language that goes to his heart.’”可知引用曼德拉的话的目的是说服人们学习普通话。

Ⅱ. 完形填空

(2017·甘肃)Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks __1__ than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more __2__ than we realize. In fact, non－verbal(非言语) communication takes up about 50% of what we really __3__. And body language is particularly __4__ when we attempt to communicate across cultures. Indeed, what is called body language is so __5__ a part of us that it's actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. __6__， different societies treat the __7__ between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having __8__ contact(接触) even with friends, and certainly not with __9__．

People from Latin American countries, __10__， touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it's possible that in __11__， it may look like a Latino is __12__ a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving __13__. The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep __14__ —which the Latino will in return regard as __15__．

Clearly, a great deal is going on when people __16__. And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from __17__ cultures, there's a strong possibility of __18__. But whatever the situation, the best __19__ is to obey the Golden Rule：treat others as you would like to be __20__．

1. A. straighter　　　　　　 B. louder

C. harder D. further

2. A. sounds B. invitations

C. feelings D. messages

3. A. mean B. receive

C. discover D. hope

4. A. immediate B. misleading

C. important D. difficult

5. A. well B. far

C. long D. much

6. A. For example B. Thus

C. However D. In short

7. A. trade B. distance

C. connections D. greetings

8. A. eye B. verbal

C. bodily D. telephone

9. A. strangers B. relatives

C. neighbors D. enemies

10. A. in other words B. on the other hand

C. in a similar way D. by all means

11. A. trouble B. conversation

C. silence D. experiment

12. A. disturbing B. helping

C. guiding D. following

13. A. closer B. faster

C. in D. away

14. A. stepping forward B. going on

C. coming out D. backing away

15. A. weakness B. carelessness

C. coldness D. friendliness

16. A. talk B. travel

C. laugh D. think

17. A. rich B. European

C. Latino D. different

18. A. curiosity B. excitement

C. misunderstanding D. nervousness

19. A. chance B. time

C. result D. advice

20. A. noticed B. treated

C. respected D. pleased

答案与解析

【文章大意】　身体语言是所有语言中沉默、秘密而又最有力量的语言。

1. 答案　B

解析　由首句“身体语言是所有语言中沉默、秘密而又最有力量的语言！ ”可知，本句应表达“身体语言比口头语言更有说服力”，所以选louder。

2. 答案　D

解析　根据上文的“身体语言是最有力量的语言”可知，我们的身体传递出比我们意识到的更多的信息，所以messages符合句意。

3. 答案　A

解析　句意：实际上，非言语交际大约占我们所要表达的真正意思的50%。mean意思是“本意是”。

4. 答案　C

解析　上文说到身体语言在交际中的作用，本句则说明身体语言在跨文化交流时的重要作用，所以使用important。

5. 答案　D

解析　句意：的确，我们所说的身体语言在我们的生活中占了如此大的比重，但实际上往往未被注意到。结合句意可知，四个选项中，只有much跟“a＋名词”连用合适。

6. 答案　A

解析　下文作者给出了一个实例来说明不同文化背景的人对于“个人空间”的不同习俗，所以此处使用for example, 意为“例如”。

7. 答案　B

解析　下文举的例子与“个人空间”有关，所以此处使用distance, 表示“距离”。

8. 答案　C

解析　由下文描述的挪威人不断地后退可知，北欧人不喜欢与其他人有身体上的(bodily) 接触，所以C项正确。

9. 答案　A

解析　与前面的even with friends构成对比，此处应表示“陌生人”。

10. 答案　B

解析　与北欧人的习俗构成对比，拉丁美洲人喜欢肢体接触，所以此处用on the other hand“另一方面”，表示转折。in other words“换句话说”；in a similar way“类似方式地”；by all means“务必；一定”。

11. 答案　B

解析　由于习俗不同，所以挪威人与拉丁美洲人在谈话(conversation) 时，就会出现拉丁美洲人追着挪威人说话的情形，故选B项。

12. 答案　D

解析　根据上题解析，拉丁美洲人追着挪威人，所以使用following。

13. 答案　A

解析　谈话过程中拉丁美洲人一直在靠近挪威人，所以使用closer。

14. 答案　D

解析　挪威人由于不喜欢与别人靠得太近，所以只能不停地后退，故选D项。

15. 答案　C

解析　挪威人的后退在拉丁美洲人的眼中是一种冷漠(coldness), 所以C项正确。

16. 答案　A

解析　这一段是对上文的总结，在人们交谈(talk) 时，有很多事情在发生着，所以A项正确。

17. 答案　D

解析　根据上文的陈述，当来自不同(different) 文化的人聚会时，很有可能会产生误会。

18. 答案　C

解析　文化背景的差异带来的应该是误解(misunderstanding), 所以C项正确。

19. 答案　D

解析　面对误解，作者给出的应是最好的建议，所以使用advice。

20. 答案　B

解析　treat others as you would like to be treated是一个俗语。句意为：用你希望被别人对待你的方式去对待别人。所以使用treated。

Ⅲ. 语法填空

(2017·甘肃)Mandarin Chinese is the most useful non－European language for children to learn, as UK parents believe. Arabic and Japanese, __1__ were both picked by 14% of parents, were the other key non－European languages.

The figures were gained after 1，138 UK adults with children aged under 18 questioned in a survey conducted by the Mandarin Excellence Program (MEP)．

French, Spanish and German were the top __2__(choose) overall for young people in the UK to learn after __3__(pick) by 57%，54% and 40% of parents respectively.

Mark Herbert, president of the British Council, said, “With the global economy __4__(become) more interconnected, language skills are __5__(increase) vital for work and life.”Mandarin Chinese is __6__ of the languages that matter most to the UK's future prosperity.

“If the UK is to remain __7__(compete) on the world stage, we need far more of our young people leaving school with __8__ good grasp of Mandarin in order to successfully work abroad or for businesses here in the UK.”

“Learning Mandarin is also a fascinating process that __9__(bring) a valuable understanding of Chinese culture.”

The MEP aims to help __10__ least 5，000 young people in England to speak fluent Mandarin Chinese by 2020.

答案与解析

1. 答案　which

解析　考查定语从句。which指代Arabic and Japanese, 在从句中作主语。

2. 答案　choices

解析　考查名词。句意是“法语、西班牙语和德语是英国年轻家长们的首选，分别占57%、54%和40%。”

3. 答案　being picked

解析　考查动名词的被动语态。after是介词，后跟动名词，由句意知用被动语态。

4. 答案　becoming

解析　考查with复合结构。become与逻辑主语the global economy之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词。

5. 答案　increasingly

解析　考查副词。句意是“随着全球经济的连接日益紧密，语言技能对于工作和生活来说都正变得越来越重要。”increasingly修饰形容词vital。

6. 答案　one

解析　考查数词。根据句意“汉语是对于英国未来繁荣来说最为重要的语言之一。”one of ...意为“……之一”。

7. 答案　competitive

解析　考查形容词。remain是系动词，后跟形容词。

8. 答案　a

解析　考查冠词。a good grasp of ...“……掌握得很好”。

9. 答案　brings

解析　考查时态。 根据上下文用一般现在时。

10. 答案　at

解析　考查固定短语。at least“至少”。

Ⅳ. 短文改错

(2017·黑龙江大庆)

Dear Peter，

I'm very glad to have received the letter you sent me two weeks before. I have been thinking about the question you ask me. In my opinion, you should come back after finished your studies abroad. For one reason, that you are studying is badly needed nowadays in our country. It will be quite easily for you to find a good job. In fact, I know a few big company in our city are hoping to hire people like you. For other reason, I think it will be too much more convenient for you to look after your parents as they are getting old. And this is only my point of view. It is up to you to make right choice.

Yours，

Li Hua

答案与解析

1. 答案　before→ago

解析　考查副词。two weeks ago意为“两周前”。

2. 答案　ask→asked

解析　考查时态。句意：我一直考虑你问我的问题。ask这一动作发生在过去。

3. 答案　finished→finishing

解析　考查动名词。after是介词，后跟动名词。

4. 答案　that→what

解析　考查连接代词。what you are studying是主语从句，what在从句中作宾语。

5. 答案　easily→easy

解析　考查形容词。句意：你很容易找到一份好工作。

6. 答案　company→companies

解析　考查名词。a few修饰可数名词复数。

7. 答案　other→another

解析　考查代词。根据上文中for one reason, 可知for another reason“另一个原因”。

8. 答案　去掉much more之前的too

解析　考查比较级的修饰词。修饰比较级用much, too much不能修饰比较级。

9. 答案　And→But

解析　考查连词。根据上下文这儿是表示转折意义，所以用but。

10. 答案　make之后加a

解析　考查冠词。句意：由你来做正确的选择。choice是可数名词。

精美句子

1、善思则能“从无字句处读书”。读沙漠，读出了它坦荡豪放的胸怀；读太阳，读出了它普照万物的无私；读春雨，读出了它润物无声的柔情。读大海，读出了它气势磅礴的豪情。读石灰，读出了它粉身碎骨不变色的清白。

  2、幸福幸福是“临行密密缝，意恐迟迟归”的牵挂； 幸福是“春种一粒粟，秋收千颗子”的收获. 幸福是“采菊东篱下，悠然见南山”的闲适；幸福是“奇闻共欣赏，疑义相与析”的愉悦。幸福是“随风潜入夜，润物细无声”的奉献；幸福是“夜来风雨声，花落知多少”的恬淡。幸福是“零落成泥碾作尘，只有香如故”的圣洁。幸福是“壮志饥餐胡虏肉，笑谈渴饮匈奴血”的豪壮。幸福是“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”的胸怀。幸福是“人生自古谁无死，留取丹心照汗青”的气节。

3、大自然的语言丰富多彩：从秋叶的飘零中，我们读出了季节的变换；从归雁的行列中，我读出了集体的力量；从冰雪的消融中，我们读出了春天的脚步；从穿石的滴水中，我们读出了坚持的可贵；从蜂蜜的浓香中，我们读出了勤劳的甜美。

 4、成功与失败种子，如果害怕埋没，那它永远不能发芽。鲜花，如果害怕凋谢，那它永远不能开放。矿石，如果害怕焚烧（熔炉），那它永远不能成钢（炼成金子）。蜡烛，如果害怕熄灭（燃烧），那它永远不能发光。航船，如果害怕风浪，那它永远不能到达彼岸。

5、墙角的花，当你孤芳自赏时，天地便小了。 井底的蛙，当你自我欢唱时，视野便窄了。笼中的鸟，当你安于供养时，自由便没了。山中的石！当你背靠群峰时，意志就坚了。水中的萍！当你随波逐流后，根基就没了。空中的鸟！当你展翅蓝天中，宇宙就大了。空中的雁！当你离开队伍时，危险就大了。地下的煤！你燃烧自己后，贡献就大了

6、朋友是什么？

朋友是快乐日子里的一把吉它，尽情地为你弹奏生活的愉悦；朋友是忧伤日子里的一股春风，轻轻地为你拂去心中的愁云。朋友是成功道路上的一位良师，热情的将你引向阳光的地带；朋友是失败苦闷中的一盏明灯，默默地为你驱赶心灵的阴霾。

7、一粒种子，可以无声无息地在泥土里腐烂掉，也可以长成参天的大树。 一块铀块，可以平庸无奇地在石头里沉睡下去，也可以产生惊天动地的力量。一个人，可以碌碌无为地在世上厮混日子，也可以让生命发出耀眼的光芒。

 8、青春是一首歌，她拨动着我们年轻的心弦；青春是一团火，她点燃了我们沸腾的热血； 青春是一面旗帜，她召唤着我们勇敢前行；青春是一本教科书，她启迪着我们的智慧和心灵。